-
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.who.int/fr/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/question-and-answers-hub
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Questions fréquentes sur les nouveaux coronavirus
Subject
The topic of the resource
Contenu Français
Description
An account of the resource
Les coronavirus forment une vaste famille de virus qui sont à l’origine de diverses affections, allant du rhume banal à des maladies plus graves comme le syndrome respiratoire du Moyen-Orient (MERS) et le syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (SRAS). (WHO). This page is available in <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/items/show/656">English</a>.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
WHO
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-01-09
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Français
French
MERS-CoV
R-Gen
SARS
Vaccine Study
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/781723cf3645be9f2b73a606d12a0cf1.png
0bd5d037b2c7019836cb7ada82d0c4db
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
http://penn-chime.phl.io/
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
COVID-19 Hospital Impact Model for Epidemics
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emergency Management
Description
An account of the resource
<em><em>This tool was developed by the <a href="http://predictivehealthcare.pennmedicine.org/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Predictive Healthcare team</a> at Penn Medicine. For questions and comments please see their <a href="http://predictivehealthcare.pennmedicine.org/contact/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">contact page</a>. Code can be found on <a href="https://github.com/pennsignals/chime" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Github</a>. You can join their <a href="https://codeforphilly.org/chat?channel=covid19-chime-penn" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Slack channel</a> if you would like to get involved.<br /><br /></em></em>
<p>Discrete-time SIR modeling of infections/recovery</p>
<p>The model consists of individuals who are either <em>Susceptible</em><span><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"></span><span class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.05764em;"></span></span></span></span></span>, <em>Infected</em><span><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"></span><span class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.07847em;"></span></span></span></span></span>, or <em>Recovered</em><span><span class="katex"><span class="katex-mathml"></span><span class="katex-html"><span class="base"><span class="mord mathit" style="margin-right:0.00773em;"></span></span></span></span></span>.</p>
<p>The epidemic proceeds via a growth and decline process. This is the core model of infectious disease spread and has been in use in epidemiology for many years.</p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Predictive Healthcare team at Penn Medicine
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-03-16
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2024-03-27 Emergency Management skipped in review – bump to next quarter
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-07-27
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Emergency Management
Preparedness
R-EM
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/6ce5f8dfdde6a4d11f15346146283e0b.png
f94e53b328532bd376ec8ebfaa7c7ad4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://qventus.com/blog/predicting-the-effects-of-the-covid-pandemic-on-us-health-system-capacity/#tableau-3
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Predicting the Effects of the COVID Pandemic On US Health System Capacity
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emergency Management
Description
An account of the resource
<h3>Predicting the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic On US Health System Capacity</h3>
<p><i><span style="font-weight:400;">Qventus works with leading health systems across the country to improve operations and drive more efficient patient flow. Over recent weeks, they have been helping their partners with COVID-19 planning and preparation, including adapting the </span></i><i><span style="font-weight:400;">CDC Flu Surge</span></i><i><span style="font-weight:400;"> model to COVID-19 and running it for key metropolitan areas and all states. </span></i></p>
<p><i><span style="font-weight:400;">They’re sharing the information at the link with the hope that health systems find it informative as they plan for the impact of COVID-19. This analysis is preliminary, and they will continue to refine it as they get more information.</span></i></p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Qventus
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-03-13
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2024-03-27 Emergency Management skipped in review – bump to next quarter
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-07-27
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Emergency Management
Epidemic
Pandemic
R-EM
-
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.aamc.org/covid-19-clinical-guidance-repository
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
COVID-19 Clinical Guidance Repository
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emergency Management
Description
An account of the resource
<p>The AAMC COVID-19 Clinical Guidance Repository includes content from academic medical centers (AMCs) as a resource for hospitals and clinicians across the United States. The goal is to identify, summarize, and highlight areas of alignment in clinical practice during the pandemic. Here you will find up to date COVID-19 treatment and management guidance to help clinicians optimize patient care. Clinicians can view, access, and download clinical guidance that has been collected from AMCs.</p>
<p>This repository is meant for clinicians (and not the general public) to access clinical and patient management information regarding COVID-19 that supplements their own independent, professional judgment, and evaluation of their institution’s unique circumstances (AAMC COVID-19 Clinical Guidance Repository Disclaimer).</p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
American Association of Medical Colleges (AAMC)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-05-12
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2024-03-27 Emergency Management skipped in review – bump to next quarter
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-07-27
2019-nCoV
Clinical Care Guidelines
Coronavirus
COVID-19
R-EM
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.sccm.org/COVID19RapidResources/Home
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
COVID-19 Rapid Resource Center
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emergency Management
Description
An account of the resource
The Society of Critical Care Medicine’s (SCCM) COVID-19 Rapid Resource Center gives you access to their latest education. You can also search by specific topics.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-12
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2024-03-27 Emergency Management skipped in review – bump to next quarter
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-07-27
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-EM
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/fe1e00f9c44f400bba2d6a27f2fb770f.png
04fa464b3df0258b1e9d22bbd9bd163f
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Deploy
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/ppe.html#anchor_73382
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
NIOSH PPE Tracker App
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emergency Management
Description
An account of the resource
<p>The NIOSH PPE Tracker mobile app can help healthcare and non-healthcare systems track their personal protective equipment (PPE) inventory. Facilities can use the app to calculate their average PPE consumption rate or “burn rate.” The app estimates how many days a PPE supply will last given current inventory levels and PPE burn rate. Based on the <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/docs/PPE-Burn-Rate-Calculator-Version-3.xlsx">PPE Burn Rate Calculator Excel spreadsheet</a>, the app features several improvements, including an easy-to-use interface and the ability to add restock. <br /><br />The app is available for both iOS and Android devices.</p>
<p><strong>Key Features</strong></p>
<p>With the NIOSH PPE Tracker app, you can</p>
<ul>
<li>Track different types of PPE, such as gowns, gloves, surgical masks, respirators, face shields, and more</li>
<li>Track inventory by number of boxes or number of individual units</li>
<li>Add restock when calculating inventory totals</li>
<li>Calculate burn rate by type of PPE (such as gloves) and for specific units (such as small gloves)</li>
<li>Calculate PPE burn rate by the number of patients being treated and track changes in PPE usage as the number of patients fluctuates</li>
<li>Download inventory and burn rate data and share reports via email</li>
</ul>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC, NIOSH
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-06-11
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-01-19 by Beth Beam
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-01-19
Relation
A related resource
Y - PPE pos 91 qualtrics 312
Y - D0.1PPE/D0.2PPE Qualtrics # 312
2019-nCoV
Checklist
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Emergency Management
Infection Prevention and Control
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-PPE
Respiratory Pathogen
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/0042e655d8b55d4512c5dbe9064ecaf5.png
1b6b01a22c0ec5517f95feb53db57c40
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.who.int/emergencies/outbreak-toolkit/disease-outbreak-toolboxes/mpox-outbreak-toolbox
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Mpox Outbreak Toolbox
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emergency Management
Description
An account of the resource
WHO toolbox for Mpox with Key references documents, Case definitions, Data collections tools, Laboratory confirmation, Response tools and resources, Training, and Other resources.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
WHO
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-01
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2023-10-17 by Darrell Ruby, T & E group, updated for 2022 outbreak
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-10-17
Lab
Laboratory
Mpox
R-T&E
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/fa8227e7dbccad4cab5c870ec9ec812f.png
0ef53a8acd819774d39f62c3f8b28570
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2021/08/12/marburg-resources/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
NETEC Resources for Marburg Virus Disease
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emergency Management
Description
An account of the resource
On August 9, 2021, health authorities in Guinea, west Africa, confirmed a case of Marburg virus disease (MVD) in the southern Gueckedou prefecture. In this post, NETEC provides information and resources on MVD.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2021-08-12
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-12-07 general asset review - IPC
Relation
A related resource
Y
Y - D0.1IC/D0.2IC Qualtrics # 231, original # 17a (additional resources)
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-12-10
Blog
Infection Prevention and Control
Lab
Laboratory
Marburg
R-EM
R-IPC
Treatment and Care
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
Waste Management
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/2d10f7950e919d98a260c1fb3bee7fa7.png
34f7eaaa04d754efe0cbf6ec972338eb
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://emscimprovement.center/education-and-resources/toolkits/pediatric-disaster-preparedness-toolbox/covid-19-coronavirus/domainspreparednesscoronavirus-covid-19ppe/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
PPE, Calculators & Essential Skills
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emergency Management
Description
An account of the resource
This page gathers a collection of tools related to PPE, Calculators & Essential Skills for clinicians.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Emergency Medical Services for Children Innovation and Improvement Center (EIIC)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2021
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-07 by Kari, Special Populations Treatment & Care group
2023-12-15 by Clayton Mowrer, Special Populations Treatment & Care group - note "Constantly updated Excellent resource"
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-12-31
2019-nCoV
Children
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Example
Pediatrics
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-SP
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/5faff893ee810386377d58b567e031ec.png
1b6b01a22c0ec5517f95feb53db57c40
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Contingency and Crisis Capacities
Description
An account of the resource
<h3>This is a collection of Contingency and Crisis capacity resources. What are Contingency and Crisis capacities?</h3>
<p style="margin-left:1.25rem;">This collection of resources contains recommendations facilitating conservation of equipment and supplies during <strong>contingency</strong> (expected shortages) and <strong>crisis</strong> (known shortages) capacities and <em><strong>should not be applied</strong></em> as guidance when <strong>conventional capacities</strong> are available.</p>
<p style="margin-left:1.25rem;">Contingency and then crisis capacity measures augment conventional capacity measures and are meant to be considered and <strong>implemented sequentially</strong> (<a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-masks.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">CDC</a>). They are recommended in the following sequence:</p>
<p><img src="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/images/hcp/conventional-contingency-crisis-graphic.png" style="height:150px;" alt="conventional-contingency-crisis-graphic.png" /></p>
<ul style="margin-left:2rem;">
<li><strong>Conventional capacity</strong> include measures consisting of engineering, administrative, and personal protective equipment (PPE) controls that should already be implemented in general infection prevention and control plans in healthcare settings.</li>
<li><strong>Contingency capacity</strong> measures may be used temporarily during periods of expected shortages. Contingency capacity strategies should only be implemented after considering and implementing conventional capacity strategies.</li>
<li><strong>Crisis capacity</strong> strategies are not commensurate with U.S. standards of care but may need to be considered during periods of known shortages. Crisis capacity strategies should only be implemented after considering and implementing conventional and contingency capacity strategies.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Facts:</h3>
<ul>
<li>When using these strategies, healthcare facilities should (<a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/conserving.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">CDC</a>):
<ul>
<li>Consider these options and <strong>implement them sequentially</strong></li>
<li>Understand their current PPE inventory, supply chain, and <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/ppe.html#anchor_68992">utilization rate</a></li>
<li>Train healthcare personnel on PPE use and have them demonstrate competency with donning and doffing any PPE ensemble that is used to perform job responsibilities</li>
<li>Once PPE availability returns to normal, promptly resume conventional practices</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Where to Start:</h3>
<ul>
<li>Consult the CDC guidance on optimizing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) supplies here: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/conserving.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/conserving.html</a>
<ul>
<li>Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of Facemasks: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-n95.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-n95.html</a></li>
<li>Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of Eye Protection: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-eye.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-eye.html</a></li>
<li>Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of Isolation Gowns: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-gowns.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-gowns.html</a></li>
<li>Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of Disposable Medical Gloves: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-gloves.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-gloves.html</a></li>
<li>Summary for Healthcare Facilities: Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of PPE during Shortages: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-ppe.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-ppe.html</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>See NETEC's selection of tools on <a href="/exhibits/show/ppecons">PPE (COVID-19) Use and Conservation</a>.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Contingency and Crisis Capacity Resources:</h3>
<p style="margin-left:1.25rem;">Browse through the resources at the bottom of this page, under <a href="#collection-items">Collection Resources</a>, to find strategies to help with reuse and extended use of supplies.</p>
<h3>N95 Flowchart - are Crisis Capacity Strategies necessary?</h3>
<p style="margin-left:1.25rem;">Start with the flowchart below to see how to determine when contingency and crisis capacity strategies are necessary.<br /><br /></p>
<div style="text-align:center;"><img src="https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/9056d3ca25a1fd00b4e26bb772a96d9c.png" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;" width="60%" alt="9056d3ca25a1fd00b4e26bb772a96d9c.png" /></div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://dashtool.org/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Disaster Available Supplies in Hospitals (DASH) Tool
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emergency Management
Description
An account of the resource
<p>The Disaster Available Supplies in Hospitals (DASH) Tool is an interactive tool that can help hospital emergency planners and supply chain staff estimate supplies that may need to be immediately available during various mass casualty incidents (MCI) and infectious disease emergencies based on hospital characteristics.</p>
<p>DASH is comprised of several modules which, taken together, can provide hospitals a holistic view of the supplies needed to address various types of incidents.</p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ASPR TRACIE
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-07-25
Contingency and crisis capacities
Emergency Management
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-EM
Supply Management
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/0add0a6df67da0912aee496eb6f4a8e9.png
e27206aa589b4d60dfc4276b1c3f5977
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2023/06/12/universal-preparedness-in-health-care-settings/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Universal Preparedness in Health Care Settings
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emergency Management
Description
An account of the resource
This blog post covers universal preparedness topics.<br />
<p>A panel of NETEC experts in emergency management, infection prevention, personal protective equipment, and pre-hospital care joined a fireside chat to discuss the role of health care personnel in planning and emergency response within a universal preparedness framework. <a href="https://youtu.be/bgolBfcAdJk" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Watch the fireside chat.</a> </p>
<p>Universal preparedness is the concept of multi-sector, coordinated response planning for emergencies. Within the health care sector, universal preparedness requires integrating preparedness across all health system functions, fostering a continual state of readiness, and equipping health care providers with the knowledge, skills, and planning to respond to any event. </p>
<p></p>
<br />
<h4>Read more on the NETEC blog post: <a href="https://netec.org/2023/06/12/universal-preparedness-in-health-care-settings/">Universal Preparedness in Health Care Settings</a></h4>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-06-12
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-06-12
Emergency Management
Preparedness
R-EM
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/89e4a929f60a8866c6eb4e963bc3b1a0.png
6a0b42d1bce7e9787ec8bec346ae66c8
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2022/10/19/ems-strategies-for-ebola/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
EMS Strategies for Ebola
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emergency Medical Services
Description
An account of the resource
This blog post covers considerations related to EMS.<br /><br />While it is unlikely that emergency medical services (EMS) personnel in the United States will encounter a person infected with Ebola virus during routine operations, an Ebola outbreak reported anywhere in the world increases the risk for encountering a patient who recently traveled from the affected area and became infected. The virus can spread quickly within health care settings among personnel who do not use proper infection control while caring for patients suspected or confirmed to be infected with Ebola virus. That’s why it’s important that EMS professionals follow an identify, isolate, and inform strategy, and implement a hierarchy of controls to prevent transmission of infectious diseases.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-10-19
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-06-19
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2024-03-27 EMS/Pre-Hospital never reviewed – bump to next quarter
Blog
Ebola
EMS
R-EMS
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/93222710fba5c83ca4c05da39f8882d3.png
3dd218ed5cfc504eff44aa04b51b7401
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2023/03/09/ems-guidelines-for-marburg-virus-disease/
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
EMS Guidelines for Marburg Virus Disease
Subject
The topic of the resource
Emergency Medical Services
Description
An account of the resource
This NETEC blog post discusses EMS guidelines for Marburg Virus Disease. <br /><br />Marburg virus disease (MVD) is a rare but severe viral hemorrhagic fever caused by Marburg virus, which is part of the filoviridae family that includes Ebola virus. Cases of MVD are rare but outbreaks occasionally arise in sub-Saharan Africa, where the virus circulates in the Egyptian fruit bat. Humans can be infected through contact with infected animals and through person-to-person spread. In countries where outbreaks have occurred, the case fatality rate for MVD is between 24 and 88 percent.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-03-09
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-03-09
EMS
Marburg
Pre-Hospital
R-EMS
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
http://www.nebraskamed.com/biocontainment-unit/ebola
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Nebraska Biocontainment Unit website
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
University of Nebraska Medical Center / Nebraska Medicine
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
Resources - National Ebola Training and Education Center
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-01-08
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2024-03-27 R-Lead – never reviewed – make due in 6 months
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-11-27
Ebola
Isolation/Biocontainment
R-Lead
Special Pathogens
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/4c7e9663a3a47f47552231dfd46a89a7.png
225a70b426ff74c1fdcb3bd7e3b60813
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<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
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</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
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http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/index.html
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): CDC's Response to the West African Ebola Epidemic
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CDC
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U.S. Healthcare Workers and Settings | Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever | CDC
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2018-01-08
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2022-01-19 by Beth Beam
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2025-01-19
Autoclave
Communications
CONOPS
Decontamination
Donning and Doffing
Ebola
Emergency Department
Emergency Management
EMS
Federal
Identify
Infection Prevention and Control
Inform
Isolate
Isolation/Biocontainment
Occupational Health
Patient Care
Patient Transport
Person Under Investigation (PUI)
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Physical Infrastructure
Pre-hospital Transport
Public Health
R-PPE
Special Pathogens
Staffing
Staffing Model
Training
Waste
-
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PDF Text
Text
Hospital Preparedness Program (HPP)
Measure Manual:
Implementation Guidance for Ebola
Preparedness Measures
May 2017
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response
�Hospital Preparedness Program (HPP)
Ebola Preparedness and Response Activities
CFDA # 93.817
VERSION 8.0
1|Page
�— This Page Intentionally Left Blank —
2|Page
�U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE
Hospital Preparedness Program (HPP) Measure Manual:
Implementation Guidance for Ebola Preparedness
Measures
May 2017
3|Page
�The Hospital Preparedness Program (HPP) Measure Manual, Implementation Guidance for the HPP
Ebola Preparedness Measures (hereafter referred to as Ebola Measures Manual) is a highly iterative
document. Subsequent versions will be subject to ongoing updates and changes as reflected in HPP
policies and direction.
4|Page
�Introduction
Beginning in March of 2014, West Africa experienced the largest Ebola virus disease (Ebola)
outbreak on record. Unlike many smaller preceding outbreaks of Ebola, this particular
outbreak spread to multiple African countries and caused (as of April 2017) more than 28,000
suspected human cases and resulted in over 11,000 deaths. In August 2014, the first
American citizen with Ebola was flown to the United States (U.S.) for treatment. Additional
patients have subsequently been medically-evacuated to the U.S. and two returned travelers
were diagnosed and treated in Dallas, Texas and New York City, New York. In addition to
these experiences, the secondary infections of two health care workers in a Dallas hospital
identified opportunities to improve preparedness for and treatment of suspected and
confirmed patients with Ebola. In response, Congress appropriated emergency funding, in
part to ensure that the health care system is adequately prepared to respond to future
patients infected with Ebola. In doing so, Congress directed the Department of Health and
Human Services (HHS) to develop a regional approach to caring for future patients with Ebola.
The funding provided through the Hospital Preparedness Program (HPP) Ebola Preparedness
and Response Activities is intended to ensure the nation’s health care system is ready to
safely and successfully identify, isolate, assess, transport, and treat patients with Ebola or
patients under investigation for Ebola, and that it is well prepared for a future Ebola
outbreak. While the focus will be on preparedness for Ebola, it is likely that preparedness for
other novel, highly pathogenic diseases will also be enhanced through these activities. In line
with ensuring that healthcare systems are ready to treat patients with Ebola and other special
pathogens, HPP has adapted the performance measures to better reflect the inclusion of
preparedness for other special pathogens in addition to Ebola. Assuring that patients with
Ebola and other special pathogens are safely and well cared for in the U.S. health care system
and that frontline providers are protected and trained to recognize and isolate a person with
suspected Ebola and other pathogens are the primary goals of the HPP Ebola Preparedness
and Response Activities funding opportunity announcement (FOA).
Experience with patients with Ebola in the U.S. has highlighted both strengths and areas for
improvement in the care of patients affected by Ebola. The clinical care of such individuals
and prevention of its transmission is complex, requiring highly skilled health care providers
and technologically-advanced care. This has led Congress, experts, and stakeholder groups to
suggest that, to the extent possible, care of patients with Ebola should be concentrated in a
small number of facilities. At the same time, however, the nation’s hospitals must be
prepared to handle one or more simultaneous clusters of Ebola or other special pathogens.
Further, all hospitals must be able to identify, diagnose, and treat a patient with suspected
Ebola or other special pathogen until they can be transferred to a facility that can provide
definitive care. Ultimately, the HPP funding aims to ensure the health care system is well
prepared in the event of future Ebola or other special pathogen outbreaks.
5|Page
�Preface: How to Use This Manual
The Hospital Preparedness Program (HPP) created this manual as a resource for HPP awardees
to clarify the meaning of the performance measures for Ebola and other special pathogens
and assess outcomes. HPP expects that awardees will use the manual as a reference tool.
The performance measures were designed to demonstrate achievement or progress towards
accomplishing the relevant goals described in the HPP Ebola Preparedness and Response
Activities Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA). Although most of the Ebola capabilities
are intended to be addressed in the first year of funding, these capabilities and those for
other special pathogens will continue to be built and maintained over the remaining four
years. In line with this goal, the performance measures have been adapted to include
references to Ebola and other special pathogens, and the measures and goals may be refined
in future years.
All awardees receiving funds for the HPP Ebola Preparedness and Response Activities should
understand that the federal government requires program measures. The Ebola measures aim
to describe and illustrate an awardee’s progress toward meeting Part A and Part B (applicable
only for Part B awardees) goals described in the HPP Ebola Preparedness and Response
Activities FOA. It is the responsibility of the awardees to provide performance information
through the Ebola measures. Ebola performance information will be collected in an Excel
template, annually beginning in May (Part A) and June (Part B), for the next five years to
monitor progress. This information will allow the HPP to assess both the awardee and its
effectiveness in implementing the Program’s goals. Where a measure is a
proportion/percentage, the numerator and denominator (defined on pages 12-28) will be
collected. This manual provides:
• Performance Measures: Each measure includes a performance measure number and
the performance measure language
• Part: Refers to awardee type as described in the HPP Ebola Preparedness and Response
Activities FOA (i.e. Part A or Part B)
• Activity: The section within the HPP Ebola Preparedness and Response Activities FOA
for which the performance measure applies
• Reporting Element: The suggested source from which the performance measure data is
derived
• Data Source: The organization(s) and/or its activity from which the data is derived
• Metrics: Defines the components that make up the operational intent of the measure
(e.g. numerator, denominator, start time, and stop time)
• Goals: This section will outline the ideal or recommended result
• Definitions: Detailed information that clarifies and provides guidance on how to
interpret key terms and phrases within the context of the performance measure.
The Ebola Measures
There are 26 core Ebola measures outlined in this document that address both Part A (18
measures) and Part B (8 measures). The data to support these measures will be collected by
the awardee, coalitions, Ebola treatment centers (ETC), and assessment hospitals (AH) for
Part A, and the awardee and the regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment center
for Part B. While the measures primarily aim to address health care workforce training and
patient care, much of the data will be collected during training, exercises, and real-world
events.
6|Page
�There are also eight additional measures developed to better illustrate impact. These impact
measures are both quantitative and qualitative. Four impact measures will ask awardees to
rate their levels of preparedness for an Ebola or special pathogen event both pre- and postfunding on a 5-point Likert scale (from ‘1= Not Prepared’ through ‘5= Very Prepared’). The
remaining four open-ended qualitative questions will highlight the most prominent perceived
impacts and gaps.
Other Special Pathogen (OSP) Measures
Many awardees and facilities reported having met the Ebola performance measures and the
goals in year one. To improve overall preparedness for Ebola and other special pathogens,
many jurisdictions have voiced a desire to plan and exercise for other special pathogens in
addition to Ebola. Further, NETEC has released exercise templates for airborne transmissible
special pathogens. As such, the performance measures have been updated to address those
who are exercising other pathogens in year two.
In order for an awardee or facility to be eligible to start planning and exercising a scenario
other than Ebola, they must first successfully test and meet all Ebola performance measures.
Further, the awardee or facility must utilize the NETEC exercise template to meet their
annual performance measure reporting requirements for the HPP Ebola Preparedness and
Response Activities. All performance measures still apply except where noted below:
Measure Status
Modified Language
1
Does not apply
n/a
7
Does not apply
n/a
8
Does not apply
n/a
10
Modified
Proportion of health care facility and emergency medical
services (EMS) workers in PPE that a patient suspected of an
other special pathogen makes contact with after health
department notification to the assessment hospital or EMS
agency.
11
Does not apply
n/a
14
Does not apply
n/a
15
Modified
Proportion of frontline facilities that receive information from
their coalition on the quantity and location of personal
protective equipment (PPE) supply within 8 hours of a
suspected patient arrival at a coalition member facility.
6|Page
�Reporting Requirements
Per the FOA, the awardee, coalitions, ETCs, and assessment hospitals must conduct annual
exercises, and regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment centers must conduct
quarterly exercises. To ensure these exercises allow each entity to collect sufficient data to
collect the measures, the National Ebola Training and Education Center (NETEC) developed a
suite of exercise templates for use by awardees, coalitions, and individual health care
facilities to facilitate and conduct exercises to capture the required metrics.
Awardees will be expected to provide an end-of-year report on their activities and level of
performance ninety days after the conclusion of each budget period and at the conclusion of
the project period. End-of-year reports should reflect the period of performance that spans
from May 18 through May 17 for each Part A budget year and June 15 through June 14 for
each Part B budget year. Each facility must meet the performance measures for the role(s) in
which they were designated by the jurisdiction. For example, if a jurisdiction designates a
facility as an ETC with the expectation that the facility would have the capability of an
assessment hospital or frontline facility or designates a facility as both then that facility
would need to meet the ETC measures and AH measures; however, if a jurisdiction delineates
roles between ETCs and AHs, then the facility is required to meet the performance measures
for the facility type that applies.
Sufficient Documentation
Awardees and sub-recipients should maintain appropriate documentation for all data reported
on the HPP Ebola Measures. Documentation should contain sufficient information to
substantiate HPP Ebola measure data submitted to ASPR. ASPR may request documentation
to clarify or verify information submitted by awardees.
7|Page
�HPP Ebola Preparedness Measures
8|Page
�Summary of Ebola Performance Measures
In order for an awardee or facility to be eligible to start planning and exercising a scenario
other than Ebola, they must first successfully test and meet all Ebola performance measures.
Further, the awardee or facility must utilize the NETEC exercise template to meet their
annual performance measure reporting requirements for the HPP Ebola Preparedness and
Response Activities.
Develop a Concept of Operation
Number
1
Part
A
Activity
Performance Measure
A
Time, in minutes, it takes from an assessment hospital’s
notification to the health department of the need for an
inter-facility transfer of a patient confirmed with Ebola or
other special pathogen to the arrival of a staffed and
equipped EMS/inter-facility transport unit, as evidenced by
a no-notice exercise (Goal: Within 240 minutes or 4 hours).
*Note: This measure does not apply to awardees/facilities
addressing other special pathogens
Data Source
Coalition or
awardee exercise or
real event
Assure Readiness of Ebola Treatment Centers
Number
Part
Activity
2
A
B
3
4
5
6
7
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
Performance Measure
Data Source
Proportion of rostered/covered staff that are trained in
safely donning and doffing personal protective equipment
(PPE) (Goal: 100%).
Time it takes for all rostered/covered staff to receive justin-time (JIT) training, upon notification of a patient with
Ebola or other special pathogen at the regional Ebola and
other special pathogen treatment center (Goal: Within 72
hours).
Time until an ETC is ready to admit a patient with Ebola or
other special pathogen as evidenced by an exercise or
actual patient transfer (Goal: Within 72 hours of
confirmation of an Ebola or other special pathogen patient
at a regional center).
Proportion of rostered/covered staff contacted by hospital
within 4 hours of a patient confirmed with Ebola or other
special pathogen admission to a regional Ebola and other
special pathogen treatment center (Goal: 100%).
Proportion of rostered/covered staff contacted that
indicated they are able to report to fulfill Ebola or other
special pathogen-related staffing needs within 72 hours
(Goal: 100%).
Proportion of ETCs that can access their PPE supply (i.e.,
know location and have sufficient quantity of unexpired
supply) within 10 minutes of transfer notification or upon
the patient’s arrival (if no notification) of patient with
suspected Ebola or other special pathogen (Goal: 100%).
*Note: This measure does not apply to facilities addressing
other special pathogens
ETC measure
ETC exercise or real
event
ETC exercise or real
event
ETC exercise or real
event
ETC exercise or real
event
ETC exercise or real
event
9|Page
�Assure Readiness of Assessment Hospitals
Number
8
9
10
10 (OSP)
Part
A
A
A
A
Activity
B
B
B
B
11
A
B
12
A
B
13
A
B
14
A
B
Performance Measure
Data Source
Time, in seconds, from active monitoring/direct active
monitoring (AM/DAM) patient’s arrival to placement in
isolation at assessment hospital (Goal: = <60 seconds).
*Note: This measure does not apply to assessment hospitals
addressing other special pathogens
Time, in minutes, it takes an assessment hospital to
identify and isolate a patient suspected with Ebola or other
special pathogen following emergency department triage,
as evidenced by a real-world case or no-notice exercise
(Goal: Within 5 minutes).
Proportion of health care facility and emergency medical
services (EMS) workers in PPE, of those that makes contact
with an AM/DAM suspected Ebola patient under
investigation (PUI) after health department notification to
the assessment hospital (Goal: 100%).
Proportion of health care facility and emergency medical
services (EMS) workers in PPE that a patient suspected of
an other special pathogen makes contact with after health
department notification to the assessment hospital or EMS
agency.
Number of health care facility and EMS workers in PPE that
an AM/DAM suspected Ebola patient makes contact with
after health department notification until isolation (Goal:
=<3).
*Note: This measure does not apply for assessment
hospitals addressing other special pathogens
Proportion of emergency department staff trained at least
annually in infection control and safety (Goal: 100%).
Proportion of intensive care unit staff trained at least
annually in infection control and safety (Goal: 100%).
Proportion of assessment hospitals that can access their
PPE supply (i.e., know location and have sufficient quantity
of unexpired supply) within 10 minutes of transfer
notification or arrival (if no notification) of a patient with
suspected Ebola or other special pathogen (Goal: 100%).
*Note: This measure does not apply to facilities addressing
other special pathogens
AH exercise or
coalition exercise,
or real world event
AH exercise or
coalition exercise,
or real world event
AH exercise or
coalition exercise,
or real world event
AH exercise or
coalition exercise,
or real world event
AH exercise or
coalition exercise,
or real world event
AH measure
AH measure
AH exercise
Develop Capabilities of Health Care Coalitions to Enable Their Members to Care for Ebola
Patients
Number
15
15 (OSP)
Part
A
A
Activity
C
C
Performance Measure
Data Source
Proportion of frontline facilities that receive information
from their coalition on the quantity and location of
personal protective equipment (PPE) supply within 8 hours
of a patient under investigation’s (PUI) arrival at a coalition
member facility (Goal: 100%).
Proportion of frontline facilities that receive information
from their coalition on the quantity and location of
personal protective equipment (PPE) supply within 8 hours
of a suspected patient arrival at a coalition member
facility.
Coalition exercise
Coalition exercise
10 | P a g e
�Number
Part
Activity
16
A
C
17
A
C
18
A
C
Performance Measure
Data Source
Proportion of frontline facilities that have received
coalition-funded training (Goal: 75%).
Proportion of EMS agencies engaged in all phases of the
Ebola and other special pathogen preparedness process, of
those required to execute the awardee’s CONOPs (Goal:
100%).
Proportion of coalitions within an awardee’s jurisdiction
that participate in the Health care-Associated Infection
(HAI)/Infection Control advisory group (Goal: 80%).
Coalition measure
Coalition and
awardee measure
Awardee measure
Support Regional Planning for the Development of a Regional Network for Ebola Patient Care
Number
Part
Activity
19
B
A
20
B
A
21
22
B
B
A
A
Performance Measure
Time from confirmation of patient with Ebola or other
special pathogen at assessment hospital or ETC to
notification by the health department and/or transferring
hospital (assessment hospital or ETC) to the health
department in the state/jurisdiction where the regional
Ebola and other special pathogen treatment center is
located about the need for patient transfer (Goal: Within
30 minutes).
Proportion of member states/jurisdictions in the region
that have participated in the development of the regional
CONOPS (Goal: 100%).
Proportion of states/jurisdictions in the HHS region for
which a current written and signed agreement is in place to
transfer patients from assessment hospitals or ETCs to the
regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment
center (Goal: 100%).
Proportion of states/jurisdictions in the HHS region that
have demonstrated the ability to move a patient across
jurisdictions by ground or air to a regional Ebola and other
special pathogen treatment center, as evidenced by a
real-world event or participation in a multi-jurisdiction
exercise (Goal: 100%).
Data Source
AH or ETC exercise
Part B awardee
measure
Part B awardee
measure
Part B awardee
measure
Developing, Supporting and Maintaining Regional Ebola and other special pathogen
Treatment Centers
Number
23
24
Part
B
B
Activity
B
B
Performance Measure
Data Source
Proportion of rostered/covered staff at the regional Ebola
and other special pathogen treatment center that received
quarterly training in infection control and safety, and
patient care for a patient with Ebola or other special
pathogen (Goal: 100%).
Time it takes for the on-call team to report to the unit
upon notification of an incoming patient with Ebola or
other special pathogen, as evidenced by a real-world event
or no-notice exercise (Goal: 4 hours).
Regional ETC or other
special pathogen
treatment center
measure
Part B exercise or
real event
11 | P a g e
�Number
25
26
Part
B
B
Activity
B
B
Performance Measure
Data Source
Proportion of rostered/covered staff contacted by the
regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment center
within 4 hours upon notification of an incoming patient
with Ebola or other special pathogen, as evidenced by a
real-world event or no-notice exercise (Goal: 100%).
Time until a regional Ebola and other special pathogen
treatment center is ready to admit a patient with
confirmed Ebola or other special pathogen (adult or
pediatric patient), as evidenced by an exercise or actual
patient transfer (Goal: Within 8 hours of notification).
Part B exercise or
real event
Part B exercise or
actual patient
transfer
12 | P a g e
�Ebola Measures
Part A
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
1
A
Activity A: Develop a Concept of Operations.
Time, in minutes, it takes from an assessment hospital’s notification to
the health department of the need for an inter-facility transfer of a
patient confirmed with Ebola or other special pathogen to the arrival of a
staffed and equipped EMS/inter-facility transport unit, as evidenced by a
no-notice exercise or real-world event.
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
*Note: This measure does not apply for awardees/facilities addressing other
special pathogens
Assessment Hospital
Coalition or Assessment Hospital Exercise or Real-World Event
Start Time: Time the health department was notified by the assessment
hospital, or time from the health department’s decision, of the need for
an inter-facility transfer.
Stop Time: Time of arrival of a staffed and equipped EMS/inter-facility
transport unit.
Within 240 minutes or 4 hours
Assessment Hospital: Pre-designated facilities that are prepared to
receive and isolate a patient under investigation (PUI) for Ebola and care
for the patient until an Ebola diagnosis can be confirmed or ruled out and
until discharge or transfer is completed.
EMS/Inter-facility transport unit: Entities identified in the awardee’s
CONOPS responsible for the transport and patient care during transport of
an actively monitored or directly actively monitored (AM/DAM) patient to
an Ebola assessment facility or to provide inter-facility transport (i.e.,
from a frontline facility to an Ebola assessment/treatment facility or
from an Ebola assessment facility to an Ebola treatment facility).
No-notice exercise: Unannounced exercise, including drills, functional,
and full-scale exercises.
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
2
A
Activity B: Assure Readiness of Ebola Treatment Centers.
Proportion of rostered/covered staff that are trained in safely donning
and doffing personal protective equipment (PPE).
Ebola Treatment Center
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Ebola Treatment Center
13 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Metrics
Numerator: Total number of rostered/covered staff that completed
training.
Denominator: Total number of rostered/covered staff.
100% of rostered/covered staff
Rostered/covered Staff: Individuals that have been pre-identified to
provide ongoing care and treatment to patients with confirmed Ebola or
patient under investigation (PUI).
Donning: The administration or act of putting on PPE.
Doffing: The removal of used PPE; this is a high-risk process that requires
a structured procedure, a trained observer, and a designated area for
removal to ensure protection.
Trained: Individuals who have completed Ebola/infection control and
safety training to specifically include proper donning (putting on PPE) and
doffing (taking off PPE) methods. See CDC PPE training guidance.
PPE: Devices or equipment designated to provide protection while
providing care for a confirmed or suspected patient with Ebola.
Goal
Definitions
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
3
A
Activity B: Assure Readiness of Ebola Treatment Centers.
Time it takes for all rostered/covered staff to receive just-in-time (JIT)
training, upon notification of a patient with Ebola or other special
pathogen at the regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment
center.
Ebola Treatment Center
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Ebola Treatment Center Exercise or Real-World Event
Start Time: Time of notification (in hours and minutes) of a patient
confirmed with Ebola or other special pathogen at the regional Ebola and
other special pathogen treatment center.
Stop Time: Time all rostered/covered staff completed JIT training (in
hours and minutes).
Within 72 hours
*Note: Recommendation from facilities that have successfully treated Ebola
is for JIT training to be completed within 24 hours.
Notification: The ETC receives notification from the health department
that the regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment facility in
their region received a confirmed patient.
Rostered/covered Staff: Individuals that have been pre-identified to
provide ongoing care and treatment to patients with confirmed Ebola or
patient under investigation (PUI).
Just-In-Time (JIT) training: Training that is conducted as a refresher to
prepare for a patient with Ebola or other special pathogen, including
donning and doffing, facility-specific protocols and procedures, and
care/treatment protocols.
14 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
4
A
Activity B: Assure Readiness of Ebola Treatment Centers.
Time until an Ebola treatment center is ready to admit a patient with
Ebola or other special pathogen as evidenced by an exercise or actual
patient transfer.
Ebola Treatment Center
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Ebola Treatment Center Exercise or Real-World Event
Start Time: Time the ETC was notified (in hours and minutes) that a
patient confirmed with Ebola or other special pathogen was admitted to
the regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment center in their
region.
Stop Time: Time ETC is ready to admit a patient with Ebola or other
special pathogen (in hours and minutes).
Within 72 hours (upon notification of a patient confirmed with Ebola or
other special pathogen at a regional Ebola and other special pathogen
treatment centers)
*Note: Recommendation from facilities that have successfully treated Ebola
is for ETCs to be ready to admit a patient within 24 hours.
Notification: The ETC receives notification from the health department
that the regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment center in
their region received a confirmed patient.
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
5
A
Activity B: Assure Readiness of Ebola Treatment Centers.
Proportion of rostered/covered staff contacted by hospital within 4 hours
of a patient confirmed with Ebola or other special pathogen admission to
a regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment center.
Ebola Treatment Center
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Ebola Treatment Center Exercise or Real-World Event
Numerator: Number of rostered/covered staff contacted within 4 hours of
notification of a patient with confirmed Ebola at the regional Ebola and
other special pathogens treatment center.
Denominator: Total number of rostered/covered staff.
100% of rostered/covered staff
Rostered/covered Staff: Individuals that have been pre-identified to
provide ongoing care and treatment to patients with confirmed Ebola or
patient under investigation (PUI).
Confirmation: Laboratory-confirmed diagnostic evidence of Ebola virus or
other special pathogen.
Contact: The hospital successfully contacted the staff members (and
received a response) by phone, email, or automated alert system.
15 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
6
A
Activity B: Assure Readiness of Ebola Treatment Centers.
Proportion of rostered/covered staff contacted that indicated they are
able to report to fulfill Ebola or other special pathogen-related staffing
needs within 72 hours.
Ebola Treatment Center
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Ebola Treatment Center Exercise or Real-World Event
Numerator: Number of rostered/covered staff able to report within 72
hours to fulfill Ebola or other special pathogen-related staffing needs.
Denominator: Total number of rostered/covered staff contacted.
100% of contacted rostered/covered staff
Rostered/covered staff: Individuals that have been pre-identified to
provide ongoing care and treatment to patients with confirmed Ebola or
patient under investigation (PUI).
Contact: The hospital successfully contacted the staff members (and
received a response) by phone, email, or automated alert system.
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
7
A
Activity B: Assure Readiness of Ebola Treatment Centers.
Proportion of Ebola Treatment Centers (ETCs) that can access their PPE
supply (i.e., know location and have sufficient quantity of unexpired
supply) within 10 minutes of transfer notification or upon the patient’s
arrival (if no notification) of a patient suspected of Ebola or other special
pathogen.
Ebola Treatment Center
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Ebola Treatment Center Exercise or Real-World Event
Numerator: Number of ETCs that can access their PPE supply within 10
minutes of transfer notification or upon the patient’s arrival (if no
notification) of patient suspected with Ebola or other special pathogen.
Denominator: All ETCs in an awardee’s jurisdiction.
100% of Ebola Treatment Centers
Transfer Notification: The ETC receives notification from the health
department, assessment hospital, or EMS of an incoming patient
suspected of Ebola or other special pathogen.
PPE Access: The ability to identify the location and have sufficient
quantity of unexpired supply of PPE at the patient care location(s) (e.g.,
emergency department, intensive care unit, Ebola treatment unit).
Sufficient: The extent to which the availability of PPE supplies meets the
pre-identified needs (i.e., CDC Ebola guidelines, needs assessment,
CONOPS).
16 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure (Ebola)
8
A
Activity B: Assure Readiness of Assessment Hospitals.
Time, in seconds, from active monitoring/direct active monitoring
(AM/DAM) patient’s arrival to placement in isolation at assessment
hospital.
This measure does not apply for assessment hospitals addressing other
special pathogens
Assessment Hospital
Measure (OSP)
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Assessment Hospital Exercise or Coalition Exercise, or Real-World Event
Start Time: Time in minutes and seconds of AM/DAM patient’s arrival at
assessment hospital.
Stop Time: Time in minutes and seconds of AM/DAM patient’s placement
in isolation at assessment hospital.
Less than or equal to 60 seconds
AM/DAM: Active monitoring means that the state or local public health
authority assumes responsibility for establishing regular communication
with potentially exposed individuals, including checking daily to assess for
the presence of symptoms and fever, rather than relying solely on
individuals to self-monitor and report symptoms if they develop. Direct
active monitoring means the public health authority conducts active
monitoring through direct observation.
Isolation: Precautions that are taken in a health care facility to prevent
the spread of an infectious agent from an infected or colonized patient to
susceptible persons. Isolation practices can include placement in a
private room or with a select roommate, the use of protective barriers
such as masks, gowns and gloves, a special emphasis on handwashing
(which is always very important), and special handling of contaminated
articles.
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
9
A
Activity B: Assure Readiness of Assessment Hospitals.
Time, in minutes, it takes an assessment hospital to identify and isolate a
patient suspected with Ebola or other special pathogen following
emergency department triage, as evidenced by a real-world case or nonotice exercise.
Assessment Hospital
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Assessment Hospital Exercise or Coalition Exercise, or Real-World Event
Start Time: Time of the initiation of an emergency room triage in minutes
and seconds.
Stop Time: Time the patient is placed in isolation in minutes and seconds.
Less than or equal to 5 minutes
17 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Definitions
No-notice exercise: Unannounced exercise, including drills, functional,
and full-scale exercises.
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure (Ebola)
10
A
Activity B: Assure Readiness of Assessment Hospitals.
Proportion of health care facility and emergency medical services (EMS)
workers in PPE, of those make contact with an AM/DAM suspected Ebola
patient under investigation (PUI) after health department notification to
the assessment hospital and/or EMS Agency.
Proportion of health care facility and emergency medical services (EMS)
workers in PPE that a patient suspected of an other special pathogen
makes contact with after health department notification to the
assessment hospital or EMS agency.
Assessment Hospital
Measure (OSP)
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Assessment Hospital Exercise or Coalition Exercise, or Real-World Event
Numerator: The number of health care facility and EMS workers in PPE
while in contact with an AM/DAM Ebola patient (or patient suspected of
an other special pathogen) after notification to an EMS agency or
assessment hospital.
Denominator: The total number of health care facility and EMS workers in
contact with an AM/DAM Ebola patient, after notification to an EMS
agency or assessment hospital.
100% of health care facility and EMS workers
*Note that the goal is for no health care or EMS worker to be without PPE
while in contact with an AM/DAM suspected Ebola patient after notification.
Definitions
AM/DAM: Active monitoring means that the state or local public health
authority assumes responsibility for establishing regular communication
with potentially exposed individuals, including checking daily to assess for
the presence of symptoms and fever, rather than relying solely on
individuals to self-monitor and report symptoms if they develop. Direct
active monitoring means the public health authority conducts active
monitoring through direct observation.
Notification: Communication of a PUI or suspected patient to an
assessment hospital.
Start time: The assessment hospital or EMS agency receives notification
from the health department of an incoming patient suspected of Ebola or
other special pathogen, or patient’s arrival (if no notification).
Stop time: When discharge or transfer is completed.
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
11
A
Activity B: Assure Readiness of Assessment Hospitals.
18 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Measure (Ebola)
Number of health care facility and EMS workers in PPE that an AM/DAM
suspected Ebola patient makes contact with after health department
notification until isolation.
This measure does not apply for assessment hospitals addressing other
special pathogens
Assessment Hospital
Measure (OSP)
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Assessment Hospital Exercise or Coalition Exercise, or Real-World Event
Number of health care facility and EMS workers in PPE that make contact
with an AM/DAM suspected patient between the time of notification and
isolation.
Less than or equal to 3
AM/DAM patients: Active monitoring means that the state or local public
health authority assumes responsibility for establishing regular
communication with potentially exposed individuals, including checking
daily to assess for the presence of symptoms and fever, rather than
relying solely on individuals to self-monitor and report symptoms if they
develop. Direct active monitoring means the public health authority
conducts active monitoring through direct observation.
Isolation: Precautions that are taken in a health care facility to prevent
the spread of an infectious agent from an infected or colonized patient to
susceptible persons. Isolation practices can include placement in a
private room or with a select roommate, the use of protective barriers
such as masks, gowns and gloves, a special emphasis on handwashing
(which is always very important), and special handling of contaminated
articles.
Start time: The assessment hospital or EMS agency receives notification
from the health department of an incoming patient suspected of Ebola or
other special pathogen, or patient’s arrival (if no notification).
* Note: Health care facility and EMS involve all hospital or EMS personnel in
the facility or transport unit in either clinical or non-clinical roles
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
12
A
Activity B: Assure Readiness of Assessment Hospitals.
Proportion of emergency department staff trained at least annually in
infection control and safety.
Assessment Hospital
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Measure
Goal
Assessment Hospital
Numerator: Number of emergency department staff trained at least
annually in infection control and safety.
Denominator: Total number of emergency department staff.
100% of emergency department staff
19 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Definitions
Infection control and safety: Policies and procedures used to minimize
the risk of spreading infections, especially in health care facilities (e.g.
identification/isolation principles, clinical protocols for laboratory and
patient care while in PPE, and bodily fluid clean-up/containment).
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
13
A
Activity B: Assure Readiness of Assessment Hospitals.
Proportion of intensive care unit staff trained at least annually in
infection control and safety.
Assessment Hospital
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Assessment Hospital
Numerator: Number of intensive care unit staff trained at least annually
in infection control and safety.
Denominator: Total number of intensive care unit staff.
100% of intensive care unit staff
Infection control and safety: Policies and procedures used to minimize
the risk of spreading infections, especially in health care facilities (e.g.
identification/isolation principles, clinical protocols for laboratory and
patient care while in PPE, and bodily fluid clean-up/containment).
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
14
A
Activity B: Assure Readiness of Assessment Hospitals.
Proportion of assessment hospitals that can access their PPE supply (i.e.,
know location and have sufficient quantity of unexpired supply) within 10
minutes of transfer notification or arrival, if no notification, of a patient
suspected with Ebola or other special pathogen.
Assessment Hospital
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Assessment Hospital Exercise
Numerator: Number of assessment hospitals that can access their PPE
supply within 10 minutes of transfer notification or arrival, if no
notification, of a patient suspected with Ebola or other special pathogen.
Denominator: Number of assessment hospitals in the awardee’s
jurisdiction.
100% of Assessment Hospitals
20 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Definitions
Assessment Hospital: Pre-designated facilities that are prepared to
receive and isolate a PUI for Ebola and care for the patient until an Ebola
diagnosis can be confirmed or ruled out and until discharge or transfer is
completed.
Transfer Notification: The ETC receives notification from the health
department, assessment hospital, or EMS of an incoming patient
suspected of Ebola or other special pathogen.
PPE Access: The ability to identify the location and have sufficient
quantity of unexpired supply of PPE at the patient care location(s) (e.g.
emergency department, intensive care unit, Ebola treatment unit).
Sufficient: The extent to which the availability of PPE supplies can meet
the pre-identified needs (i.e., CDC Ebola guidelines, needs assessment,
CONOPS).
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
15
A
Activity C: Develop Capabilities of Health Care Coalitions to enable their
members to care for Ebola patients.
Proportion of frontline facilities that receive information from their
coalition on the quantity and location of personal protective equipment
(PPE) supply within 8 hours of a patient under investigation’s (PUI) arrival
at a coalition member facility.
Proportion of frontline facilities that receive information from their
coalition on the quantity and location of personal protective equipment
(PPE) supply within 8 hours of a suspected patient arrival at a coalition
member facility.
Frontline Facility
Measure (Ebola)
Measure (OSP)
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Coalition Exercise
Numerator: Number of frontline facilities that receive information about
PPE quantities and locations of PPE from their coalition within 8 hours of
a patient under investigation’s (PUI) arrival at a coalition member’s
facility.
Denominator: Total number of frontline facilities in the coalition.
100% of frontline facilities
Frontline Facility: Frontline facilities are hospitals and other health care
providers that are not designated Ebola assessment hospitals or Ebola
treatment centers that have the possibility of a suspected Ebola or other
special pathogen patient encounter if a patient were to access the health
care system.
21 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
16
A
Activity C: Develop Capabilities of Health Care Coalitions to enable their
members to care for Ebola patients.
Proportion of frontline facilities that have received coalition-funded
training.
Coalition
Measure
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Coalition
Numerator: Total number of frontline facilities that received coalitionfunded training.
Denominator: Total number of frontline facilities in the coalition.
75% of frontline facilities received coalition-funded training
Frontline Facility: Frontline facilities are hospitals and other health care
providers that are not designated Ebola assessment hospitals or Ebola
treatment centers that have the possibility of a suspected Ebola patient
encounter if a patient were to access the health care system outside of
the active monitoring/direct active monitoring program.
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
17
A
Activity C: Develop Capabilities of Health Care Coalitions to enable their
members to care for Ebola patients.
Proportion of EMS agencies engaged in all phases of the Ebola and other
special pathogen preparedness process, of those that are required to
execute the awardee’s CONOPs that are.
Coalition
Measure
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Coalitions and awardee
Numerator: Number of EMS agencies engaged in all phases of Ebola and
other special pathogen preparedness process, of those required to
execute the awardee’s CONOPs.
Denominator: Number of EMS agencies that are required to execute the
awardee’s CONOPs
100% of EMS agencies
EMS agencies required to execute the awardee’s CONOPS: EMS agencies
that will provide 9-1-1 emergency medical services to suspect Ebola
patients’ homes or other locations; inter-facility EMS agencies that will
transport suspect or confirmed patients with Ebola between frontline
health care facilities, assessment hospitals, Ebola treatment centers,
regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment centers, and
airports.
All Phases of the Ebola and other special pathogen Preparedness Process:
All Phases includes planning, training, exercising, and responding with
other Ebola preparedness partners.
22 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
18
A
Activity C: Develop Capabilities of Health Care Coalitions to enable their
members to care for Ebola and other special pathogen patients.
Proportion of coalitions within an awardee’s jurisdiction that participate
in the Health care-Associated Infection (HAI)/Infection Control
advisory group
Coalition
Measure
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Awardee
Numerator: Number of coalitions participating in the HAI Advisory group.
Denominator: Number of coalitions within an Awardees jurisdiction.
80% of coalitions participate in HAI Advisory Group
HAI Advisory Group: An advisory committee charged with making
recommendations on the prevention of health care-associated infections.
Part B
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
19
B
Activity A: Supporting regional planning for the development of a regional
network for Ebola and other special pathogen patient care.
Time from confirmation of patient with Ebola or other special pathogen
at assessment hospital or ETC to notification by the health department
and/or transferring hospital (assessment hospital or ETC) to the health
department in the state/jurisdiction where the regional Ebola and other
special pathogen treatment center is located about the need for patient
transfer.
Part B awardee
Measure
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Assessment Hospital, Ebola Treatment Center or Part B Exercise
Start Time: Time of confirmation of patient with Ebola or other special
pathogen in minutes and seconds.
End Time: Time of notification by the Health Department and/or
transferring hospital (assessment hospital or ETC) to the health
department in the state/jurisdiction where the regional Ebola and other
special pathogen treatment center is located about the need for patient
transfer (in minutes and seconds).
Within 30 minutes
Confirmation: Laboratory-confirmed diagnostic evidence of Ebola virus or
other special pathogen.
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
20
B
23 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Activity
Activity A: Supporting regional planning for the development of a regional
network for Ebola and other special pathogen patient care.
Proportion of member states/jurisdictions in the region that have
participated in the development of the regional CONOPS.
Part B awardee
Measure
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Part B awardee
Numerator: Number of states/jurisdictions within a region that
participated in the development of the regional CONOPS.
Denominator: Number of states/jurisdictions in the region.
100% of states/jurisdictions in the region
Participation: The involvement in the development, implementation,
exercising, and sustainment of the regional CONOPS.
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
21
B
Activity A: Supporting regional planning for the development of a regional
network for Ebola patient care.
Proportion of states/jurisdictions in the HHS region for which a current
written and signed agreement is in place to transfer patients from
assessment hospitals or ETCs to the regional Ebola and other special
pathogen treatment center.
Part B awardee
Measure
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Part B awardee
Numerator: Number of States/jurisdictions with a current written and
signed transfer agreement.
Denominator: Number of states/jurisdictions in the HHS region.
100% of states/jurisdictions
Transfer Agreement: Written, signed document that denotes a formal
willingness to transfer patients from assessment hospitals or ETCs to
regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment centers.
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
22
B
Activity A: Supporting regional planning for the development of a regional
network for Ebola patient care.
Proportion of states/jurisdictions in the HHS region that have
demonstrated the ability to move a patient across jurisdictions by ground
or air (including ground transfers from aircraft and to facility) to a
regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment center, as evidenced
by a real-world event or participation in a multi-jurisdiction exercise.
Part B awardee
Measure
Reporting
Element
24 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Part B Exercise or Real-World Event
Numerator: Number of states/jurisdictions in the HHS region that have
demonstrated the ability to move a patient across jurisdictions by ground
or air (including ground transfers from aircraft and to facility) to a
regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment center, in a realworld event or exercise (tabletop exercise, at a minimum).
Denominator: Number of states/jurisdictions in the HHS region.
100% of states/jurisdictions
Not applicable.
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
23
B
Activity B: Developing, supporting, and maintaining regional Ebola and
other special pathogens treatment centers.
Proportion of rostered/covered staff at the regional Ebola and other
special pathogen treatment center that received quarterly training in
infection control and safety, and patient care for a patient with Ebola or
other special pathogen.
Regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment center
Measure
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment center
Numerator: Number of rostered/covered staff that received quarterly
training in infection control and safety, and patient care for a patient
with Ebola.
Denominator: Number of rostered/covered staff.
100% of rostered/covered staff
Rostered/covered staff: Individuals that have been pre-identified to
provide ongoing care and treatment to patients with confirmed Ebola or
patient under investigation (PUI).
Infection control and safety: Policies and procedures used to minimize
the risk of spreading infections, especially in health care facilities (e.g.
identification/isolation principles, clinical protocols for laboratory and
patient care while in PPE, and bodily fluid clean-up/containment).
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
24
B
Activity B: Developing, supporting, and maintaining regional Ebola and
other special pathogens treatment centers.
Time it takes for the on-call team to report to the unit upon notification
of an incoming patient with Ebola, as evidenced by a real-world event or
no-notice exercise.
Regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment center
Measure
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Part B Exercise or Real-World Event
25 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Metrics
Start Time: Time (in hours and minutes) of notification of on-call team
that a confirmed patient with Ebola is being transferred to their facility
in a real-world event or no-notice exercise.
Stop Time: Time (in hours and minutes) for the on-call team to report to
the unit.
4 hours
On-call team: Group of individuals that are pre-designated to staff the
Ebola treatment unit at the time of the patient’s scheduled arrival.
Notification: The regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment
center receives notification from the health department or another
health care facility that a patient confirmed with Ebola or other special
pathogen is being transferred to their facility.
No-notice exercise: Unannounced exercise, including drills, functional,
and full-scale exercises.
Goal
Definitions
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
25
B
Activity B: Developing, supporting, and maintaining regional Ebola and
other special pathogens treatment centers.
Proportion of rostered/covered staff contacted by the regional Ebola and
other special pathogen treatment center within 4 hours upon notification
of an incoming patient with Ebola, as evidenced by a real-world event or
no-notice exercise.
Regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment center
Measure
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Part B Exercise or Real-World Event
Numerator: Number of rostered/covered staff contacted by the regional
Ebola and other special pathogen treatment center within 4 hours upon
notification of an incoming patient with Ebola or other special pathogen.
Denominator: Total number of rostered/covered staff at the regional
Ebola and other special pathogen treatment center.
100% of rostered/covered staff
Notification: The regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment
center receives notification from the health department or another
health care facility that a confirmed patient with Ebola is being
transferred to their facility.
Rostered/covered staff: Individuals that have been pre-identified to
provide ongoing care and treatment to patients with confirmed Ebola or
patient under investigation (PUI).
Contact: The hospital successfully contacted the staff member (and
received a response) by phone, email, or automated alert system.
No-notice exercise: Unannounced exercise, including drills, functional,
and full-scale exercises.
26 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
26
B
Activity B: Developing, supporting, and maintaining regional Ebola and
other special pathogens treatment centers.
Time until a regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment center
is ready to admit a patient confirmed with Ebola and other special
pathogen (adult or pediatric patient), as evidenced by an exercise or
actual patient transfer.
Regional Ebola and other special pathogen treatment center
Measure
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goals
Definitions
Part B Exercise or actual patient transfer
Start Time: Time (in hours and minutes) that the regional Ebola and other
special pathogen treatment center is notified of the need to transfer and
admit a patient with confirmed Ebola or other special pathogen.
Stop Time: Time (in hours and minutes) when the regional Ebola and
other special pathogen treatment center is ready to admit the patient.
Within 8 hours of notification
Not applicable.
27 | P a g e
�Part A: IMPACT
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
27a
A
Impact
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Goal
Metrics
Please rate your level of agreement with each of the following
statements:
A. My state/jurisdiction, including coalitions, frontline health facilities,
and inter-facility transport providers, was prepared for an Ebola event
in or before July 2014.
Awardee
Definitions
Awardee
N/A
1 – Not prepared
2 – Slightly prepared
3 – Moderately prepared
4 – Adequately prepared
5 – Very prepared
Frontline Facility: Frontline facilities are hospitals and other health care
providers that are not designated Ebola assessment hospitals or Ebola
treatment centers that have the possibility of a suspected Ebola patient
encounter if a patient were to access the health care system outside of
the active monitoring/direct active monitoring program.
Inter-facility transport providers: Staff that supports the transport
between two entities, for example, between an assessment hospital and
an ETC.
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
27b
A
Impact
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Goal
Please rate your level of agreement with each of the following
statements:
B. My state/jurisdiction, including coalitions, frontline health facilities,
and inter-facility transport providers, is prepared for an Ebola event
after July 2014
Awardee
Awardee
Mean above 4.0 or 100% of awardees are Adequately Prepared or Very
Prepared
28 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Metrics
1 – Not prepared
2 – Slightly prepared
3 – Moderately prepared
4 – Adequately prepared
5 – Very prepared
Frontline Facility: Frontline facilities are hospitals and other health care
providers that are not designated Ebola assessment hospitals or Ebola
treatment centers that have the possibility of a suspected Ebola patient
encounter if a patient were to access the health care system outside of
the active monitoring/direct active monitoring program.
Inter-facility transport providers: Staff that supports the transport
between two entities, for example, between an assessment hospital and
an ETC.
Definitions
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
28a
A
Impact
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Please provide a written response in 250 words or less:
A. Describe the impact of the Hospital Preparedness Program Ebola
Preparedness and Response Activities Funding) on the overall
preparedness of your state/jurisdiction for an Ebola or other special
pathogen event. This may include capabilities developed as a result of
funding or guidance from this program or other synergies you
experienced. In addition, describe any impacts translate to allhazards preparedness.
Awardee
Awardee
Free Text Narrative
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
28b
A
Impact
Reporting
Data Source
Please provide a written response in 250 words or less:
B. Describe any remaining gaps in the overall preparedness of your
state/jurisdiction for an Ebola or other special pathogen event. Note:
Gaps are not limited to the existing capabilities.
Awardee
Awardee
29 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Free Text Narrative
Not Applicable
Not Applicable
Part B: IMPACT
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
29a
B
Impact
Please rate your level of agreement with each of the following
statements:
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
A. My region was prepared for an Ebola event in July 2014.
Awardee
Goal
Definitions
Awardee
1 – Not prepared
2 – Slightly prepared
3 – Moderately prepared
4 – Adequately prepared
5 – Very prepared
N/A
Not Applicable
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
29b
B
Impact
Please rate your level of agreement with each of the following
statements:
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
B. My region is now prepared for an Ebola event.
Awardee
Awardee
1 – Not prepared
2 – Slightly prepared
3 – Moderately prepared
4 – Adequately prepared
5 – Very prepared
Mean above 4.0 or 100% of awardees Adequately Prepared or Very
Prepared
Not Applicable
30 | P a g e
�Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
30a
B
Impact
Please provide a written response in 250 words or less:
A. Describe the impact of the Hospital Preparedness Program Ebola
Reporting
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Preparedness and Response Activities Funding) on the overall
preparedness of your region for an Ebola or other special pathogen
event. This may include capabilities developed as a result of funding
or guidance from this program or other synergies you experienced. In
addition, describe any impacts translate to all hazards preparedness.
Awardee
Awardee
Free Text Narrative
N/A
Not Applicable
Data Element
Description
Number
Part
Activity
Measure
30b
B
Impact
Please provide a written response in 250 words or less:
Reporting
Element
Data Source
Metrics
Goal
Definitions
Describe any remaining gaps in the overall preparedness of your region
for an Ebola or other special pathogen event. Note: Gaps are not limited
to existing capabilities.
Awardee
Awardee
Free Text Narrative
N/A
Not Applicable
31 | P a g e
�Glossary
All Phases of the Ebola and Other Special Pathogen Preparedness Process: All Phases
includes planning, training, exercising, and responding with other Ebola preparedness
partners.
Actively monitored or directly actively monitored (AM/DAM): Active monitoring means that
the state or local public health authority assumes responsibility for establishing regular
communication with potentially exposed individuals, including checking daily to assess for the
presence of symptoms and fever, rather than relying solely on individuals to self-monitor and
report symptoms if they develop. Direct active monitoring means the public health authority
conducts active monitoring through direct observation.
Assessment Hospital: Pre-designated facilities that are prepared to receive and isolate a PUI
for Ebola and care for the patient until an Ebola diagnosis can be confirmed or ruled out and
until discharge or transfer is completed.
Confirmation: Laboratory-confirmed diagnostic evidence of Ebola virus or other special
pathogen.
Contact: The hospital successfully contacted the staff member (and received a response) by
phone, email, or automated alert system.
Doffing: The removal of used PPE; this is a high-risk process that requires a structured
procedure, a trained observer, and a designated area for removal to ensure protection.
Donning: The administration or act of putting on PPE.
EMS agencies required to execute the awardee’s CONOPS: EMS agencies that will provide 91-1 emergency medical services to suspect Ebola patients’ homes or other locations; interfacility EMS agencies that will transport suspect or confirmed patients with Ebola between
frontline health care facilities, assessment hospitals, Ebola treatment centers, regional Ebola
and other special pathogen treatment centers, and airports.
EMS/ Inter-facility transport unit: Entities identified in the awardee’s CONOPS responsible
for transport of an actively monitored or directly actively monitored (AM/DAM) patient to an
Ebola assessment facility or to provide inter-facility transport (i.e., from a frontline facility to
an Ebola assessment/treatment facility or from an Ebola assessment facility to an Ebola
treatment facility).
Frontline Facility: Frontline facilities are hospitals and other health care providers that are
not designated Ebola assessment hospitals or Ebola treatment centers that have the
possibility of a suspected Ebola patient encounter if a patient were to access the health care
system outside of the active monitoring/direct active monitoring program.
Health care Associated Infection (HAI)/Infection Control Advisory Group: An advisory
committee charged with making recommendations on the prevention of health careassociated infections.
32 | P a g e
�Infection control and safety: Policies and procedures used to minimize the risk of spreading
infections, especially in health care facilities (e.g. identification/isolation principles, clinical
protocols for laboratory and patient care while in PPE, and bodily fluid cleanup/containment).
Inter-facility transport providers: Staff that supports the transport and patient care during
transport between two locations, for example, between an assessment hospital and an ETC.
Isolation: Precautions that are taken in a health care facility to prevent the spread of an
infectious agent from an infected or colonized patient to susceptible persons. Isolation
practices can include placement in a private room or with a select roommate, the use of
protective barriers such as masks, gowns and gloves, a special emphasis on hand washing
(which is always very important), and special handling of contaminated articles.
Just-In-Time (JIT) training: Training that is conducted to as a refresher to prepare for a
patient with Ebola or other special pathogen, including donning and doffing, facility-specific
protocols and procedures, and care/treatment protocols.
No-notice exercise: Unannounced exercise, including drills, functional, and full-scale
exercises.
Notification: The definition of notification may vary relative to the context of the measure.
On-call team: Group of individuals that are pre-designated to staff the Ebola treatment unit
at the time of the patient’s scheduled arrival.
Participation: The involvement in the development, implementation, or sustainment of the
regional CONOPS.
PPE: Devices or equipment designated to provide protection while providing care for a
confirmed or suspected patient with Ebola.
PPE Access: The ability to identify the location and have sufficient quantity of unexpired
supply of PPE at the patient care location (e.g., emergency department, intensive care unit,
Ebola treatment unit).
Sufficient: The extent to which the availability of PPE supplies meets the pre-identified
needs (i.e., CDC Ebola guidelines, needs assessment, CONOPS).
Rostered/covered Staff: Individuals that have been pre-identified to provide ongoing care
and treatment to patients with confirmed Ebola or patient under investigation (PUI). The use
of the terms “rostered” or “covered” varies from facility to facility.
Trained: Individuals who have completed Ebola and other special pathogen infection control
and safety training to specifically include proper donning (putting on PPE) and doffing (taking
off PPE) methods. See CDC PPE guidance.
33 | P a g e
�Transfer Agreement: Written, signed document that denotes a formal willingness to transfer
patients from assessment hospitals or ETCs to regional Ebola and other special pathogen
treatment centers.
34 | P a g e
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hospital Preparedness Program (HPP) Measure Manual: Implementation Guidance for Ebola Preparedness Measures (May 2017)
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Hospital Preparedness Program (HPP) Measure Manual: Implementation Guidance for Ebola Preparedness Measures (May 2017)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ASPR
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
Hospital Preparedness Program (HPP) Measure Manual: Implementation Guidance for Ebola Preparedness Measures (May 2017)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017-05-01
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2023-10-31 by J. Mundy, removed from phe website.
Archived
Assessment Facility
CONOPS
Ebola
Federal
Frontline Facility
Healthcare Coalition
Public Health
R-Lead
Regional Treatment Center
Special Pathogens
State Treatment Center
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
http://www.who.int/ebola/en/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
World Health Organization Ebola Virus Disease Information
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
WHO
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
WHO | World Health Organization
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-01-08
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-12-07 general asset review - IPC
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-12-10
Ebola
Epidemic
Follow up
Infection Prevention and Control
Outbreaks
Patient Care
Public Health
R-IPC
Survivors
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
http://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/mers/index.html
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
CDC MERS-CoV
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
MERS-CoV | Home | Middle East Respiratory Syndrome | Coronavirus | CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-01-08
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-12-07 general asset review - IPC
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-12-10
Coronavirus
Federal
Identify
Infection Prevention and Control
Inform
Isolate
Lab
Laboratory
MERS-CoV
Patient Care
Person Under Investigation (PUI)
Public Health
Quarantine
R-IPC
Respiratory Pathogen
Specimen Collection
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://asprtracie.hhs.gov/technical-resources/44/SARS-MERS/44
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
ASPR TRACIE SARS/MERS
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ASPR TRACIE
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
SARS/MERS | Technical Resources | TRACIE
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-01-08
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-12-07 general asset review - IPC
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-12-10
Coronavirus
Federal
Identify
Infection Prevention and Control
Inform
Isolate
Lab
Laboratory
MERS-CoV
Patient Care
Person Under Investigation (PUI)
Public Health
Quarantine
R-IPC
Respiratory Pathogen
SARS
Specimen Collection
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/19abe3d83dc05c0ccdd1270c93f43e4a.png
f4a4f48ef9e079fa45404c12852ebe1d
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
http://emorymedicinemagazine.emory.edu/issues/2018/winter/briefs/after_ebola_outbreak_ppe/index.html
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
After the Ebola Outbreak: Lessons Learned
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Loftus, Mary (editor), Emory Medicine
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
In the wake of caring for four patients with active Ebola virus in 2014, Emory clinicians have taken stock of lessons learned in infectious disease prevention, therapeutic care, and health aftereffects and are sharing that information broadly with other health care professionals and first responders.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-02-20
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-01-10 by PPE group Shawn Gibbs
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-01-10
Critical Care
Ebola
Experimental Drugs
Follow up
Infection Prevention and Control
Nursing
Patient Care
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Prophylaxis
R-PPE
Survivors
Therapeutics
Training
Translational Research
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.kff.org/infographic/ebola-characteristics-and-comparisons-to-other-infectious-diseases/
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Ebola: Five Key Questions
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
Questions about Ebola explained
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-05-14
Contact Transmission
Droplet Transmission
Ebola
R-Gen
Therapeutics
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
http://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ebola-virus-disease
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Ebola Virus Disease
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
WHO Ebola Virus Disease fact sheet.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
WHO
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-02-12
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-12-07 general asset review - IPC
Relation
A related resource
Y
Y - D0.1IC/D0.2IC Qualtrics # 231, original # 17a (additional resources)
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-12-10
Diagnosis
Ebola
Epidemiology
Infection Prevention and Control
Public Health
Quarantine
R-IPC
Treatment and Care
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
Local URL
The URL of the local directory containing all assets of the website
http://www.nextstrain.org/ebola
URL
http://www.nextstrain.org/ebola
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Nextstrain - Genomic epidemiology of the 2013-2016 West African Ebola epidemic
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Nextstrain
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2019-12-14
Description
An account of the resource
<p>Nextstrain is an open-source project to harness the scientific and public health potential of pathogen genome data. Datasets are available on ebola, flu, enterovirus, WNV, tb, lassa, mumps, zikka, dengue, and measles.</p>
<iframe width="100%" height="400" src="https://nextstrain.org/ebola" title="Nextstrain chart of Ebola"></iframe>
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Nextstrain is built by Trevor Bedford, Richard Neher, James Hadfield Barney Potter, John Huddleston, Sidney Bell, Colin Megill, Emma Hodcroft, Pavel Sagulenko and Charlton Callender
Ebola
Epidemiology
Public Health
R-Gen
Virology
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
http://who.maps.arcgis.com/apps/opsdashboard/index.html#/e70c3804f6044652bc37cce7d8fcef6c
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Ebola dashboard RDC (EVD dashboard DRC)
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
Dashboard showing the data from the DRC 2018-2019 Ebola outbreak in graphs, maps, and timelines. <br /><br />BON A SAVOIR (GOOD TO KNOW):<br /><br /> Visualisez la cartographie animée 1 année après /Check out 1 year of Ebola animated maps <br /><br />Certaines données géographiques de cette carte sont en développement. L'utilisation qui pourrait être faite des informations fournies dans ce dashbord n'engage ni le Ministère de la Santé, ni l'OMS. <br />Some geographic data on this map is under development. The use that could be made of the information provided in this dashboard is not binding on the Ministry of Health or WHO. <br /><br />The boundaries and names shown and the designations used on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. <br /><br />Copyright: WHO HEALTH EMERGENCIES PROGRAMME
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
WHO Africa
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2019-09-18
Ebola
Outbreaks
Outcomes
R-Gen
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/6ddba3c532b7f9c57c923322b4481f5c.png
700012660d4898bcf6c588d95d719479
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Q&A on coronaviruses
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
A page of questions and answers about coronaviruses. Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that are known to cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). (WHO). This page is available in <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/items/show/658">French</a>.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
WHO
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-01-09
Coronavirus
COVID-19
MERS-CoV
R-Gen
SARS
Vaccine Study
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/adc01478dcd1b050259b155de3c2fffd.png
18a4a1b6d309f2171b8afb9008e0b02d
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://nextstrain.org/groups/blab/sars-like-cov
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Nextstrain - Phylogeny of SARS-like betacoronaviruses including novel coronavirus from Wuhan
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
Nextstrain is an open-source project to harness the scientific and public health potential of pathogen genome data. Datasets are available on ebola, flu, enterovirus, WNV, tb, lassa, mumps, zikka, dengue, ncov, and measles.<br /><span>Phylogeny of SARS-like betacoronaviruses including novel coronavirus from Wuhan using data generated by the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & School of Public Health, the National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, the Institute of Pathogen Biology, and the Wuhan Institute of Virology shared via GISAID</span><br /><br /><iframe width="320" height="480" title="Nextstrain - Phylogeny of SARS-like betacoronaviruses" src="https://nextstrain.org/groups/blab/sars-like-cov"></iframe>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Nextstrain
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-01-16
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Epidemiology
Public Health
R-Gen
SARS
Virology
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/1b3418e5adc597f371e2c87f320a0ce5.png
af70f7bf37be4593e8a00fc3e8050607
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://nextstrain.org/ncov
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Nextstrain - Genomic epidemiology of novel coronavirus (nCoV)
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
Nextstrain is an open-source project to harness the scientific and public health potential of pathogen genome data. Datasets are available on ebola, flu, enterovirus, WNV, tb, lassa, mumps, zikka, dengue, ncov, and measles.<br /><span>Genomic epidemiology of novel coronavirus (nCoV) using data generated by Fudan University, China CDC, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Thai National Institute of Health shared via GISAID</span><br /><br /><iframe width="320" height="480" title="Nextstrain - Genomic epidemiology of novel coronavirus" src="https://nextstrain.org/ncov"></iframe>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Nextstrain
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-01-19
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Epidemiology
Public Health
R-Gen
Virology
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/915d4972d700dc78d9b542515c528597.png
aa8b5f1331f99724b26c05e056c227bf
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://nextstrain.org/groups/blab/beta-cov
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Nextstrain - Genetic diversity of betacoronaviruses including novel coronavirus from Wuhan
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
Nextstrain is an open-source project to harness the scientific and public health potential of pathogen genome data. Datasets are available on ebola, flu, enterovirus, WNV, tb, lassa, mumps, zikka, dengue, ncov, and measles.<br /><span>Genetic diversity of betacoronaviruses including novel coronavirus from Wuhan using data generated by Yong-Zhen Zhang (Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center) and colleagues</span><br /><br /><iframe width="320" height="480" title="Nextstrain - Genetic diversity of betacoronaviruses" src="https://nextstrain.org/groups/blab/beta-cov"></iframe>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Nextstrain
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-01-11
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Epidemiology
MERS-CoV
Public Health
R-Gen
SARS
Virology
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.sccm.org/Clinical-Resources/Disaster/COVID19
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
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Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM)
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
The Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) is rapidly developing and deploying resources to respond to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This page includes COVID-19 Response Resources and Guidelines.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-03-27
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2023-03-31 - by J Mundy - updated URL
2019-nCoV
Checklist
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Guidance Document
Preparedness
R-Gen
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.aacn.org/newsroom/coronavirus-update
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Coronavirus (COVID-19) Update
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
This page provides COVID-19 resources for nurses including AACN Clinical Resources and Advocacy.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
American Association of Critical Care Nurses (AACN)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-03-24
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Critical Care
Nursing
R-Gen
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://emorycovid19.org/for-students/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
COVID-19 Resource page for Emory Med Students
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
Check out student-led responses to COVID-19 at Emory and around the country
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-04
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Emory
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
R-Gen
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/e9892b68a0f1356322fe68d4187e1186.png
f4a4f48ef9e079fa45404c12852ebe1d
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
http://www.emoryhealthcare.org/c19protocols
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Emory COVID-19: Patient Management Protocols
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
Emory Healthcare Patient Management Protocols for COVID-19
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Emory
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-04
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2024-03-27 R-Lead – never reviewed – make due in 6 months
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-11-27
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
R-Lead
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/548c4afc50d63e9cd70614c427157632.png
ba0021729ce7891746775c0f2e9265a3
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.unmc.edu/coronavirus/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
UNMC: Coronavirus (COVID-19) Resources
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
UNMC Coronavirus (COVID-19) Resources Page
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
University of Nebraska Medical Center / Nebraska Medicine
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-04
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
R-Gen
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://asprtracie.hhs.gov/covid-19
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Novel Coronavirus Resources
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
This page highlights resources identified or developed to address current response and recovery operations to novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19).
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
ASPR TRACIE
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-04-27
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
R-Gen
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/index.html
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Information for Healthcare Professionals about Coronavirus (COVID-19)
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
Overall resource page from the CDC for COVID-19.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-04-23
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
R-Gen
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/52caab230f2a1b986094d6c85509e6e9.png
700012660d4898bcf6c588d95d719479
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Country & Technical Guidance - Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
Various topics of technical guidance relevant to COVID-19.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
WHO
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-06-23
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
R-Gen
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/0f7b2d1b3e41699b6e09000d1738c5f4.png
1b6b01a22c0ec5517f95feb53db57c40
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/monkeypox
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Mpox Fact Sheet
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
Information on key facts, outbreaks, transmission, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and vaccine, the natural host of the mpox virus, prevention, reducing the risk of zoonotic transmission, reducing the risk of human-to-human transmission, preventing mpox expansion through restrictions on animal trade, how mpox relates to smallpox, and the WHO response.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
WHO
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2019-12-09
Mpox
R-Gen
Special Pathogens
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/e27bd8f3a3dabb3d5ec2bb7361063b97.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/about.html
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
About Mpox
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
General information about Mpox.<br /><br />Mpox is a rare disease that is caused by infection with mpox virus. Mpox virus belongs to the <em>Orthopoxvirus</em> genus in the family <em>Poxviridae</em>. The <em>Orthopoxvirus</em> genus also includes variola virus (the cause of smallpox), vaccinia virus (used in the smallpox vaccine), and cowpox virus (CDC).
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2021-07-16
CDC
Mpox
R-Gen
Special Pathogens
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/5d3b950eeea1bef59dcfa434bb39e0be.png
1b6b01a22c0ec5517f95feb53db57c40
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.canada.ca/en/public-health/services/laboratory-biosafety-biosecurity/pathogen-safety-data-sheets-risk-assessment/monkeypox-virus.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Pathogen Safety Data Sheets: Infectious Substances – Monkeypox virus
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
<p><strong>PATHOGEN SAFETY DATA SHEET - INFECTIOUS SUBSTANCES</strong></p>
SECTION I - INFECTIOUS AGENT<br />SECTION II – HAZARD IDENTIFICATION<br />SECTION III - DISSEMINATION<br />SECTION IV - STABILITY AND VIABILITY<br />SECTION V – FIRST AID / MEDICAL<br />SECTION VI - LABORATORY HAZARDS<br />SECTION VII – EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION<br />SECTION VIII - HANDLING AND STORAGE<br />SECTION IX – REGULATORY AND OTHER INFORMATION
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Public Health Agency of Canada
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2011-02-18
Mpox
R-Gen
Special Pathogens
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/6d003b96e1a11464030375e44241ac1a.png
22346d228eb638376a055d691a29b32b
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/podcast/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Transmission Interrupted Podcast
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
A podcast by NETEC, the National Emerging Special Pathogens Education and Training Center, presented in cooperation with the CDC and funded by ASPR, the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response. <br />NETEC's podcast, covering a variety of topics. It includes the three-part debut series, with hosts Jill Morgan, RN, Emory Healthcare, and Patricia Ann Tennill, RN, BSN, Associate Director of Nursing, Bellevue Health & Hospitals, called <em>Viruses, Mutations, and Variants. Oh My!<br /><br /><br /></em>
<h3><strong>Topics Covered:</strong></h3>
<ul>
<li>Kids Coping With COVID-19: Adolescents and Young Adults</li>
<li>Kids Coping with COVID-19</li>
<li>COVID-19 Vaccines, Not Just For Adults</li>
<li>COVID-19: Pregnancy and Vaccines</li>
<li>Back to School: Securing Child Health in the Era of COVID-19 and the Delta Variant</li>
<li>Viruses, Mutations, and Variations. Oh My! Episode Three: Variants Explained</li>
<li>Viruses, Mutations, and Variations. Oh My! Episode Two: Viral Mutations</li>
<li>Viruses, Mutations, and Variations. Oh My! Episode One: Viruses and Viral Replication</li>
</ul>
<br />
<h3>Find on:</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://netec.org/podcast/">NETEC's podcast page</a></li>
<li><a href="https://open.spotify.com/show/0ayS9BaRDeBgga7M5Kvd6Z?si=dMDPxw3OS0CLl6UYNBAEBg&dl_branch=1&nd=1" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Spotify</a></li>
<li><a href="https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/viruses-mutations-variants-oh-my-episode-one-viruses/id1580134183?i=1000531270722" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Apple</a></li>
<li><a href="https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/f43d297e-1805-4d32-ab97-bbe70767f3db/transmission-interrupted" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Amazon</a></li>
</ul>
<p></p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2021-08-06
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2024-03-27 R-Lead – never reviewed – make due in 6 months
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-11-27
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
R-Lead
SARS-CoV-2
Virology
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/25dd695aa15a518fd2e0f8920c770faa.png
1b6b01a22c0ec5517f95feb53db57c40
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/marburg-virus-disease
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Marburg virus disease Fact Sheet
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
This WHO fact sheet covers Marburg virus disease:<br />
<ul>
<li>Key facts</li>
<li>Transmission</li>
<li>Symptoms of Marburg virus disease</li>
<li>Diagnosis</li>
<li>Treatment and vaccines</li>
<li>Marburg virus in animals</li>
<li>Prevention and control</li>
<li>Controlling infection in healthcare settings</li>
<li>Marburg viral persistence in in people recovering from Marburg virus disease</li>
<li>WHO response</li>
</ul>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
WHO
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2021-08-07
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-12-07 general asset review - IPC
Relation
A related resource
Y
Y - D0.1IC/D0.2IC Qualtrics # 231, original # 17a (additional resources)
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-12-10
Contact Transmission
Diagnosis
Infection Prevention and Control
Marburg
Occupational Exposure
Occupational Health
Outcomes
R-IPC
R-PM
Treatment and Care
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
Zoonotic
-
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1b6b01a22c0ec5517f95feb53db57c40
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://nextstrain.org/community/pauloluniyi/lassa/l
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Nextstrain - Real-time tracking of Lassa virus evolution 2015-2018 Outbreak in Nigeria
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
Nextstrain is an open-source project to harness the scientific and public health potential of pathogen genome data. It provides a continually-updated view of publicly available data alongside powerful analytic and visualization tools for use by the community. The goal is to aid epidemiological understanding and improve outbreak response. <iframe width="100%" height="500" title="Nextstrain Lassa" src="https://nextstrain.org/community/pauloluniyi/lassa/l"></iframe>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Nextstrain
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
Built with <a href="https://github.com/pauloluniyi/lassa" target="_blank" class="byline__BylineLink-sc-wamdqn-1 MujGV" rel="noreferrer noopener">pauloluniyi/lassa</a>. Maintained by Paul Oluniyi, ACEGID Redeemer's University.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-08-07
Lassa
Outbreaks
R-Res&Pub
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
Virology
-
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e413af79e9db5c92478b6da466700819
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2022/06/06/what-you-need-to-know-about-lassa-fever/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Lassa Fever: What You Need to Know as Outbreaks Continue
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
This blog post covers the basics of what you need to know about Lassa Fever: Transmission, Symptoms, and Signs.<br /><br />Lassa fever is an animal-borne, or zoonotic, acute viral hemorrhagic illness endemic in parts of West Africa including Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea, and Nigeria. Neighboring countries are also at risk, as the animal vector for Lassa virus, the “multimammate rat” (Mastomys natalensis) is distributed throughout the region (<a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/lassa/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">CDC</a>).
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-06-06
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-07-20
Blog
Emergency Management
Identify
Lassa
Outbreaks
-
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ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/nipah/index.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Nipah Virus (NiV)
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic virus, meaning that it can spread between animals and people. Fruit bats, also called flying foxes, are the animal reservoir for NiV in nature. Nipah virus is also known to cause illness in pigs and people. Infection with NiV is associated with encephalitis (swelling of the brain) and can cause mild to severe illness and even death. Outbreaks occur almost annually in parts of Asia, primarily Bangladesh and India.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-10-19
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-01-31
Contact Transmission
Diagnosis
Droplet Transmission
Nipah (NiV)
R-Gen
Treatment and Care
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/c833d4c5e1e862cd13e73555d0b90caf.png
a2b405ff56fb777b17f2c76d63c53b35
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2023/02/10/what-you-need-to-know-about-nipah-virus/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
What You Need to Know about Nipah Virus
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
This NETEC blog post discusses what Nipah Virus is, signs and symptoms of Nipah Virus Infection, clinical care for patients infected with Nipah Virus, recommended Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), infection control measures for Nipah Virus Infection, testing, and additional resources.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-02-10
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-02-10
Clinical Care
Infection Prevention and Control
Laboratory Testing
Nipah (NiV)
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-T&C
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/5584fa9b402567b06d409725d4be62d7.png
9057c3a2be2a4695cfedffef56469565
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
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https://www.unmc.edu/healthsecurity/transmission/
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UNMC — Global Center for Health Security — THE TRANSMISSION
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Timely and relevant global health security news curated by Global Center for Health Security (GCHS).
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University of Nebraska Medical Center / Nebraska Medicine
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2023
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2024-04-01
COVID-19
Influenza
Marburg
R-EM
Special Pathogens
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/7e1ad33ee3a3d6daac3238eb681c3fea.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
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<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
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https://www.cdc.gov/outbreaks/#
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CDC Current Outbreak List
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Infectious disease outbreaks currently being reported on by CDC. Listings include those outbreaks for which content is currently published on the CDC website.
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CDC
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2022-12-30
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Y - D0.1IIT/D0.2IIT - Qualtrics # 703
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2024-04-05
Outbreaks
R-IIT
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/f1877c54185c65bbc840c84b87089768.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
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<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
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https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices
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Travel Health Notices
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<p>Travel Health Notices inform travelers and clinicians about current health issues that impact travelers’ health, like disease outbreaks, special events or gatherings, and natural disasters, in destinations around the world. See <a href="https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/notices#travel-notice-definitions">types of travel notices</a>.</p>
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CDC
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2023-03-27
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Y - D0.1IIT/D0.2IIT - Qualtrics # 703
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2024-04-05
Outbreaks
R-IIT
Travel Screening
-
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<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
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https://www.who.int/health-topics/plague
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Health Topics - Plague
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General
Description
An account of the resource
<p>Plague is an infectious disease caused by <em>Yersinia pestis </em>bacteria, usually found in small mammals and their fleas. The disease is transmitted between animals via their fleas and, as it is a zoonotic bacterium, it can also transmit from animals to humans.</p>
<p>Humans can be contaminated by the bite of infected fleas, through direct contact with infected materials, or by inhalation. Plague can be a very severe disease in people, particularly in its septicaemic and pneumonic forms, with a case-fatality ratio of 30% - 100% if left untreated.</p>
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WHO
Date
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2023
Coverage
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2024-10-19
Plague
R-IPC
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/df2a924166b3b48d12de41bf4022ee7b.pdf
d26f2840f436ff138ec15ad595f144ba
PDF Text
Text
PRESS RELEASE
NETEC provides free, ongoing technical support and assistance to
health care facilities in response to the outbreak of Mpox disease in the
Democratic Republic of Congo.
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
12/7/23
Since January 1, 2023, there have been a total of 12,569 suspected Mpox cases, including 581
suspected Mpox deaths (case fatality ratio: 4.6%), reported in the Democratic Republic of
Congo (DRC).
The National Emerging Special Pathogens Training and Education Center (NETEC) offers
support for U.S. health care agencies that encounter or may encounter a case of Mpox virus
infection with free, ongoing guidance and resources. NETEC experts are available to provide
free consultations and technical support services through NETEC’s online service request
portal and at info@netec.org.
Mpox disease is caused by the Mpox Virus (MPXV), of which there are two known clades: clade I,
previously known as the Congo Basin clade or the Central African clade; and clade II,
previously called the West African clade. Clade II is responsible for the global Mpox epidemic
that began in 2022. The current outbreak in the DRC is clade I.
Clade I MPXV is known for more severe clinical manifestations compared to other clades. This
variant is characterized by a higher rate of transmission, increased virulence, and a greater
potential for causing serious health complications. The symptoms typically include fever, rash,
and swollen lymph nodes, and can lead to more severe outcomes, especially in
immunocompromised individuals.
Due to its heightened virulence and transmission potential, waste involving clade I MPXV is
classified as a Category A infectious substance. The categorization underlines the need for
high-level precautions in health care settings and laboratories to manage the risk associated
with this outbreak.
“NETEC is working with federal partners and Regional Emerging Special Pathogen Treatment
Centers (RESPTCs) across the country to ensure proper management of any patient suspected
of infection with clade I MPXV. We remind all health care facilities to identify, isolate, and
inform – and to make use of the extensive resources available on the NETEC website,” notes
Aneesh Mehta, Co-Principal Investigator for NETEC at Emory University.
Mpox is a rare but potentially serious viral illness that typically begins with flu-like symptoms,
followed by a rash that often begins on the face and then spreads to other parts of the body.
National Emerging Special Pathogens Education and Training Center | NETEC | www.netec.org | info@netec.org
�Some individuals have had genital lesions, and the rash may be hard to distinguish from
syphilis, herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, chancroid, varicella zoster, and other more
common infections.
Guidance issued by the CDC on December 7 advises that while cases of clade I MPXV have not
been reported in the United States at this time, clinicians should be aware of the possibility of
clade I MPXV in travelers who have been in DRC. Clinicians should notify their
state/jurisdictional health department or local health department if they have a patient
with Mpox-like symptoms, which may include a diffuse rash and lymphadenopathy, and recent
travel to DRC. Clinicians should also submit lesion specimens for clade-specific testing for these
patients.
Vaccines (e.g., JYNNEOS, ACAM2000) and other medical countermeasures (e.g., tecovirimat,
brincidofovir, and vaccinia immune globulin intravenous) are available and expected to be
effective for both clade I and clade II MPXV infections. However, vaccination coverage in the
United States remains low, with only one in four people who are eligible to receive the vaccine
having received both doses of JYNNEOS. CDC recommends that clinicians encourage
vaccination for patients who are eligible.
For more about Mpox or to request technical assistance, visit NETEC.org and the CDC.
###
WORD COUNT:
548
MEDIA CONTACT:
Lisa Stone, Senior Marketing Manager
Email: communications@netec.org
Phone: 571-235-3265 (Mobile)
ABOUT NETEC
Established in 2015 by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of the
Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response (ASPR) and the Centers for Disease
Control and Prevention (CDC) following the successful treatment of Ebola patients in 2014,
NETEC’s mission is to set the gold standard for special pathogen preparedness and response
across health systems in the U.S. with the goals of driving best practices, closing knowledge
gaps, and developing innovative resources.
NETEC leverages the unique expertise, resources, and experience of regional partners and
federal agencies to assess health care facility readiness, train providers, provide technical
assistance and build a rapid research infrastructure to combat emerging special pathogens,
building a sustainable infrastructure and culture of readiness for managing suspected and
confirmed special pathogen incidents across the United States public health and health care
delivery systems. Visit netec.org for more information.
National Emerging Special Pathogens Education and Training Center | NETEC | www.netec.org | info@netec.org
�
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Title
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Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
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https://netec.org/2023/12/07/press-release-netec-provides-free-ongoing-technical-support-and-assistance-to-health-care-facilities-in-response-to-the-outbreak-of-mpox-disease-in-the-democratic-republic-of-congo/
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PRESS RELEASE: NETEC provides technical support and assistance to health care facilities in response to the DRC Mpox outbreak
Subject
The topic of the resource
General
Description
An account of the resource
This blog post covers a press release. <br /><br />PRESS RELEASE: NETEC provides free, ongoing technical support and assistance to health care facilities in response to the outbreak of Mpox disease in the Democratic Republic of Congo<br /><br />
<p>Since <a href="https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2023-DON493" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">January 1, 2023, there have been a total of 12,569 suspected Mpox cases</a>, including 581 suspected Mpox deaths (case fatality ratio: 4.6%), reported in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). </p>
<p>The National Emerging Special Pathogens Training and Education Center (NETEC) offers support for U.S. health care agencies that encounter, or may encounter, a case of Mpox virus infection with <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mpox/mpox" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">free, ongoing guidance and resources.</a> NETEC experts are available to provide free consultations and technical support services through NETEC’s <a href="https://netec.org/consulting-services/ask-our-experts/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">online service request portal</a> and at <a href="mailto:info@netec.org" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">info@netec.org.</a><br /><br />See the<a href="https://netec.org/2023/12/07/press-release-netec-provides-free-ongoing-technical-support-and-assistance-to-health-care-facilities-in-response-to-the-outbreak-of-mpox-disease-in-the-democratic-republic-of-congo/" target="_blank" title="full press release" rel="noreferrer noopener"> full press release</a>.<br /><br /></p>
<p>###</p>
<p><strong>WORD COUNT: </strong>551</p>
<p><strong>MEDIA CONTACT:</strong> Lisa Stone, Senior Marketing Manager</p>
<p><strong>Email</strong>: communications@netec.org </p>
<p><strong>Phone</strong>: 571-235-3265 (Mobile)</p>
<p><strong>ABOUT NETEC</strong></p>
<p>Established in 2015 by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of the Administration for Strategic Preparedness and Response (ASPR) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) following the successful treatment of Ebola patients in 2014, NETEC’s mission is to set the gold standard for special pathogen preparedness and response across health systems in the U.S. with the goals of driving best practices, closing knowledge gaps, and developing innovative resources.</p>
<p>NETEC leverages the unique expertise, resources, and experience of regional partners and federal agencies to assess health care facility readiness, train providers, provide technical assistance and build a rapid research infrastructure to combat emerging special pathogens, building a sustainable infrastructure and culture of readiness for managing suspected and confirmed special pathogen incidents across the United States public health and health care delivery systems. Visit <a href="https://netec.org/">netec.org</a> for more information.</p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-12-07
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-12-07
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2024-03-27 R-Lead – never reviewed – make due in 6 months
Mpox
Outbreaks
R-Lead
Technical Support
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/a6782cf618e22d25290b255edbe8fbcf.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
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Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
http://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/healthcare-us/ppe/calculator.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
PPE Calculator
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
Estimated Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Needed for Healthcare Facilities | Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever | CDC Go to the PPE Calculator at the URL below.<br /><br />Directly download from <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/csv/PPE-calculator-for-hopitals.XLSX">the CDC here</a>.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-01-08
Relation
A related resource
Y - PPE pos 86 qualtrics 307
Y - D0.1PPE/D0.2PPE Qualtrics # 307
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2023-07-13 by Christa Arguinchona and Caroline Croyle (PM)
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2026-07-14
Ebola
Example
Federal
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-PM
R-PPE
Staffing
Staffing Model
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/4f8784f9a2c8ebdbf7b836abc4ece7ae.png
994e33673fe16a0faf6091736809816a
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/personal-protective-equipment-infection-control/masks-and-n95-respirators
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Masks and N95 Respirators
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
Guidance information about Masks and N95 Respirators
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-05-15
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-01-19 by Beth Beam
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-01-19
Mask
Masks
N95
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-PPE
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/50b56f827f2b42e04c0cafcd50f687b9.png
4dfe4e9715314593bfafc389bb806d3d
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/regulations/standardnumber/1910/1910.134AppB1
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
1910.134 App B-1 - User Seal Check Procedures (Mandatory).
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
<p>Available in spanish (Español) on the linked page.<br /><b>User Seal Check Procedures (Mandatory)</b></p>
<ul><li><strong>Part Number:</strong> 1910</li>
<li><strong>Part Number Title:</strong> Occupational Safety and Health Standards</li>
<li><strong>Subpart:</strong> 1910 Subpart I</li>
<li><strong>Subpart Title:</strong> Personal Protective Equipment</li>
<li><strong>Standard Number:</strong> <a href="https://www.osha.gov/laws-regs/interlinking/standards/1910.134%20App%20B-1"> 1910.134 App B-1 </a></li>
<li><strong>Title:</strong> User Seal Check Procedures (Mandatory).</li>
<li><strong>GPO Source:</strong> <a href="https://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/text-idx?SID=65b279ee2e7530009034c1f152d451e5&tpl=/ecfrbrowse/Title29/29tab_02.tpl">e-CFR</a></li>
</ul>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1998-01-08
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-01-19 by Beth Beam
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-01-19
Donning
N95
Occupational Health
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-PM
R-PPE
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/a7431db5725a9c9a2806185ac7c5b998.png
b07ed7a1d2f7cd02573d65f2e043ee3f
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.who.int/publications-detail/global-surveillance-for-human-infection-with-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov)
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Surveillance Case Definitions for Human Infection with Novel Coronavirus (nCoV): Interim Guidance V1
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
Interim guidance for surveillance of the novel coronavirus (nCoV) recently identified in Wuhan, China (2019-nCoV).
Global Surveillance for human infection with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Updated.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
WHO
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-02-27
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-12-07 general asset review - IPC
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-12-10
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Infection Prevention and Control
MERS-CoV
R-IPC
SARS
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/38bce9fbae01d5b3f2fef1c6ceb3c97a.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/85453
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Criteria to Guide Evaluation of Patients Under Investigation (PUI) for 2019-nCoV
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
<strong>Interim Guidance for Healthcare Professionals</strong> <br />Limited information is available to characterize the spectrum of clinical illness associated with 2019-nCoV. No vaccine or specific treatment for 2019-nCoV infection is available; care is supportive. <br />The CDC clinical criteria for a 2019-nCoV patient under investigation (PUI) have been developed based on what is known about MERS-CoV and SARS-CoV and are subject to change as additional information becomes available. <br />Health care providers should obtain a detailed travel history for patients being evaluated with fever and acute respiratory illness. CDC guidance for evaluating and reporting a PUI for MERS-CoV remains unchanged.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-02-27
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-12-07 general asset review - IPC
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-12-10
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Infection Prevention and Control
Person Under Investigation (PUI)
R-IPC
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/4da5a2de22ddb0c1a3cf41c61334f68a.pdf
f087f47893d55dfe51ad579a682f972b
PDF Text
Text
Hospital Personal Protective Equipment Planning Tool
Purpose: The Hospital Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Planning Tool is designed to
help hospitals determine approximate minimum PPE needs based on special pathogen
category and a number of facility specific variables. Calculators are included for Ebola
Virus Disease/Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (EVD/VHF) as well as special respiratory
pathogens such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome/Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome (MERS/SARS), and for pandemic influenza. The tool does not provide
information for less virulent pathogens. It is not intended as a clinical tool and should be
used as a pre-incident planning tool and NOT during an outbreak.
The Hospital PPE Planning Tool is not proscriptive nor definitive. It is intended as a
starting point for facility planners to estimate the minimum PPE that may be needed
based upon the role the hospital has in the community (does the hospital provide
screening only or screening and hospitalization) and adjusts for the number and types of
personnel involved in patient management, length of shifts, duration of hospital stay or
outbreak, and the types of PPE commonly used by the facility. The Hospital PPE Planning
Tool is meant to be considered in conjunction with other planning tools, resources,
information, and facility and community-wide preparedness efforts. This tool provides
the minimum amounts of PPE used and additional will be required for training and to
replace PPE that is contaminated, damaged, or otherwise rendered unusable in the
course of patient care. It also does not consider that higher levels of PPE may be
warranted in selected situations (such as during airway management). Therefore, based
on the size of the facility and number of personnel, additional supplies will be needed.
Page 1
�The tool's outputs are based on the inputs in Section 1 of each page about staffing and
types of PPE commonly used by the facility and the assumptions in Section 2 of each
page about the types and amounts of PPE needed for the type of special pathogen and
patient status. Users of the Hospital PPE Planning Tool should make adjustments to the
assumptions when warranted based on their knowledge of their facility, community,
and their level of preparedness. They should also understand that pre-incident
assumptions may not hold true during an incident. Changes to the assumptions may
dramatically affect the accuracy of the outputs in Section 3 of each page. The outputs
of the tool may be used to discuss appropriate cache levels of PPE at the facility and
coalition level and to discuss potential needs with vendors in advance of an incident to
assure supply chain continuity.
Usage Notes: For an Excel version of this tool, copy and paste this link into your
browser: https://files.asprtracie.hhs.gov/documents/aspr-tracie-hospital-ppe-planningtool.xlsx. For questions, comments, or assistance with this spreadsheet, contact ASPR
TRACIE at asprtracie.hhs.gov or 1-844-5-TRACIE (587-2243).
With which disease do you need assistance?
1. Ebola Virus Disease / Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (EVD/VHF)
a. Initial evaluation / stable patient
b. Hospitalized / unstable patient
2. Special Respiratory Pathogen (MERS/SARS/Novel Influenza)
a. Initial evaluation
b. Hospitalized patient(s)
3. Pandemic
a. Inpatient
b. ED
Page 2
�Acknowledgements: Portions of this tool are based on the Centers for Disease Control
and Prevention (CDC) PPE Calculator (https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/healthcareus/ppe/calculator.html), which was developed to assist healthcare facilities in
estimating their PPE needs when managing a patient with Ebola virus disease. ASPR
TRACIE expanded upon the CDC PPE Calculator and added additional variables and
scenarios to provide healthcare facilities a broader tool.
Disclaimer: The predictions are highly dependent on assumptions (listed in Section 2 on
each page) that can dramatically affect the outputs of the calculator. Users should
understand the implications of the assumptions and the caveats. In some cases, though
expert advice and review was the basis for the calculations, the calculations may not
reflect actual clinical practices. This tool should not replace other planning and facilityspecific considerations. The authors, HHS/ASPR, and ASPR TRACIE take no responsibility
and bear no liability for any clinical care outcomes, provider injury/illness, or
inaccuracies in or resulting from this calculator. The tool reflects current knowledge of
existing scientific guidance and operational experience; users should be aware that the
evidence base for the management of patients suspected or known to be infected with a
special pathogen continues to evolve. All recommendations were current at the time of
publication and vetted to the best of our ability.
Considerations for Stockpiling:
1. Because the role and capabilities of each hospital differ (e.g., a sample hospital might
plan to transfer all potential EVD/VHF cases and is likely to transfer MERS for intensive
care, but needs to plan for assessment care for these conditions as well as for
pandemics) it is not possible to develop a unifying PPE cache recommendation. Hospital
emergency management, infectious disease, infection prevention and control, and
administration should work together to determine change out frequency of use per shift
to help determine what is reasonable to stock at the facility. Please pay careful
attention to CDC recommendations cited at the bottom of each page.
Page 3
�2. Healthcare coalitions should consider caches of PPE to be managed at the
coalition/regional level, particularly to rapidly augment a frontline facility's PPE stocks
for EVD/VHF suspect cases, but also to support hospitals caring for multiple MERS
patients or other situations where there are disproportionate effects on coalition
member hospitals. During a pandemic, this cache will not be as helpful as all facilities
will have needs. The policies for request, allocation, and logistics of accessing and
moving these caches is important if they are to succeed.
3. Federal stockpiles contain significant quantities of N95 respirators and other PPE that
may be helpful in a situation where a single or few jurisdictions are affected. However,
in a pandemic these stockpiles will be insufficient. Healthcare coalitions should work
with their states to understand what is available and the process for activating and
receiving the supplies as well as the timeline. Federal assets will take time to activate
and mobilize, and once delivered will still require time to get to the bedside.
4. Though the filter media of N95 respirators does not substantially degrade, the
flocking and elastic components can, and therefore careful planning should be done
with suppliers and hospital administration to determine how large a cache is in the
interest of the facility knowing that it is not a durable asset. After a manufacturers'
listed "use by" dates, the manufacturer cannot guarantee that the product will perform
as a newly produced item. Outdated masks and supplies must be kept separate from
daily stock and clearly labeled 'for emergency use' if they are kept in caches for
pandemics or epidemics. The same issues apply to gloves and other components of PPE
caches. Rotation of stock is an excellent goal, though at the levels needed to be
prepared for a pandemic is not possible at the hospital level. Agreements with
suppliers may be able to be made that allow rotation at a regional level. Cached
supplies should be stored within manufacturers' recommended storage conditions and
checked at least yearly to assure they are safe and appropriate for use. Supplies should
be used in the following order: first use PPE within the manufacturer's 'use by' dates,
but the oldest first, then use the very recently expired supplies, then the oldest or
longest expired. While all PPE must be inspected before use, expired PPE should have
heightened inspection. Prior to using expired PPE, facilities should contact the
manufacturer to discuss the conditions in which the supplies have been maintained and
discuss potential issues.
Page 4
�5. Training PPE will be needed every year and is not accounted for in the estimates.
Theft is also a significant concern. Accelerated consumption due to contamination,
damage, early discarding by providers, and other causes on shift are also not included
and as stated in the notes may require an adjustment. Depending on the role and size of
the facility this may be in the range of 25%. There should be supervised/regulated
dispensing of respirators during scarcity/pandemic situations.
6. A few facilities in the United States use elastomeric half-face respirators with
appropriate HEPA filters (usually P100 are included as these respirators are commonly
used for industrial and painting applications). Though information about the use of these
devices in the healthcare setting is limited, they are an attractive potential option and
during a pandemic would rapidly pay for themselves. When the frequency of use of
disposable respirators becomes high, the accumulated cost of their use during an
incident may become equivalent to elastomeric facepieces. At this breakeven point,
they may have particular relevance in intensive care environments, for instance. The
elastomeric facepieces must be decontaminated after every use. These respirators
should be inspected, maintained, and stored as per manufacturer recommendations.
Some users may find the elastomeric respirators to be more irritating to the skin than
filtering facepiece mask respirators though others may feel more comfortable with the
seal of the elastomeric masks. Because the elastomeric masks are not in common
healthcare use, their appearance will be unfamiliar and perhaps intimidating to patients
and families.
7. Note that the assumptions for respirators in this tool do not include the increased
requirements for simple fabric masks to be used by patients, family members, and
those at low risk of exposure. Consumption of these masks will increase significantly and
perhaps be as much as 5 times greater than usual use during a pandemic. Planners
should consider the number of staff, patients, and loved ones who will require simple
masks.
Page 5
�8. The calculations for pandemic assume that facilities will be operating under crisis
standards of care, which may include the re-use of N95s. While re-use is not
recommended, it is understood that it may be necessary under certain scenarios. Rather
than focus only on quantities, planners should consider the risk profile of the facility
under scenarios when re-use may be needed. This includes identifying which areas of the
facility, care environments, and staff require a higher level of protection and recognizing
that ASTM certified simple masks afford significant protection for healthcare workers not
directly engaged in patient care. Manufacturer and CDC guidance on re-use should be
sought and utilized when available.
9. Mask production is just-in-time - in some cases manufacturers have substantially
different capacity to increase the production of certain respirators and not others. This
may be worth discussing with your current vendor/manufacturer so that you can plan for
the most likely models available during a pandemic/epidemic situation.
Page 6
�Ebola Virus Disease / Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
Initial Evaluation / Stable Patient
X
Directions
Input your staff and PPE changes per 24 hours and what type of PPE you primarily use into the tan cells in Section 1. This should reflect the number of caregivers/personnel with the patient at one time. It is critical that the PPE changes per 24 hours reflect your
facility staffing plan for how long personnel will be in the patient's room without a break/change in PPE. Section 2 shows the assumptions about the type and amount of PPE used per shift/change. Assumptions can be adjusted depending on your facility plan.
Section 3 shows the calculations for your selected staff and duration of care. PPE calculations are minimums. PPE should always be changed earlier if it becomes soiled or contaminated or when masks become too moist and higher levels or changes of PPE may
be required for airway interventions and other high risk procedures. The calculations do not account for these additional needs.
Section 1 - Inputs
Do you primarily use disposable gowns or coveralls?
Do you primarily use PAPR or N95 respirators for your providers?
Do you use elastomeric respirators?1
Coveralls
N95
No
→
→
If PAPR, are shrouds reusable or disposable?
If yes, what percentage of staff have elastomeric respirators?
→
→
→
→
Assume 4 hour shift with patient (then may rotate to support/other role) = 6 PPE changes/24 hours. (see notes below)
Reusable
0
→
How many filters are on the PAPR unit?
Staff
PPE changes/24 hours 2
Nurse with patient
Doctor with patient
Trained Observer
Environmental Services
1
1
1
1
6
4
6
2
PPE sets
per day
6
4
6
2
Lab Tech
1
2
2
→
Enter '0' staff if RN obtains labs. Assume 2 draws in 24 hours; may adjust PPE changes/24 hours to account for more or less frequent lab testing.
Other personnel
Total Team
1
6
1
1
21
→
Includes family, spiritual care, biomedical, and other personnel required by hospital plan.
3
Total days (enter value 1-3)4
1
Notes and assumptions - IMPORTANT - please read and change values if needed to be consistent with facility personnel plans.
Assume 4 visits/day of 1-4 hours each. Optimally, time entry/exit to correspond with RN exits to minimize observer PPE use.
Parallels RN rotation needs. If RNs or MDs are rotating in or out between shift changes must adjust observer PPE changes accordingly.
Enter '0' staff if RN assumes these duties. Assume 2 visits/cleaning in 24 hours; if single visit, adjust PPE changes to '1'.
3
SECTION 1 NOTES
1. Facilities that use elastomeric respirators reduce their predicted N95 usage according to the percent of caregivers equipped. Providers should generally be issued their own elastomeric respirator. Facilities using these must assure
appropriate donning, doffing, cleaning, and handling protocols as per OSHA respiratory protection standards including safe storage between shifts. Facilities should also have replacement particulate filter cartridges available in the event of
contamination, splash exposure, etc.
2. Calculations assume an RN shift of 4 hours in room with in-room sit down breaks not requiring PPE changes (likely rotating 4 hours with external support RN for total 8 hour shift). If breaks requiring PPE change are taken every 2 hours,
adjust PPE changes/24 hours to 12 for nurses and trained observers (who should be assisting the entering RN with PPE, then donning PPE and assisting the exiting RN with doffing, then doffing themselves). This assures there is always a
provider wearing PPE and ready to provide care.
3. For a stable patient, only one RN should be required. If additional are required, adjust RN number upwards. During the rotation of staff, two person jobs can be accomplished if needed duirng a brief overlap period.
4. Total days should be between 1 and 3 as by that point the patient should be ruled in/out and either transferred to another facility, moved to inpatient status for continued care, or taken off precautions.
Section 2 - PPE Assumptions
Items in tan may be changed if needed based on PPE use assumptions by the facility. Note: if using PAPRs, assumptions about shroud/filter changes will dramatically affect calculations.
ESTIMATED PPE Needed by Role per Shift1
Either Gowns OR Coveralls
3
Needed
All needed 2
Glove, long
cuff
6
2
2
2
2
2
Nurse
Doctor
Trained Observer
Environmental Services
Lab Tech
Other
Glove,
inner
2
2
2
2
2
2
Boot/shoe
cover
2
2
2
2
2
2
4
PAPRs
Apron,
disposable
Gown,
disposable
Coverall
PAPR
1
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
N/A
1
1
0
2
1
N/A
1
1
0
5
N95 Respirators Needed 3
or
PAPR
Shroud
2
1
N/A
1
1
0
PAPR
Battery
4
1
N/A
1
1
0
PAPR
Filter
2
1
N/A
1
1
0
6
N95
1
1
1
1
1
1
Surgical
Hood
1
1
1
1
1
1
Face
Shield
1
1
1
1
1
1
SECTION 2 NOTES
1. Quantity of product per shift may vary based on multiple factors including patient acuity, length of shifts, breaks, etc.
2. Assumptions include two glove changes/shift of outer gloves by RN and no glove changes for other provider types due to shorter durations in the care environment. Impermeable apron is optional but should be strongly considered for 'wet'
patients with bleeding, vomiting, or diarrhea.
3. Either of these products may be used per CDC PPE guidance. Gowns and coveralls must be impermeable (e.g., surgical gowns, coated coveralls) not simply fluid resistant when used for 'wet' suspect patient care (e.g., vomiting, diarrhea,
bleeding). OSHA advises impermeable be used for all suspect patients and state OSHA may have requirements that are stricter. Hospitals should be familiar with state OSHA standards.
4. Boot/shoe covers must be knee high and impermeable if used with gown. Dedicated boots or waterproof booties may be used in conjunction with coveralls. Booties must be able to tolerate abrasion from the floors. Reusable boots must
have a decontaminantion process defined and followed.
5. Powered air purifying respirator (PAPR) blower units/systems may be reused post decontamination. Therefore, the quantity of PAPRs needed per shift and per day should be based on the number of persons that may be using a PAPR and
the time needed to decontaminate and ensure that these products are ready for use. One PAPR will be needed for each staff member per shift who will be in direct contact with the patient. Facilities should consider having 1.5 to 2 shifts
worth of PAPR blower units/systems on hand to account for changing of staff and decon time. Calculations reflect 2 PAPRs for RNs as they are unable to 'hand off' units when changing shifts. PAPR battery maintenance and assuring that
enough charged batteries are always avaialble is another key consideration when using PAPRs. Facility policy for decontaminaiton of the units should be considered when determing needs.
6. Follow the manufacturer's guidance to determine the need to replace/dispose of a filter during PAPR decontamination. FIlters must have a HEPA component. Several manufacturers have added specific instructions for cleaning, disinfecting,
and decontamination after use with a known or suspected Ebola patient. Estimate in the table assumes filter is being changed only when filtering capacity reached (airflow falls below minimums).
Section 3 - Outputs
Either Gowns OR Coveralls
Needed
All needed
Totals days:
3
Nurse
Doctor
Trained Observer
Environmental Services
Lab Tech
Other
Total PPE Needed for Total Days
PPE changes
for total days
Glove, long
cuff
Glove,
inner
Boot/shoe
cover
Apron,
disposable,
(optional for
'dry' patient)
18
12
18
6
6
3
108
24
36
12
12
6
198
36
24
36
12
12
6
126
36
24
36
12
12
6
126
18
12
0
6
6
0
42
PAPR/hood
or
N95 Respirators/splash protection
Gown,
disposable
Coverall
PAPR
PAPR
Shroud
PAPR
Battery
PAPR
Filter
N95
Surgical
Hood
Face
Shield
0
0
18
0
0
0
18
12
N/A
6
6
0
0
0
N/A
0
0
0
0
0
N/A
0
0
0
0
0
N/A
0
0
0
0
0
N/A
0
0
0
18
12
18
6
6
3
18
12
18
6
6
3
18
12
18
6
6
3
18
42
0
0
0
0
63
63
63
References
Cleaning Reusable Respirators and Powered Air Purifying Respirator Assemblies
3M
ASPR TRACIE
The process for cleaning and disinfecting respirators is model-specific. This link provides cleaning and disinfection guidelines for commonly-used 3M respirators. Users should review the guidelines for the models of respirators used in their facilities.
EMS Infectious Disease Playbook
For U.S. Healthcare Settings: Donning and Doffing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Evaluating Persons Under Investigation (PUIs) for Ebola Who are Clinically Stable and Do Not Have Bleeding, Vomiting or Diarrhea
CDC
Halyard
NETEC
OSHA
The National Academies of
Sciences, Engineering, and
Medicine
Guidance on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) To Be Used By Healthcare Workers during Management of Patient with Confirmed Ebola or Persons under Investigation (PUIs) for Ebola who are Clinically Unstable or Have Bleeding, Vomiting, or Diarrhea in U.S.
Hospitals, Including Procedures for Donning and Doffing PPE
10 Questions to Ask Before You Stockpile
PPE 201: Critically Thinking about PPE
PPE Selection Matrix for Occupational Exposure to Ebola Virus
Reusable Elastomeric Respirators in Health Care: Considerations for Routine and Surge Use
Page 7
�X
Ebola Virus Disease / Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
Hospitalized / Unstable Patient
Directions
Input your staff and PPE changes per 24 hours and what type of PPE you primarily use into the tan cells in Section 1. This should reflect the number of caregivers/personnel with the patient at one time. It is critical that the PPE changes/24 hours reflect
your facility staffing plan for how long personnel will be in the patient's room without a break/change in PPE. Section 2 shows the assumptions about the type and amount of PPE used per shift/change. Assumptions can be adjusted depending on the
facility plans. Section 3 shows the calculations for your selected staff and duration of care. PPE calculations are minimums. PPE should always be changed earlier if it becomes soiled or contaminated or when masks become too moist and higher levels or
changes of PPE may be required for airway interventions and other high risk procedures. The calculations do not account for these additional needs.
Section 1 - Inputs
Do you primarily use disposable gowns or coveralls?
Gowns
Do you primarily use PAPR or N95 respirators for your providers?
Do you use elastomeric respirators?1
PPE changes/24
Staff
hours
2
N95
No
PPE sets
per day
→
→
If PAPR, are shrouds reusable or disposable?
If yes, what percentage of staff have elastomeric respirators?
Reusable
0
→
How many filters are on the PAPR unit?
Notes and assumptions - IMPORTANT - please read and change values if needed to be consistent with facility personnel plans.
2
6
12
→
Doctor with patient
Trained Observer
Environmental Services
1
1
0
4
6
2
4
6
0
→
→
→
Assume 2 RN per 4 hour shift with patient (then rotate to support/other role) = 6 PPE changes/provider/24 hours. Both RNs may not be in room at all
times. (see notes below)
Assume 4 visits/day of 1-4 hours each. Optimally, time entry/exit to correspond with RN exits to minimize observer PPE use.
Parallels RN rotation needs - if RNs or MDs are rotating in or out between shift changes, must adjust observer PPE changes accordingly.
Enter '0' staff if RN assumes these duties. Assume 2 visits/cleaning in 24 hours; if single visit, adjust PPE changes to '1'.
Lab Tech
0
2
0
→
Enter '0' staff if RN obtains labs. Assume 2 draws in 24 hours; may adjust PPE changes/24 hours to account for more or less frequent lab testing.
Other personnel
Total Team
0
4
0
20
0
22
→
Includes family, spiritual care, biomedical, and other personnel required by hospital plan.
Nurse with patient
3
Total days (enter value - default 7) 4
1
7
SECTION 1 NOTES
1. Facilities that use elastomeric respirators reduce their predicted N95 usage according to percent of caregivers equipped. Providers should generally be issued their own elastomeric respirator. Facilities using these must assure
appropriate donning, doffing, cleaning, and handling protocols as per OSHA respiratory protection standards including safe storage between shifts. Facilities should also have replacement particulate filter cartridges available in the event of
contamination, splash exposure, etc.
2. Calculations assume an RN shift of 4 hours in room with in-room sit down breaks not requiring PPE changes (likely rotating 4 hours with external support RN for total 8 hour shift). If breaks requiring PPE changes are taken every 2 hours,
adjust PPE changes/24 hours to 12 for nurses and trained observers (who should be assisting the entering RN with PPE, then donning PPE and assisting the exiting RN with doffing, then doffing themselves). This assures there is always a
provider wearing PPE and ready to provide care.
3. For a stable patient, only one RN may be required, but assumption for inpatient care is two nurses will be needed at least some times during the shift.
4. Total days are difficult to predict as patient course is highly variable. Default is 7 days but facility can adjust based on patient acuity/prior experience.
If multiple patients, adjust staff numbers to number of personnel providing patient care in each room/isolation area (assume some may be in separate rooms and some cohorted). For example, physicians would not need to change PPE
except gloves within the same room, but would have to make a full change to move between rooms.
Section 2 - PPE Assumptions
Items in tan may be changed if needed based on PPE use assumptions by the facility. NOTE: if using PAPRs, assumptions about shroud/filter changes will dramatically affect calculations.
ESTIMATED PPE Needed by Role per Shift1
All needed
Glove, ex
cuff
Glove,
Exam4
12
2
2
2
2
2
4
2
2
2
2
2
Nurse
Doctor
Trained Observer
Environmental Services
Lab Tech
Other
Either Gowns OR
Coveralls Needed 3
2
Boot/
shoe
cover
4
2
2
2
2
2
Either PAPRs.
OR
N95 Respirators Needed 3
Apron,
Disposable
Gown,
Disposable,
Impermeable
Coverall,
impermeable
PAPR5
PAPR
Shroud
PAPR
Battery
PAPR
Filter6
N95
Surgical
Hood
Face
Shield
2
1
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
N/A
1
1
0
2
1
N/A
1
1
0
2
1
N/A
1
1
1
4
1
N/A
1
1
0
2
1
N/A
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
SECTION 2 NOTES
1. Quantity of product per shift may vary based on multiple factors including patient acuity, length of shifts, breaks, etc.
2. Assumptions include two glove changes/shift of outer gloves by RN and no glove changes for other provider types due to shorter durations in the care environment. Aprons should be disposable and impermeable.
3. Either of these products may be used per CDC PPE guidance. Gowns and coveralls must be impermeable (e.g., surgical gowns, coated coveralls) when used for 'wet' suspect patient care (e.g., vomiting, diarrhea, bleeding).
4. Boot/shoe covers must be knee high and impermeable if used with gown. Dedicated boots or waterproof booties may be used in conjunction with coveralls. Booties must be able to tolerate abrasion resistance on the floors. Reusable boots must have
a decontaminantion process defined and followed.
5. Powered air purifying respirator (PAPR) blower units/systems may be reused post decontamination. Therefore, the quantity of PAPRs needed per shift and per day should be based on the number of persons that may be using a PAPR and the time
needed to decontaminate and ensure that these products are ready for use. One PAPR will be needed for each staff member per shift who will be in direct contact with the patient. Facilities should consider having 1.5 to 2 shifts worth of PAPR blower
units/systems on hand to account for changing of staff and decon time. Calculations reflect one PAPR per provider.
6. Follow the manufacturer's guidance to determine the need to replace/dispose of a filter during PAPR decontamination. Several manufacturers have added specific instructions for cleaning, disinfecting, and decontamination after use with a known or
suspected Ebola patient. Estimate in the table assumes filter is being changed only when filtering capacity reached (airflow falls below minimum).
Section 3 - Outputs
Either Gowns OR
Coveralls Needed
All needed
Totals days:
7
Nurse
Doctor
Trained Observer
Environmental Services
Lab Tech
Other
Total PPE needed for total days
Total staff
Glove, ex
for total
cuff
days
84
1008
28
56
42
84
0
0
0
0
0
0
1148
Glove,
Exam
Boot/shoe
cover
Apron,
Disposable
Gown,
Disposable,
Impermeable
Coverall,
impermeabl
e
336
56
84
0
0
0
336
56
84
0
0
0
168
28
0
0
0
0
84
28
42
0
0
0
476
476
196
154
PAPR/hood
OR
N95 Respirators/splash protection
PAPR
PAPR
Shroud
PAPR
Battery
PAPR
Filter
N95
Surgical
Hood
Face
Shield
0
0
N/A
0
0
0
0
0
N/A
0
0
0
0
0
N/A
0
0
0
0
0
N/A
0
0
0
0
0
N/A
0
0
0
84
28
42
0
0
0
84
28
42
0
0
0
84
28
42
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
154
154
154
References
Cleaning Reusable Respirators and Powered Air Purifying Respirator Assemblies
3M
ASPR TRACIE
CDC
Halyard
NETEC
OSHA
The National Academies of
Sciences, Engineering, and
Medicine
The process for cleaning and disinfecting respirators is model-specific. This link provides cleaning and disinfection guidelines for commonly-used 3M respirators. Users should review the guidelines for the models of respirators used in their facilities.
EMS Infectious Disease Playbook
For U.S. Healthcare Settings: Donning and Doffing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Evaluating Persons Under Investigation (PUIs) for Ebola Who are Clinically Stable and Do Not Have Bleeding, Vomiting or Diarrhea
Guidance on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) To Be Used By Healthcare Workers during Management of Patient with Confirmed Ebola or Persons under Investigation (PUIs) for Ebola who are Clinically Unstable or Have Bleeding, Vomiting, or Diarrhea
in U.S. Hospitals, Including Procedures for Donning and Doffing PPE
10 Questions to Ask Before You Stockpile
PPE 201: Critically Thinking about PPE
PPE Selection Matrix for Occupational Exposure to Ebola Virus
Reusable Elastomeric Respirators in Health Care: Considerations for Routine and Surge Use
Page 8
�Special Respiratory Pathogen (MERS/SARS/Novel Influenza)
Initial Evaluation / Stable Patient
Directions
Input your staff and PPE changes per 24 hours and what type of PPE you primarily use into the tan cells in Section 1. This should reflect the number of caregivers/personnel with the patient at one
time. It is critical that the PPE changes/24 hours reflect your facility staffing plan for how long personnel will be in the patient's room without a break/change in PPE. Section 2 shows the
assumptions about the type and amount of PPE used per shift/change. Assumptions can be adjusted depending on the facility plans. Section 3 shows the calculations for your selected staff and
duration of care. PPE calculations are minimums. PPE should always be changed earlier if it becomes soiled or contaminated or when masks become too moist and higher levels or changes of PPE
may be required for airway interventions and other high risk procedures. The calculations do not account for these additional needs.
Section 1 - Inputs
Do you primarily use PAPRs or N95s for your
providers?
N95
→
Do you use elastomeric respirators?1
No
→
Person/Shift
PPE changes/ Persons
per day
24 hours 2
6
6
If PAPR, are shrouds reusable or
Reusable
disposable?
If yes, what percentage of staff have elastomeric
respirators?
How many filters are on the
PAPR unit?
→
0
Notes and assumptions - IMPORTANT - please read and change values if needed to be consistent with facility
personnel plans.
Nurse with patient
1
→
Assume 1 RN per 4 hour shift with patient, then rotate to support role.
Doctor with patient
1
4
4
→
Assume 4 visits/day of 1-4 hours each.
Environmental Services
0
2
0
→
Lab Tech
0
2
0
→
Other personnel
Total Team
0
2
0
14
0
10
→
Total days (enter value 1-3)3
1
Enter '0' person/shift if RN assumes these duties. Assume 2 visits/cleaning in 24 hours; if single visit, adjust PPE
changes to '1'.
Enter '0' person/shift if RN obtains labs. Assume 2 draws in 24 hours; may adjust PPE changes/24 hours to account for
more or less frequent lab testing.
Includes family, spiritual care, biomedical, and other personnel required by hospital plan.
3
SECTION 1 NOTES
1. Facilities that use elastomeric respirators may reduce their predicted N95 usage according to percentage of caregivers equipped. Providers should generally be issued their
own elastomeric respirator. Facilities using these must assure appropriate donning, doffing, cleaning, and handling protocols as per OSHA respiratory protection standards
including safe storage between shifts. Facilities should also have replacement particulate filter cartridges available in the event of contamination, splash exposure, etc.
2. Calculations assume an RN shift of 4 hours in room with in-room sit down breaks not requiring PPE changes (likely rotating 4 hours with external support RN for total 8 hour
shift). If breaks are taken every 2 hours, adjust rotations to 12 for nurses. This assures there is always a provider wearing PPE and ready to provide care.
3. Total days should reflect that by day three the patient should be ruled out or transferred to another facility or inpatient status.
4. If multiple patients, adjust staff numbers to number providing patient care in each room/area (assume some may be in separate rooms and some cohorted). For example,
physicians would not need to change PPE except gloves within the same room, but would have to make a full change to move between rooms.
Section 2 - PPE Assumptions
Items in tan may be changed if needed based on PPE use assumptions by the facility. Note: if using PAPRs, assumptions about shroud/filter changes will dramatically affect calculations.
ESTIMATED PPE Needed by Role per Shift1
All needed2
Nurse
Doctor
Envi ronmental
Servi ces
Lab Tech
Other
PAPR/hood
Gown, disposable fluidresistant5
PAPR6
6
2
Shoe Cover
(optional)4
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
0
2
0
Glove, long cuff
2
1
PAPR
Shroud
2
1
PAPR
Battery
4
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
OR
N95 Respirators/splash protection3
PAPR Filter7
N95
2
1
1
1
Headcover
(optional)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
Face Shield
1
1
SECTION 2 NOTES
1. Quantity of product per shift may vary based on multiple factors including patient acuity, length of shifts, breaks, etc.
2. Assumptions include two glove changes/shift of outer gloves by RN and no glove changes for other provider types due to shorter durations in the care environment.
3. Either of these products may be used per CDC PPE guidance.
4. Optional - Not included in CDC or WHO guidance, but included in OSHA guidance for MERS.
5. CDC specifies "disposable" for MERS, "standard isolation" for SARS, and "clean" gown for avian influenza. OSHA states "fluid-resistant" gown. Because agents and recommendations are
mixed, the facility should decide on an appropriate level of isolation gown in conjunction with their infection prevention practitioners. For simplicity, a disposable, fluid-resistant gown is likely
preferred.
6. Powered air purifying respirator (PAPR) blower units/systems may be reused post decontamination. Therefore, the quantity of PAPRs needed per shift and per day should be based on the
number of persons that may be using a PAPR and the time needed to decontaminate and ensure that these products are ready for use. One PAPR will be needed for each staff member per shift
who will be in direct contact with the patient. Facilities should consider having 1.5 to 2 shifts worth of PAPR blower units/systems on hand to account for changing of staff and decon time.
Calculations reflect one PAPR per provider.
7. Follow the manufacturer's guidance to determine the need to replace/dispose of a filter during PAPR decontamination. Several manufacturers have added specific instructions for cleaning,
disinfecting, and decontamination.
Section 3 - Outputs
All needed
Totals days:
3
Nurse
Doctors
Environmental Services
Lab Tech
Other
Total PPE needed for total days
18
12
0
0
0
Either PAPRs
Shoe Cover
(optional)
Gown, Disposable Fluid
resistant
PAPR
PAPR Shroud
108
24
0
0
0
216
48
0
0
0
18
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
132
264
30
0
0
0
Total staff for Glove, long
total days
cuff
OR
N95 Respirators Needed
N95
Headcover
(optional)
Face Shield
0
0
0
0
0
18
12
0
0
0
18
12
0
0
0
18
12
0
0
0
0
30
30
30
PAPR Battery PAPR Filter
References
3M
ASPR TRACIE
CDC
Halyard
OSHA
The National Academies of
Sciences, Engineering, and
Medicine
WHO
Cleaning Reusable Respirators and Powered Air Purifying Respirator Assemblies
The process for cleaning and disinfecting respirators is model-specific. This link provides cleaning and disinfection guidelines for commonly-used 3M respirators. Users should review the
guidelines for the models of respirators used in their facilities.
EMS Infectious Disease Playbook
Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Hospitalized Patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
Infection Control in Healthcare, Home, and Community Settings (Supplement I to Public Health Guidance for Community-Level Preparedness and Response to SARS)
Interim Guidance for Infection Control Within Healthcare Settings When Caring for Confirmed Cases, Probable Cases, and Cases Under Investigation with Novel Influenza A Viruses Associated with
Severe Disease
10 Questions to Ask Before You Stockpile
MERS Control and Prevention
Avian Influenza Control and Prevention
Reusable Elastomeric Respirators in Health Care: Considerations for Routine and Surge Use
Infection Prevention and Control During Health Care for Probable or Confirmed Cases of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Infection
Page 9
�Special Respiratory Pathogen (MERS/SARS/Novel Influenza)
Hospitalized Patient(s)
Directions
Input your staff and PPE changes per 24 hours and what type of PPE you primarily use into the tan cells in Section 1. This should reflect the number of caregivers/personnel with the patient at one time. It is critical that the
PPE changes/24 hours reflect your facility staffing plan for how long personnel will be in the patient's room without a break/change in PPE. Section 2 shows the assumptions about the type and amount of PPE used per
shift/change. PPE requirements depend on the number of staff, not the number of patients. For example, caring for two patients in the same room does not increase PPE requirements aside from a small increase in glove
changes, providing care for patients in two rooms doubles the PPE requirements. Cohorting of patients is recommended to decrease the number of staff and therefore PPE needs when clinically possible. Assumptions can be
adjusted depending on the facility plans. Section 3 shows the calculations for your selected staff and duration of care. PPE calculations are minimums. PPE should always be changed earlier if it becomes soiled or
contaminated or when masks become too moist and higher levels or changes of PPE may be required for airway interventions and other high risk procedures. The calculations do not account for these additional needs.
Section 1 - Inputs
Do you primarily use PAPRs or N95s for your
providers?
N95
1
No
Do you use elastomeric respirators?
→
If PAPR, are shrouds reusable or disposable?
→
If yes, what percentage of staff have elastomeric
respirators?
Disposable
→
How many filters are on the PAPR
unit?
1
0
Nurse with patient
1
Shifts per
day2
6
→
Assume 1 RN per 4 hour shift with patient, then rotate to support role.
Doctor with patient
1
4
4
→
Assume 4 visits/day of 1-4 hours each.
Environmental Services
1
2
2
→
Enter '0' person/shift if RN assumes these duties. Assume 2 visits/cleaning in 24 hours; if single visit, adjust PPE changes to '1'.
Lab Tech
1
2
2
→
Other personnel
1
1
1
→
5
15
15
Person/
Shift
Total Team
3
Persons
per day
6
Notes and assumptions - IMPORTANT - please read and change values if needed to be consistent with facility personnel plans.
Enter '0' person/shift if RN obtains labs. Assume 2 draws in 24 hours; may adjust PPE changes/24 hours to account for more or less
frequent lab testing.
Includes family, spiritual care, biomedical, and other personnel required by hospital plan.
7
Total days (enter value 1-20)
SECTION 1 NOTES
1. Facilities that use elastomeric respirators reduce their predicted N95 usage according to the percent of caregivers equipped. Providers should generally be issued their own elastomeric respirator.
Facilities using these must assure appropriate donning, doffing, cleaning, and handling protocols as per OSHA respiratory protection standards including safe storage between shifts. Facilities should
also have replacement particulate filter cartridges available in the event of contamination, splash exposure, etc.
2. Calculations assume an RN shift of 4 hours in room with in-room sit down breaks not requiring PPE changes (likely rotating 4 hours with external support RN for total 8 hour shift). If breaks are taken
every 2 hours and another provider cycles in adjust shifts per day to 12 for nurses. Assure there is always a provider wearing PPE and ready to provide care.
3. Total days depend on how ill the patient is - average of 7 days assumed.
4. If multiple patients, adjust staff numbers to number providing patient care in each room/area (assume some may be in separate rooms and some cohorted). For example, physicians would not need
to change PPE except gloves within the same room, but would have to make a full change to move between rooms.
Section 2- PPE Assumptions
Items in tan may be changed if needed based on PPE use assumptions by the facility. NOTE: if using PAPRs, assumptions about shroud/filter changes will dramatically affect calculations.
ESTIMATED PPE Needed by Role per Shift1
All needed
PAPR/hood
Glove, long
cuff
Shoe cover
(optional)3
Gown
PAPR
Nurse
Doctor
12
2
4
2
2
1
Environmental
Services
4
2
Lab Tech
Other
4
4
2
2
N95 Respirator/splash protection 2
or
PAPR
Shroud
PAPR
Battery
PAPR Filter
N95
Headcover
(optional)7
Face
Shield
2
1
2
1
4
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
4
5
6
SECTION 2 NOTES
1. Quantity of product per shift may vary based on multiple factors including patient acuity, length of shifts, breaks, etc.
2. Either of these products may be used per CDC PPE guidance. Use of PAPR may be preferred during aerosol-generating procedures.
3. Optional - Not included in CDC or WHO guidance, but included in OSHA guidance for MERS.
4. CDC specifies "disposable" for MERS, "standard isolation" for SARS, and "clean" gown for avian influenza. OSHA states "fluid-resistant" gown. Because agents and recommendations are mixed, the facility should
decide on an appropriate level of isolation gown in conjunction with their infection prevention practitioners. For simplicity, a disposable, fluid-resistant gown is likely preferred.
5. Powered air purifying respirator (PAPR) blower units/systems may be reused post decontamination. Therefore, the quantity of PAPRs needed per shift and per day should be based on the number of persons that
may be using a PAPR and the time needed to decontaminate and ensure that these products are ready for use. One PAPR will be needed for each staff member per shift who will be in direct contact with the patient.
Facilities should consider having 1.5 to 2 shifts worth of PAPR blower units/systems on hand to account for changing of staff and decon time.
6. Follow the manufacturer's guidance to determine the need to replace/dispose of a filter during PAPR decontamination. Several manufacturers have added specific instructions for cleaning, disinfecting, and
decontamination. Estimate in the table assumes filter is being changed only when filtering capacity reached.
7. Not included in CDC or WHO guidance, but included in OSHA guidance.
Section 3 - Outputs
All needed
Totals days:
7
Nurse
Doctor
Environmental Services
Lab Tech
Other
Total PPE needed for total days
Either PAPRs
Total staff for
total days
Glove, long cuff
Shoe Cover
(optional)
Gown
PAPR
PAPR
Shroud
42
504
168
84
0
0
0
28
56
56
0
0
56
56
28
28
28
14
28
14
14
0
14
14
7
7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
700
294
147
0
0
0
OR
N95 Respirators Needed
N95
Headcover
(optional)
Face Shie ld
0
42
42
42
0
28
28
28
0
0
0
14
14
7
14
14
7
14
14
7
0
105
105
105
PAPR Battery PAPR Filter
References
3M
ASPR TRACIE
CDC
Halyard
OSHA
The National Academies of
Sciences, Engineering, and
Medicine
WHO
Cleaning Reusable Respirators and Powered Air Purifying Respirator Assemblies
The process for cleaning and disinfecting respirators is model-specific. This link provides cleaning and disinfection guidelines for commonly-used 3M respirators. Users should review the guidelines for the models of
respirators used in their facilities.
EMS Infectious Disease Playbook
Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Hospitalized Patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV)
Infection Control in Healthcare, Home, and Community Settings (Supplement I to Public Health Guidance for Community-Level Preparedness and Response to SARS)
Interim Guidance for Infection Control Within Healthcare Settings When Caring for Confirmed Cases, Probable Cases, and Cases Under Investigation with Novel Influenza A Viruses Associated with Severe Disease
10 Questions to Ask Before You Stockpile
MERS Control and Prevention
Avian Influenza Control and Prevention
Reusable Elastomeric Respirators in Health Care: Considerations for Routine and Surge Use
Infection Prevention and Control During Health Care for Probable or Confirmed Cases of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Infection
Page 10
�Pandemic Influenza
Inpatient
X
Directions
This section assumes that staff will be wearing PPE for the entire shift on ALL inpatient units. If patients are cohorted to infectious units you may enter the number of staff for those
1
units, but this is likely to be possible only early in the pandemic and not during a majority of the weeks. This assumes that N95 masks will be used and re-used during the shift. PPE
calculations are minimums. PPE should always be changed earlier if it becomes soiled or contaminated or when masks become too moist and higher levels or changes of PPE may be
required for airway interventions and other high risk procedures. The calculations do not account for these additional needs nor for theft from stock which may be a significant issue.
Hospitals will need to plan on a modifier (perhaps 25%) to compensate for these losses. Section 2 shows the assumptions about the type and amount of PPE used per shift/change.
PPE requirements depend on the number of staff, not the number of patients. Section 3 shows the calculations for your selected staff and duration of the pandemic.
NOTES
1. Re-use of N95 respirators is not advised by manufacturers nor by CDC or other expert groups. Though CDC recommends using a mask for each patient
encounter, there may be no alternative to re-use during a pandemic if shortages preclude recommended infection prevention practices. Providers could
each use 20-40 masks/shift, depending on their responsibilities and how often they enter patient rooms. Most institutions plan on assigning a tray for each
provider so that the N95 can be removed and set on its front, then picked up by the straps again to re-apply. Hand hygiene is critical. The masks must be
disposed of if they become contaminated, are worn during procedures likely to generate significant aerosols, are damaged, etc. as outlined in CDC
guidance at: https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/hcwcontrols/recommendedguidanceextuse.html. A faceshield or surgical mask may be worn over the N95
to prevent surface contamination.
Section 1 - Inputs
Please assure cells in Section 1 reflect your surge staffing and not daily staffing
What is the total number of MDs at your hospital?1
What is the total number of RNs at your hospital?1
Do you plan to reuse (launder) gowns?2
50
40
No
Does your staff use elastomeric respirators?3
No
Roles
Person/ Shifts per
Shift
day
Persons
per day
→
What percentage of inpatient care staff have elastomeric
respirators?
0
Notes and assumptions - IMPORTANT - please read and change values if needed to be consistent with facility
personnel plans.
Floor Nurses
20
2
40
→
RNs required to staff all floor, monitored, and step down beds including surge beds at usual staffing ratios.
ICU Nurses
10
2
20
→
RNs required to staff all ICU beds including surge beds at usual ratios.
Doctors
6
2
12
→
Include inpatient admitting physicians and consulting physicians (and trainees/residents).
Healthcare Assistants
15
2
30
→
All healthcare assistants (does not include clerical and other non-clinical staff).
4
2
8
4
2
2
1
2
2
2
2
2
2
8
4
4
2
4
→
→
→
→
→
All lab personnel collecting patient samples at bedside.
Respiratory therapists providing bedside care.
Radiology techs with direct exposure to patients.
ECG techs with direct exposure to patients.
Includes spiritual care, biomedical, and other medical/surgical personnel as required.
Environmental
Services
Lab Tech
Respiratory Therapy
Radiology
ECG Tech
Other4
Total Team
66
132
5
Projection 1- Total days (42 - 168)
84
SECTION 1 NOTES
1. Eye protection is reusable and estimated 2 per provider during a pandemic calculated off total providers (RN/physician/APP). Full face flexible
faceshields are preferred to reduce contamination of the mask but are far less durable. If a hospital plans to use these, they should consider restricting use
to certain environments (e.g., ICU) where the risk and exposure may be highest or to situations likely to generate aerosols. If using faceshields, may need
to assume 1/shift and plan stock from the grid in Section 3. Policies and education for appropriate cleaning of the faceshields and goggles are critical to
prevent them from acting as fomites.
2. Laundered gowns assumes a 72 hour cycle time (that is, gowns/24 hours required x3 is supply required).
3. Facilities that use elastomeric respirators reduce their predicted N95 usage according to the percentage of caregivers equipped. Providers should
generally be issued their own elastomeric respirator. Facilities using these must assure appropriate donning, doffing, cleaning, and handling protocols as
per OSHA respiratory protection standards including safe storage between shifts. Facilities should also have replacement particulate filter cartridges
available in the event of contamination, splash exposure, etc.
4. As the pandemic progresses, crisis care strategies such as conservation of gloves and gowns (for body fluid contact only) and re-use of N95 masks for
additional time periods, may have to be implemented based on available resources and prioritization of need for protection.
5. Duration of a pandemic wave is assumed to be 12 weeks (84 days). This may be adjusted from 6 weeks (42 days) up to 24 weeks (168 days).
Contingency and crisis staffing patterns may affect these calculations, e.g., for 8 hour shifts rather than 12, change shifts per day to 3 rather than 2.
Section 2 - PPE Assumptions
Items in tan may be changed by the hospital to account for their pandemic plans
ESTIMATED PPE Needed by Role per Shift
Floor Nurse
ICU Nurse
Doctors
Healthcare Assistant
Env Services
1
Gloves
Shoe cover
Gown 2
N95
8
12
12
8
16
2
2
2
2
4
2
2
2
2
4
1
1
1
1
1
Page 11
�Lab Tech
Respiratory Therapy
Radiology
ECG Tech
Other
12
8
8
8
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
SECTION 2 NOTES
1. Calculations assume the provider uses the same N95 for the whole shift (e.g., has designated location to doff/don mask). Note that this is a crisis standards of care
situation and appropriate only if adequate masks are not available to follow usual infection prevention guidelines. If providers wear N95 only to their next break, change
masks required to 3-4 depending on the number of breaks/shift. PPE consumption may be higher early in the pandemic when cohorting is not performed and providers
must make multiple PPE changes during a shift. Calculations do NOT account for simple masks for patients and family members nor for any PPE for ancillary staff
(nutrition services, pharmacy, etc.) to prevent transmission. Some personnel (e.g., outpatient pharmacy, physical therapy) may need to wear at least some PPE some of
the time. Assumes all staff will be caring for cohorted patients and floor nurses and HCA, RT, radiology, and ECG techs change gloves 4 times to take breaks or for glove
contamination or damage (otherwise use alcohol-based hand hygiene products). Physicians, ICU nurses, and lab change gloves 6 times/shift and environmental services
change 8 times/shift. Use of PAPR and other re-usable (e.g., elastomeric) respirators will decrease N95 use. Use of more than 1 N95/shift will increase use
dramatically.
2. CDC specifies "clean" gowns. Facilities should determine what type of gown will be used, including clean isolation gowns vs. disposable fluid-resistant, etc.
Section 3 - Outputs
Total Eye Protection: 1
180
Totals days:
84
PPE changes
for total
days
Floor Nurse
ICU Nurse
Doctors
Healthcare Assistant
Environmental Services
Lab Tech
Respiratory Therapy
Radiology
ECG Tech
Other
Total PPE needed for total days
3360
1680
1008
2520
672
672
336
336
168
336
Gloves
Shoe cover
Gown
N95
26880
20160
12096
20160
10752
8064
2688
2688
1344
672
105504
6720
3360
2016
5040
2688
1344
672
672
336
672
23520
6720
3360
2016
5040
2688
1344
672
672
336
336
23184
3360
1680
1008
2520
672
672
336
336
168
336
11088
SECTION 3 NOTES
1. Reusable eye protection must be decontaminated per manufacturer recommendations. Face shields and other disposable eye protection may be used
but will require large quantities. Full face flexible faceshields are preferred to reduce contamination of the mask but are far less durable. If a hospital plans
to use these, they should consider restricting use to certain environments (e.g., ICU) where the risk and exposure may be highest or to situations likely to
generate aerosols. If using faceshields, may need to assume 1/shift and plan stock from the grid in Section 3. Policies and education for appropriate
cleaning of the faceshields and goggles are critical to prevent them from acting as fomites.
Contingency and crisis plans may reduce the need for PPE but further increase provider risk - for example, glove and gown use could be restricted to higher
risk exposure patient encounters or limited to certain job classes depending on the availability of PPE and the relative risk of exposure.
References
CDC
Halyard
OSHA
The National Academies
of Sciences, Engineering,
and Medicine
WHO
Interim Guidance for Infection Control Within Healthcare Settings When Caring for Confirmed Cases, Probable Cases, and Cases Under Investigation with Novel Influenza A Viruses
Associated with Severe Disease
Recommended Guidance for Extended Use and Limited Reuse of N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirators in Healthcare Settings
10 Questions to Ask Before You Stockpile
Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response Guidance for Healthcare Workers and Healthcare Employers
Reusable Elastomeric Respirators in Health Care: Considerations for Routine and Surge Use
Infection Prevention and Control During Health Care for Confirmed, Probably, or Suspected Cases of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Virus Infection and Influenza-Like Illnesses
Page 12
�Pandemic Influenza
Emergency Department
X
Directions
Enter your staff for the ED into Section 1 tan cells. This section assumes that staff will be wearing PPE each shift throughout the ED. Early in the pandemic PPE may be used
1
for specific patient encounters but this will not be possible during the majority of the weeks. This assumes that N95 masks will be used and re-used during the shift. PPE
calculations are minimums. PPE should always be changed earlier if it becomes soiled or contaminated or when masks become too moist and higher levels or changes of PPE
may be required for airway interventions and other high risk procedures. The calculations do not account for these additional needs nor for theft from stock which may be a
significant issue. Hospitals will need to plan on a modifier (perhaps 25%) to compensate for these losses. Section 2 shows the assumptions about the type and amount of PPE
used per shift/change. PPE requirements depend on the number of staff, not the number of patients. ED providers will have higher turnover of gloves and gowns compared
to inpatient units. Section 3 shows the calculations for your selected staff and duration of the pandemic.
NOTES
1. Re-use of N95 respirators is not advised by manufacturers nor by CDC or other expert groups. Though CDC recommends using a mask
for each patient encounter, there may be no alternative to re-use during a pandemic if shortages preclude recommended infection
prevention practices. Providers could each use 20-40 masks/shift, depending on their responsibilities and how often they enter patient
rooms. Most institutions plan on assigning a tray for each provider so that the N95 can be removed and set on its front, then picked up by
the straps again to re-apply. Hand hygiene is critical. The masks must be disposed of if they become contaminated, are worn during
procedures likely to generate significant aerosols, are damaged, etc. as outlined in CDC guidance at:
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/hcwcontrols/recommendedguidanceextuse.html. A faceshield or surgical mask may be worn over the
N95 to prevent surface contamination.
Section 1 - Inputs
Please assure cells in section 1 reflect your surge staffing
What is the total number of MD/APPs on your ED staff roster?1
1
What is the total number of RNs on your ED staff roster?
2
Do you plan to reuse (launder) gowns?
10
20
Yes
Does your staff use elastomeric respirators?3
No
ED Nurses
ED Physicians/Advanced
Practice Providers
Healthcare Assistant
Environmental Services
Lab Tech
Respiratory Therapy
Radiology
Other4
Total Team
Shifts per
day
Persons
per day
12
2
24
→
8
2
16
→
10
2
2
2
2
4
42
2
2
2
2
2
2
16
20
4
4
4
4
8
84
→
→
→
→
→
→
5
What percentage of inpatient care staff have
elastomeric respirators?
0
Notes and assumptions - IMPORTANT - please read and change values if needed to be consistent
with facility personnel plans.
Person/
Shift
Projection 1- Total days (42 - 168)
→
RNs required to staff ED at surge levels per shift (may include urgent care/acute clinic staff)
MD/APP required to staff ED at surge levels per shift (may include urgent care/acute clinic staff
also in addition to trainees)
All healthcare assistants (does not include clerical and other non-clinical staff)
Assigned to the ED
All lab personnel collecting patient samples at bedside in the ED
Respiratory therapists providing ED care
ED radiology techs
Includes spiritual care, biomedical, and other medical/surgical personnel as required.
84
SECTION 1 NOTES
1. Eye protection is reusable and estimated 2 per provider during a pandemic calculated off total providers (RN/physician/APP). Full face flexible
faceshields are preferred to reduce contamination of the mask but are far less durable. If a hospital plans to use these, they should consider restricting
use to certain environments (e.g., resuscitation area) where the risk and exposure may be highest or to situations likely to generate aerosols. If using
faceshields, may need to assume 1/shift and plan stock from the grid in Section 3. Policies and education for appropriate cleaning of the faceshields
and goggles are critical to prevent them from acting as fomites.
2. Laundered gowns assumes a 72 hour cycle time (that is, gowns/24 hours required x3 is supply required).
3. Facilities that use elastomeric respirators may reduce their predicted N95 usage according to percentage of caregivers equipped. Providers should
generally be issued their own elastomeric respirator. Facilities using these must assure appropriate donning, doffing, cleaning, and handling protocols
as per OSHA respiratory protection standards including safe storage between shifts. Facilities should also have replacement particulate filter
cartridges available in the event of contamination, splash exposure, etc.
4. As the pandemic progresses, crisis care strategies such as conservation of gloves and gowns (for body fluid contact only) and re-use of N95 masks
for additional time periods, may have to be implemented based on available resources and prioritization of need for protection.
5. Duration of a pandemic wave is assumed to be 12 weeks (84 days). This may be adjusted from 6 weeks (42 days) up to 24 weeks (168 days).
Contingency and crisis staffing patterns may affect these calculations, e.g., for 8 hour shifts rather than 12, change shifts per day to 3 rather than 2.
Section 2 - PPE Assumptions
Items in tan may be changed by the hospital to account for their pandemic plans
ESTIMATED PPE Needed by Role per Shift1
Gloves
Nurses
Doctor
Healthcare Assistant
24
24
12
Shoe
Gown
cover
Impervious
(optional)
4
4
4
4
4
2
Page 13
N95
1
1
1
�Env Services
Lab Tech
Respiratory Therapy
Radiology
Other
12
8
6
6
4
4
2
2
2
2
4
4
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
SECTION 2 NOTES
1. Calculations assume provider uses same N95 for whole shift (e.g., has designated location to doff/don mask). Note that this is a crisis standards of care
situation and appropriate only if adequate masks are not available to follow usual infection prevention guidelines. If providers wear N95 only to their next break,
change masks required to 3-4 depending on the number of breaks/shift. PPE consumption may be higher early in the pandemic when suspect cases are managed
individually and providers must make multiple PPE changes during a shift. Calculations do NOT account for simple masks for patients and family members nor for
any PPE for ancillary staff (nutrition services, pharmacy, etc.) to prevent transmission. Some personnel (e.g., outpatient pharmacy, physical therapy) may need to
wear at least some PPE some of the time. Assumes ED staff will have higher glove use due to procedures/body fluid exposures as well as to take breaks or for glove
damage (otherwise use alcohol-based hand hygiene products). Use of PAPR and other re-usable (e.g., elastomeric) respirators will decrease N95 use. Use of more
than 1 N95/shift will increase use dramatically.
Section 3 - Outputs
60
Total Eye Protection: 1
Total Days
PPE changes
for total
days
84
Nurses
Doctor
Healthcare Assistant
Env Services
Lab Tech
Respiratory Therapy
Radiology
Other
Total PPE needed for total days
2016
1344
1680
336
336
336
336
672
Gloves
Boot/ shoe
Gown
cover
Impervious
48384
32256
20160
4032
2688
2016
2016
2688
114240
8064
5376
6720
1344
672
672
672
1344
24864
288
192
120
48
48
24
24
24
768
N95
2016
1344
1680
336
336
336
336
672
7056
SECTION 3 NOTES
1. Reusable eye protection must be decontaminated per manufacturer recommendations. Face shields and other disposable eye protection may be
used but will require large quantities. Full face flexible faceshields are preferred to reduce contamination of the mask but are far less durable. If a
hospital plans to use these, they should consider restricting use to certain environments (e.g., resuscitation area) where the risk and exposure may be
highest or to situations likely to generate aerosols. If using faceshields, may need to assume 1/shift and plan stock from the grid in Section 3. Policies
and education for appropriate cleaning of the faceshields and goggles are critical to prevent them from acting as fomites.
Contingency and crisis plans may reduce the need for PPE items - for example, if gloves and gowns are worn only for body fluid exposures or limited to
certain job classes depending on the availability of PPE and the relative risk of exposure.
References
CDC
Halyard
OSHA
The National Academies of
Sciences, Engineering, and
Medicine
WHO
Interim Guidance for Infection Control Within Healthcare Settings When Caring for Confirmed Cases, Probable Cases, and Cases Under Investigation with Novel
Influenza A Viruses Associated with Severe Disease
Recommended Guidance for Extended Use and Limited Reuse of N95 Filtering Facepiece Respirators in Healthcare Settings
10 Questions to Ask Before You Stockpile
Pandemic Influenza Preparedness and Response Guidance for Healthcare Workers and Healthcare Employers
Reusable Elastomeric Respirators in Health Care: Considerations for Routine and Surge Use
g
y
p
Illnesses
Page 14
(
)
�
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/2e6c13dc7b070e14c2f88c696b83a419.xlsx
b94228cb69ee90fc3d7205a9e94425cb
Dublin Core
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Title
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Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://files.asprtracie.hhs.gov/documents/aspr-tracie-hospital-ppe-planning-tool.pdf
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Title
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Hospital Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Planning Tool / Calculator
Subject
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Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
Purpose: The Hospital Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Planning Tool is designed to help hospitals determine approximate minimum PPE needs based on special pathogen category and a number of facility specific variables. Calculators are included for Ebola Virus Disease/Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (EVD/VHF) as well as special respiratory pathogens such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome/Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (MERS/SARS), and for pandemic influenza. The tool does not provide information for less virulent pathogens. It is not intended as a clinical tool and should be used as a pre-incident planning tool and NOT during an outbreak.<br /><br />You can find it in <a href="https://asprtracie.hhs.gov/technical-resources/72/responder-safety-and-health/0#plans-tools-and-templates" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Plans, Tools, and Templates</a>.
Creator
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ASPR TRACIE
Date
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2018
Contributor
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2022-01-19 by Beth Beam
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-01-19
Coronavirus
Ebola
Infection Prevention and Control
MERS-CoV
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-PPE
SARS
Special Pathogens
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/19e8310b5ad109c07dae3616fe424160.pdf
7df2dbc16695c5b9716114ebff5efe93
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PPE CASE
Personal Protective Equipment Conformity Assessment Studies and Evaluations
Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators, Facility One of
Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Efficiency
Performance
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL)
Lee A. Greenawald, Susan M. Moore, Patrick L. Yorio, Kerri Wizner
March 1, 2020
NIOSH found that 344 of 344 N95
filtering facepiece respirators
stockpiled at Facility One that
were 8-11 years old maintained
their inhalation and exhalation
resistance and filtration
performance in accordance with
NIOSH performance standards.
In the event of a national emergency, eighteen million U.S. healthcare
workers may face high-consequence infectious disease exposures
[NIOSH 2017]. Personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gowns,
gloves, goggles, and respirators, is an important measure within the
infection prevention hierarchy of controls. During public health
emergencies, the sudden increase in PPE demand may exceed
supplies for upwards of three months while manufacturers increase
production [ASTHO 2013; Carias et al. 2015]; [Patel et al. 2017]. For
example, during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, local respirator shortages were reported and, during the 2016 Ebola
outbreak and the first U.S. fatality, there was a 10-200 fold increase in PPE orders [DHHS 2012; NIOSH 2018]. To
prepare for these shortages, large quantities of PPE are strategically stockpiled at hospital, local, state, and
federal facilities [NIOSH 1997].
Due to the decision to stockpile PPE, stockpile personnel and decision makers have sought to understand if
stockpiled PPE is still viable following long-term storage. NIOSH does not require approval holders (i.e. those
granted the approval from NIOSH) to designate a shelf life for particulate-only air-purifying respirators (APR),
although some choose to do so and may provide this information on product packaging or online. There is
limited published data to understand the viability of respirators that have undergone long-term storage with or
without a designated shelf life. Over the past decade, the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) and state and local
stockpile personnel asked NIOSH to evaluate the performance of stockpiled PPE as well as better understand
storage conditions in U.S. stockpile facilities that store PPE.
In 2017, NIOSH established a PPE Stockpile Partnership consisting of 1) federal entities and stockpiles; 2) state,
county, and city stockpiles; 3) hospital-related stockpile entities; and 4) a manufacturer trade association to
inform the design and execution of an empirical study to evaluate stockpiled APRs. NIOSH obtained samples of
PPE from geographically dispersed stockpiles with varying storage conditions.
This report describes the inhalation/exhalation resistance and filtration performance of N95 filtering facepiece
APRs collected from Facility One of Ten. This facility is a state stockpile facility.
�How NIOSH Evaluated Respirators and Storage Conditions
Description of Facility One
•
NIOSH researchers visited Facility One in August 2017 (Figure 1). This facility was located within the U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services Region 2, representing New York, New Jersey, Puerto Rico,
and the Virgin Islands.
Assessment of Storage Conditions
•
•
NIOSH, in conjunction with the PPE Partnership members, developed checklists to document site and
packaging (i.e. pallet, case, and box) conditions that may impact respirator performance.
NIOSH documented the following storage conditions: 1) the PPE packaging presence of dust, shrinkwrapping, chemicals, and moisture, 2) exposure to sunlight and direct light; 3) proximity to fans,
windows, doors, and ventilation systems; 4) damage to pallet and product packaging; and 5) location of
pallet on storage rack (e.g., top, bottom) and location of PPE product on pallet (e.g., top/not loadbearing, bottom/load-bearing).
Figure 1: NIOSH documented storage practices at Facility One such as location and type of lighting,
pallet stacking practices, and conditions of the flooring, roofing, and exterior walls.
•
NIOSH reviewed facility temperature and percent relative humidity (%RH) data provided by Facility One
stockpile personnel. This data was collected in 30-minute intervals from March 2014 to February 2017.
Collection of Respirator Samples
•
•
Facility One’s inventory included APRs that are classified as N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs).
Samples were collected from three different manufacturing models 1: 1) 3M 1860 (two different
manufacturing years); 2) Gerson 1730; and 3) Medline/Alpha ProTech (APT) NON27501 2 (Table 1).
Upon reviewing the detailed APR inventories and storage location by lot within Facility One, two
different manufacturing lots for each model were identified and sampled within Facility One. Two lots
Based on the other nine collaborating stockpiles’ inventories, these three models were sampled in order to compare
performance within common respirator models when stored under disparate conditions.
2
The FFR model NON27501 has been manufactured by Alpha ProTech as a private label to Medline under TC-84A-0457.
1
2
�•
were sampled to evaluate and attempt to account for inter-lot variation. Products were collected and
shipped to the NIOSH facility overnight to reduce exposure to non-climate-controlled conditions.
Forty-three respirators were tested from each manufacturing lot for inhalation and exhalation
resistance (n=3) and filtration performance testing (n=40) 3.
Selection of Control Respirators
•
Control respirators of the same model as those sampled from the facility were purchased from the open
market to be used as a comparison between stockpiled and new respirators.
Characteristics of Sampled Respirators
•
Table 1 provides a summary of the respirator models sampled from Facility One.
Table 1. FFRs Sampled from Stockpile Facility One
Model
Lot #
Year of
Manufacture
Shelf Life on
Packaging?
3M 1860
3M 1860
3M 1860
3M 1860
Gerson 1730
Gerson 1730
Medline/APT
NON 27501
Medline/APT
NON27501
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
2009
2009
2008
2008
2006
2006
No
No
No
No
No
No
Lot A
2008
No
Lot B
2008
No
Respirator Age at
Time of Testing 4
8 years
9 years
11 years
9 years
Shelf Life
Status at Time
of Testing
Past 5-year shelf
life 5
Past 5-year shelf
life3
No shelf life
designated
No shelf life
designated
Evaluation of Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance
Twenty-three control respirators were tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance. The Gerson 1730 and Medline/APT NON27501 controls were manufactured in 2017
and the 3M 1860 controls were manufactured in 2018. NIOSH testing requirements state that a
minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance. The same
three respirators can be used for both inhalation and exhalation resistance testing [NIOSH 2018].
• Inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration performance of the stockpiled and control
respirators were evaluated using the same Standard Test Procedures (STPs) NIOSH uses for
approving respirators under 42 Code of Federal Regulations Part 84, “Approval of Respiratory
Protective Devices” [NIOSH 2018] (Table 2).
Table 2 describes the method for evaluating the inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance of sampled respirators and control respirators.
•
•
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance and a minimum of 20 must be tested for filtration efficiency [NIOSH 2018].
4
Testing was completed in 2017.
5
In 2013, 3M designated a five-year shelf life for the 3M 1860 model [3M 2018]. As of February 2020, this model still has a
five-year shelf life.
3
3
�Table 2. NIOSH Tests Conducted to Evaluate Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration
Performance.
NIOSH Standard Test
Procedures (STPs)
STP 3: Exhalation Resistance
STP 7: Inhalation Resistance
STP 59: Particulate Filter
Efficiency for N95
Pass/Fail Criteria for APRs
<25 mm H 2 O column @ 85 liters
per minute (LPM)
<35 mm H 2 O column @ 85 LPM
<5.0% particulate penetration
(>95.0% filter efficiency)
Stockpiled Respirators
Tested Per
Manufacturing Lot
Control Respirators
Tested
36
35
35
35
40 7
20
What NIOSH Found Through Inspection, Testing, and Evaluation
Storage Conditions
•
Visual Inspections—Dust and damage to product packaging was limited or not observed at Facility One;
examples of the most amount of dust and damage to product packaging are shown in Figures 2 and 3.
Of the 344 respirators visually inspected, only one concern was noted, which was a slight deformation to
one Gerson 1730 respirator (Figure 4).
Figure 2: Most amount of dust observed on product cases from Facility One.
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance. The same three respirators can be used for both inhalation and exhalation resistance testing.
7
An increased sample size was used for the stockpiled respirators as opposed to the control respirators to increase the
precision of the performance estimates investigated.
6
4
�Figure 3: Most amount of product case damage observed from Facility One.
Figure 4: Most amount of product damage observed from Facility One.
•
•
Temperature was controlled; temperature and %RH were monitored. Facility lights were off when not in
use and no windows allowed sunlight to enter the facility. No evidence of excess moisture or chemical
spills that persisted beyond immediate mitigation were observed. Pallets were shrink wrapped around
the four pallet sides but not across the top or bottom. With the exception of the top-most row, pallets
were separated by racks. On the top-most row, pallets were stacked two-high causing some weight/load
to be applied to the bottom pallet.
Percent RH (Figure 5) and Temperature (Figure 6)
o At the time of publication, the recommended storage requirements for %RH and temperature
are
3M 1860: remain under 80 %RH; remain within -4°F to 86°F [3M 2017]
Gerson 1730: remain under 80 %RH; remain within -4°F to 95°F [Gerson 2019]
Medline/APT NON27501: avoid excessive moisture (water droplets or direct submersion
in water); avoid prolonged extreme temperatures (< 60°F and >80°F) [Alpha ProTech
2019]
o The average temperature between the 2014-2017 time period was 71.3°F. The average %RH
between 2014-2019 was 38.3%; these averages are within the 3M, Gerson, and APT
recommended temperature and %RH storage conditions.
o No %RH or temperature data points deviated from the recommended storage conditions for the
3M 1860, Medline/APT, or the Gerson 1730 respirator models.
5
�o
Some respirators from Facility One were previously stored and deployed from a federal SNS
facility. Although the current tracking process does not allow for retrieval of the historical
location(s) and environmental conditions for these sampled products, subsequent discussions
with SNS leadership suggest that SNS storage conditions met the recommended conditions.
6
�Figure 5: Percent Relative Humidity (% RH) from March 2014 – February 2017 for two data loggers stored at
Facility One. Data is plotted as a 50-point moving average for visualization purposes. Maximum and minimum
temperatures reported are noted for each data logger.
7
�Figure 6: Temperatures from March 2014 – February 2017 for two data loggers stored at Facility One. Data is
plotted as a 50-point moving average for visualization purposes. Maximum and minimum temperatures
reported are noted for each data logger.
8
�Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the inhalation and exhalation resistance for a total of 24 stockpiled and 9 control
respirators. All stockpiled and control respirators from each model passed these tests (Figure 7).
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there were no statistically significant differences (defined as
α<0.05) between the FFR controls and FFR stockpiled respirators for inhalation and exhalation
resistance when averaging across models.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the following statistically significant differences were
detected: 1) Gerson 1730 stockpiled Lot A had a statistically higher inhalation resistance; 2) Gerson 1730
stockpiled Lot A had a statistically higher exhalation resistance; and 3) Medline/APT NON27501
stockpiled Lot B had a statistically lower exhalation resistance. The mean inhalation and exhalation
resistances values are shown in Figure 7.
For inhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (11.93 mm
H 2 O) was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (35 mm H 2 O allowable maximum). For
exhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (11.43 mm H 2 O)
was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (25 mm H 2 O allowable maximum).
9
�Figure 7: Control and stockpiled respirator inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance data. N95 FFRs must have
an inhalation resistance less than 35 mmH 2 O and an exhalation resistance less than 25 mmH 2 O. The pass/fail
threshold for inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance is shown by the red line. Error bars represent the 99%
confidence interval and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any
repeated samples tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
10
�Filtration Performance
•
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the particulate penetration efficiency for 320 stockpiled respirators and 60 controls. All
stockpiled and control respirators from each model passed this test (Figure 8).
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there were no statistically significant differences (defined as
α<0.05) between the FFR controls and FFR stockpiled respirators for filtration when averaging across
models.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the following statistically significant differences were
detected: 1) 3M 1860 stockpiled 2008 Lot A had a higher penetration; 2) 3M 1860 stockpiled 2009 Lot B
had a higher penetration; 3) Gerson 1730 stockpiled Lot B had a higher penetration; and 4) Medline/APT
NON27501 stockpiled Lot A and B had a statistically significantly lower penetration. The mean percent
particle penetration for each lot of respirators tested is shown in Figure 8.
The individual stockpiled respirator with the highest penetration (4.43%) was nearly identical to the
control respirator with the highest penetration (4.44%), with both being below the NIOSH maximum
limit for product approval (5.0% penetration allowable).
Additionally, the respirator shown in Figure 4 that had a visual inspection concern had a value of 1.00%
maximum penetration when tested and, therefore, was not the stockpiled respirator associated with the
highest penetration.
Figure 8: Control and stockpiled respirator particle filtration performance data. N95 FFRs must have a particle
penetration of less than 5.0%. Error bars represent the 99% confidence interval and estimate the population
parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested and evaluated from this
lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
11
�CASE Findings
Findings for the Gerson 1730 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. No shelf
life was designated for this model by the approval holder. These findings pertain to Gerson 1730 units from
Facility One and may not be applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage
conditions.
Findings for the 3M 1860 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. This model
currently has a five-year shelf life; Appendix 1 shows a 3M letter to end users with shelf life and recommended
storage condition information [3M 2020]. Thus, these respirators tested are past their designated shelf life.
These findings pertain to 3M units from Facility One and may not be applicable to other stockpile facilities
and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Findings for the Medline/Alpha ProTech NON27501 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. No shelf
life was designated for this model (Appendix 2, [Alpha ProTech, 2020]). These findings pertain to Medline/Alpha
ProTech units from Facility One and may not be applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under different
environmental storage conditions.
Stockpile Storage Conditions:
The data made available by Facility One to the NIOSH research team suggests that all three respirator models
evaluated in this study were stored in an environment that was within the previously described
recommendations for %RH and temperature. Stored under these conditions, NIOSH found that the 344 N95
FFRs evaluated in this study, which were 8-11 years old, maintained their inhalation and exhalation resistance
and filtration performance (i.e., all respirators were below the NIOSH maximum limit as defined by 42 CFR Part
84).
NIOSH regulation sets the minimum quality and performance requirements for the approval of respirators
[NIOSH 1997]. NIOSH does not have requirements for shelf life or storage conditions for particulate-only APRs.
The approval holder 8 (i.e. the entity that is granted the approval from NIOSH) is responsible for understanding
how their products’ design or performance may be affected by various use or storage conditions and must
provide instruction for establishing the proper use, storage, and maintenance procedures for their approved
products, which may include designating a shelf life [NIOSH 2019]. FFR or particulate filter packaging (such as
the box) often includes NIOSH-approved user instructions, label information, and recommendations on shelf life.
Additionally, some approval holders also disseminate recommendations related to storage and shelf life through
8
An approval may be granted to a non-manufacturing entity.
12
�resources such as user and web notices. The respirators tested in this study were generally not designed for
long-term storage.
At this time, we do not have enough information to definitively know the level of protection that may be
provided by respirators that 1) are stored for prolonged periods of times; 2) are stored under various storage
conditions; or 3) have exceeded the approval holder’s designated shelf life. Users of respirators that have
exceeded the designated shelf life should be forewarned to avoid a false sense of confidence; these devices may
not provide the same level of protection as those that have not exceeded the designated shelf life. We
recommend contacting the approval holder(s) of the respirators in the stockpile with specific questions
regarding the use of product beyond the designated shelf life.
13
�What Can Stockpile Personnel Do to Learn More about the
Respirators in their Stockpile?
•
•
•
Stockpile personnel should check the product information from the approval holder as well as the
NIOSH Certified Equipment List to remain up-to-date on product storage conditions, shelf-life
information, and NIOSH approval status. Check NIOSH’s Certified Equipment List to verify the respirator
model currently maintains its NIOSH approval at
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/cel/default.html
Stockpile personnel should work with the approval holder(s) of the stockpiled products with specific
questions regarding the use of expired product.
Sign up for NPPTL’s Listserv at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/sub-NPPTL.html to receive email
notifications relevant to PPE.
For more information related to personal protective equipment, visit the NIOSH NPPTL website
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/
Get More Information
Find NIOSH products and get answers to workplace safety and health questions:
1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) | TTY: 1-888-232-6348
CDC/NIOSH INFO: cdc.gov/info | cdc.gov/niosh
Monthly NIOSH eNews: cdc.gov/niosh/eNews
All photos courtesy of NIOSH NPPTL.
Disclaimer
The recommendations in this report are made based on the findings at the stockpile evaluated and may not be
applicable to other stockpile facilities.
Mention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH). In addition, citations to websites external to NIOSH do not constitute NIOSH endorsement of the sponsoring organizations or
their programs or products. Furthermore, NIOSH is not responsible for the content of these websites. All web addresses referenced in
this document were accessible as of the publication date.
14
�Suggested Citation
NIOSH PPE CASE: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators:
Facility One of Ten. By Greenawald, L., Moore, S., Yorio, P., and Wizner, K. Pittsburgh, PA U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
References
3M [2017]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Filtering Facepiece/Disposable Respirator Storage Conditions and Shelf Life. St.
Paul, MN. https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1015853O/faq-3m-filtering-facepiece-disposable-respirator-storageconditions-and-shelf-life.pdf [accessed February 27, 2020].
3M [2018]. 3M Personal Safety Division Letter. St. Paul, MN: The 3M Company.
https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1430383O/3m-filtering-facepiece-shelf-life-letter.pdf.
3M [2020]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Health Care Particulate Respirator and Surgical Masks Storage Conditions and
Shelf Life. St. Paul, MN. http://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/869238O/3m-health-care-particulate-respirator-andsurgical-masks-storage-conditions-and-shelf-life-faq.pdf
Alpha ProTech [2019] Alpha ProTech Customer Service Representative, email correspondence, October 1, 2019.
Alpha ProTech [2020] Shelf Life/Expiration Dating. (Appendix 2)
ASTHO [2013]. Federal Emergency Preparedness Directives and Systems- Emergency Authority and Immunity Toolkit.
Arlington, VA: Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. http://www.astho.org/Programs/Preparedness/PublicHealth-Emergency-Law/Emergency-Authority-and-Immunity-Toolkit/Federal-Emergency-Preparedness-Directives-andSystems-Fact-Sheet/.
Carias C, Rainisch G, Shankar M, Adhikari BB, Swerdlow DL, Bower WA, Piliai SK, Meltzer MI, Koonin LM [2015]. Potential
demand for respirators and surgical masks during a hypothetical influenza pandemic in the United States. Clinical Infectious
Diseases 60 (1): S42-S51 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/civ141.
DHHS [2012]. An HHS retrospective on the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic to advance all hazards preparedness.
Washington D.C: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/mcm/h1n1retrospective/Documents/h1n1-retrospective.pdf.
Gerson [2019]. Gerson Customer Service, email correspondence, October 1, 2019.
NIOSH [1997]. 42 CFR Part 84 respiratory protective devices. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/pt84abs2.html.
NIOSH [2017]. Workplace safety and health topics: healthcare workers. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/healthcare/default.html.
NIOSH [2018]. Standard respirator testing procedures. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/stps/apresp.html.
NIOSH [2019]. NIOSH conformity assessment notice: NIOSH CA 2019-1012, NIOSH respirator approval contents and
meaning. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/resources/pressrel/letters/conformitynotice/CA-2019-1012.html.
15
�Patel A, D'Alessandro M, Ireland KJ, Burel WG, Wencil EB, Rasmussen SA [2017]. Personal protective equipment supply
chain: lessons learned from recent public health emergency responses. Health Security. 15 (3): 244-252
https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2016.0129.
Rottach DR, Lei Z [2017] Stockpiled N95 filtering facepiece respirator polyisoprene strap performance. J Int Soc Respir Prot.
34 (2): 69-80 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6198819/.
16
�Appendix 1 [3M 2020]
17
�18
�19
�Appendix 2 [Alpha ProTech 2020]
20
�
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/536e8a45d9e9c455c4e3e8dca88d872e.pdf
4c6fc0583e6b7f7b9bbaf86e711c8f55
PDF Text
Text
PPE CASE
Personal Protective Equipment Conformity Assessment Studies and Evaluations
Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators, Facility Two of
Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Efficiency
Performance
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL)
Lee A. Greenawald, Susan M. Moore, Patrick L. Yorio
March 1, 2020
NIOSH found that 301 of 301
N95 filtering facepiece
respirators stockpiled at Facility
Two that were 8-11 years old
maintained their inhalation and
exhalation resistance and
filtration performance in
accordance with NIOSH
performance standards.
In the event of a national emergency, eighteen million U.S. healthcare
workers may face high-consequence infectious disease exposures
[NIOSH 2017]. Personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gowns,
gloves, goggles, and respirators, is an important measure within the
infection prevention hierarchy of controls. During public health
emergencies, the sudden increase in PPE demand may exceed
supplies for upwards of three months while manufacturers increase
production [ASTHO 2013; Carias et al. 2015]; [Patel et al. 2017]. For
example, during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, local respirator shortages
were reported and, during the 2016 Ebola outbreak and the first U.S. fatality, there was a 10-200 fold increase in
PPE orders [DHHS 2012; NIOSH 2018]. To prepare for these shortages, large quantities of PPE are strategically
stockpiled at hospital, local, state, and federal facilities [NIOSH 1997].
Due to the decision to stockpile PPE, stockpile personnel and decision makers have sought to understand if
stockpiled PPE is still viable following long-term storage. NIOSH does not require approval holders (i.e. those
granted the approval from NIOSH) to designate a shelf life for particulate-only air-purifying respirators (APR),
although some choose to do so and may provide this information on product packaging or online. There is
limited published data to understand the viability of respirators that have undergone long-term storage with or
without a designated shelf life. Over the past decade, the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) and state and local
stockpile personnel asked NIOSH to evaluate the performance of stockpiled PPE as well as better understand
storage conditions in U.S. stockpile facilities that store PPE.
In 2017, NIOSH established a PPE Stockpile Partnership consisting of 1) federal entities and stockpiles; 2) state,
county, and city stockpiles; 3) hospital-related stockpile entities; and 4) a manufacturer trade association to
inform the design and execution of an empirical study to evaluate stockpiled APRs. NIOSH obtained samples of
PPE from geographically dispersed stockpiles with varying storage conditions.
This report details the inhalation/exhalation resistance and filtration performance of N95 filtering facepiece
APRs collected from Facility Two of Ten. This facility is a state stockpile facility.
�How NIOSH Evaluated Respirators and Storage Conditions
Description of Facility Two
•
NIOSH researchers visited Facility Two in November 2017 (Figure 1). This facility was located within the
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Region 2, representing New York, New Jersey, Puerto
Rico, and the Virgin Islands.
Assessment of Storage Conditions
•
•
NIOSH, in conjunction with the PPE Partnership members, developed checklists to document site and
packaging (i.e. pallet, case, and box) conditions that may impact respirator performance.
NIOSH documented the following storage conditions: 1) the PPE packaging presence of dust, shrinkwrapping, chemicals, and moisture, 2) exposure to sunlight and direct light; 3) proximity to fans,
windows, doors, and ventilation systems; 4) damage to pallet and product packaging; and 5) location of
pallet on storage rack (e.g., top, bottom) and location of PPE product on pallet (e.g., top/not loadbearing, bottom/load-bearing).
Figure 1: NIOSH researchers documented storage practices at Facility Two such as location and type of
lighting, pallet stacking practices, and conditions of the flooring, roofing, and exterior walls.
•
NIOSH reviewed facility temperature and percent relative humidity (%RH) data provided by Facility Two
stockpile personnel. This data was collected in 30-minute intervals from September 2013 to August
2016.
Collection of Respirator Samples
•
•
NIOSH collected samples for three APR models stockpiled at Facility Two. Facility Two’s inventory
included APRs that are classified as N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs). Samples were collected
from two different manufacturing models 1: 1) 3M 1860 (three different manufacturing years) and 2)
Gerson 1730 (one manufacturing year) (Table 1).
Upon reviewing the detailed APR inventories and storage location by lot within Facility Two, two
different manufacturing lots for each model were identified and sampled within Facility Two. Two lots
Based on the other nine collaborating stockpiles’ inventories, these two models were sampled in order to compare
performance within common respirator models when stored under disparate conditions.
1
2
�•
were sampled to evaluate and attempt to account for inter-lot variation. Products were sampled and
shipped to the NIOSH facility overnight to reduce exposure to non-climate-controlled conditions.
Forty-three respirators were tested from each manufacturing lot for inhalation and exhalation
resistance (n=3) and filtration performance testing (n=40) 2.
Selection of Control Respirators
•
Control respirators of the same model as those sampled from the facility were purchased from the open
market to be used as a comparison between stockpiled and new respirators.
Characteristics of Sampled Respirators
Table 1 provides a summary of the respirator models sampled from Facility Two.
Table 1. FFRs Sampled from Stockpile Facility Two
Model
Lot #
Year of
Manufacture
Shelf Life on
Packaging?
3M 1860
3M 1860
3M 1860
3M 1860
3M 1860
3M 1860
Gerson 1730
Gerson 1730
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
2006
2006
2008
2008
2009
2009
2006
2006
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Respirator Age at
Time of Testing 3
11 years
9 years
8 years
11 years
Shelf Life
Status at Time
of Testing
Past 5-year shelf
life 4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
No shelf life
designated
Evaluation of Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance
•
•
•
Twenty-three control respirators were tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance. The Gerson 1730 controls were manufactured in 2017 and the 3M 1860 controls were
manufactured in 2018. NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must
be tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance. The same three respirators can be used for both
inhalation and exhalation resistance testing [NIOSH 2018].
Inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration performance of the stockpiled and control respirators
were evaluated using the same Standard Test Procedures (STPs) NIOSH uses for approving respirators
under 42 Code of Federal Regulations Part 84, “Approval of Respiratory Protective Devices” [NIOSH
2018] (Table 2).
Table 2 describes the method for evaluating the inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance of sampled respirators and control respirators.
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance and a minimum of 20 must be tested for filtration efficiency [NIOSH 2018].
3
Testing was completed in 2017.
4
In 2013, 3M designated a five-year shelf life for the 3M 1860 model [3M 2018]. As of February 2020, this model still has a
five-year shelf life.
2
3
�Table 2. NIOSH Tests Conducted to Evaluate Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration
Performance.
NIOSH Standard Test
Procedures (STPs)
STP 3: Exhalation Resistance
STP 7: Inhalation Resistance
STP 59: Particulate Filter
Efficiency for N95
Pass/Fail Criteria for APRs
<25 mm H 2 O column @ 85 liters
per minute (LPM)
<35 mm H 2 O column @ 85 LPM
<5.0% particulate penetration
(>95.0% filter efficiency)
Stockpiled Respirators
Tested Per
Manufacturing Lot
Control Respirators
Tested
35
35
35
35
40 6
20
What NIOSH Found Through Inspection, Testing, and Evaluation
Storage Conditions
•
Visual Inspections—Dust and damage to product packaging was limited or not observed at Facility Two;
examples of the most amount of dust and damage to product packaging are shown in Figures 2 and 3.
Of the 301 respirators visually inspected, twelve concerns were noted which involved respirator nose
foam sticking to adjacent units for the 3M 1860 model (Figure 4).
Figure 2: Most amount of dust observed on product cases from Facility Two.
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance. The same three respirators can be used for both inhalation and exhalation resistance testing.
6
An increased sample size was used for the stockpiled respirators as opposed to the control respirators to increase the
precision of the performance estimates investigated.
5
4
�Figure 3: Most amount of product case damage observed from Facility Two.
Figure 4: Most amount of product damage observed from Facility Two.
•
•
Facility Two shared the warehouse space with another entity. On Facility Two’s side, facility lights were
off when not in use and no windows allowed sunlight to enter the facility. Stockpile personnel noted
that although temperature and %RH are monitored, there is no air-conditioning, but fans exist and
circulate air throughout the facility. No evidence of excess moisture or chemical spills that persisted
beyond immediate mitigation were observed. Generally, the pallets were shrink wrapped around the
four pallet sides but not across the top or bottom. Pallets were separated by metal racks, preventing
weight/load applied to individual pallets.
Percent RH (Figure 5) and Temperature (Figure 6)
o At the time of publication, the recommended storage requirements for %RH and temperature
are
3M 1860: remain under 80 %RH; remain within -4°F to 86°F [3M 2017]
Gerson 1730: remain under 80 %RH; remain within -4°F to 95°F [Gerson 2019]
o The average temperature between the 2013-2016 time period was 73.3°F. The average %RH
between 2013-2016 was 40.4%; these averages are within the 3M and Gerson recommended
temperature and %RH storage conditions.
o No %RH or temperature data points deviated from the recommended storage conditions for the
3M 1860 or the Gerson 1730 respirator models.
5
�o
Some respirators from Facility Two were previously stored and deployed from a federal SNS
facility. Although the current tracking process does not allow for retrieval of the historical
location(s) and environmental conditions for these sampled products, subsequent discussions
with SNS leadership suggest that SNS storage conditions met recommended conditions.
6
�Figure 5: Percent Relative Humidity (% RH) from September 2013 – June 2016 for two data loggers stored at
Facility Two. Data is plotted as a 50-point moving average for visualization purposes. Maximum and minimum
temperatures reported are noted for each data logger.
7
�Figure 6: Temperatures from September 2013 – June 2016 for two data loggers stored at Facility Two. Data is
plotted as a 50-point moving average for visualization purposes. Maximum and minimum temperatures
reported are noted for each data logger.
8
�Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the inhalation and exhalation resistance for a total of 21 stockpiled and 6 control
respirators. All stockpiled and control respirators from each model passed these tests (Figure 7).
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there were no statistically significant differences (defined as
α<0.05) between the FFR controls and FFR stockpiled respirators for inhalation and exhalation
resistance when averaging across models.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the Gerson 1730 stockpiled 2008 Lot A was statistically
significantly higher for both inhalation and exhalation resistance. The mean inhalation and exhalation
resistance values are shown in Figure 7.
For inhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (10.40 mm
H 2 O) was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (35 mm H 2 O allowable maximum). For
exhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (9.63 mm H 2 O)
was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (25 mm H 2 O allowable maximum).
9
�Figure 7: Control and stockpiled respirator inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance data. N95 FFRs must have
an inhalation resistance less than 35 mmH 2 O and an exhalation resistance less than 25 mmH 2 O. The pass/fail
threshold for inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance is shown by the red line. Error bars represent the 99%
confidence interval and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any
repeated samples tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
10
�Filtration Performance
•
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the particulate penetration efficiency for 280 stockpiled respirators and 40 controls. All
stockpiled and control respirators from each model passed this test (Figure 8).
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there were no statistically significant differences (defined as
α<0.05) between the FFR controls and FFR stockpiled respirators for filtration when averaging across
models.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the following statistically significant differences were
detected: 1) 3M 1860 stockpiled 2006 Lot A had a higher penetration; 2) 3M 1860 stockpiled 2008 Lot A
had a higher penetration; 3) 3M 1860 stockpiled 2008 Lot B had a lower penetration; 4) 3M 1860
stockpiled 2009 Lot B had a lower penetration; and 5) Gerson 1730 stockpiled 2008 Lot A had a higher
penetration. The mean percent particle penetration for each lot of respirators tested is shown in Figure
8.
None of the individual respirators tested exceeded the 5.0% maximum. The highest penetration for an
individual stockpiled respirator was 2.82% and the highest penetration for an individual control
respirator was 1.59%, both being below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval.
Additionally, the respirator shown in Figure 4 is an example of one of 12 respirators where the nose
foam stuck together. The highest maximum penetration when these units were tested was 1.61%, and,
therefore, was not the stockpiled respirator associated with the highest penetration.
Figure 8: Control and stockpiled respirator particle filtration performance data. N95 FFRs must have a particle
penetration of less than 5.0%. Error bars represent the 99% confidence interval and estimate the population
parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested and evaluated from this
lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
11
�CASE Findings
Findings for the Gerson 1730 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. No shelf
life was designated for this model by the approval holder. These findings pertain to Gerson 1730 units from
Facility Two and may not be applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage
conditions.
Findings for the 3M 1860 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. This model
currently has a five-year designated shelf life; the Appendix shows a 3M letter to end users with shelf life and
recommended storage condition information [3M 2020]. Thus, these respirators tested are past their designated
shelf life. These findings pertain to 3M units from Facility Two and may not be applicable to other stockpile
facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Stockpile Storage Conditions:
The data made available by Facility Two to the NIOSH research team suggests that both respirator models
evaluated in this study were stored in an environment that was within the previously described
recommendations for %RH and temperature. Stored under these conditions, NIOSH found that the 301 N95
FFRs evaluated in this study, which were 8-11 years old, maintained their inhalation and exhalation resistance
and filtration performance (i.e., all respirators were below the NIOSH maximum limit as defined by 42 CFR Part
84).
NIOSH regulation sets the minimum quality and performance requirements for the approval of respirators
[NIOSH 1997]. NIOSH does not have requirements for shelf life or storage conditions for particulate-only APRs.
The approval holder 7 (i.e. the entity that is granted the approval from NIOSH) is responsible for understanding
how their products’ design or performance may be affected by various use or storage conditions and must
provide instruction for establishing the proper use, storage, and maintenance procedures for their approved
products, which may include designating a shelf life [NIOSH 2019]. FFR or particulate filter packaging (such as
the box) often includes NIOSH-approved user instructions, label information, and recommendations on shelf life.
Additionally, some approval holders also disseminate recommendations related to storage and shelf life through
resources such as user and web notices. The respirators tested in this study were generally not designed for
long-term storage.
At this time, we do not have enough information to definitively know the level of protection that may be
provided by respirators that 1) are stored for prolonged periods of times; 2) are stored under various storage
conditions; or 3) have exceeded the approval holder’s designated shelf life. Users of respirators that have
exceeded the designated shelf life should be forewarned to avoid a false sense of confidence; these devices may
not provide the same level of protection as those that have not exceeded the designated shelf life. We
7
An approval may be granted to a non-manufacturing entity.
12
�recommend contacting the approval holder(s) of the respirators in the stockpile with specific questions
regarding the use of product beyond the manufacturer- designated shelf life.
What Can Stockpile Personnel Do to Learn More about the
Respirators in their Stockpile?
•
•
•
Stockpile personnel should check the product information from the approval holder as well as the
NIOSH Certified Equipment List to remain up-to-date on product storage conditions, shelf-life
information, and NIOSH approval status. Check NIOSH’s Certified Equipment List to verify the respirator
model currently maintains its NIOSH approval at
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/cel/default.html
Stockpile personnel should work with the approval holder(s) of the stockpiled products with specific
questions regarding the use of expired product.
Sign up for NPPTL’s Listserv at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/sub-NPPTL.html to receive email
notifications relevant to PPE.
For more information related to personal protective equipment, visit the NIOSH NPPTL website
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/
Get More Information
Find NIOSH products and get answers to workplace safety and health questions:
1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) | TTY: 1-888-232-6348
CDC/NIOSH INFO: cdc.gov/info | cdc.gov/niosh
Monthly NIOSH eNews: cdc.gov/niosh/eNews
All photos courtesy of NIOSH NPPTL.
Disclaimer
The recommendations in this report are made based on the findings at the stockpile evaluated and may not be
applicable to other stockpile facilities.
Mention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH). In addition, citations to websites external to NIOSH do not constitute NIOSH endorsement of the sponsoring organizations or
their programs or products. Furthermore, NIOSH is not responsible for the content of these websites. All web addresses referenced in
this document were accessible as of the publication date.
13
�Suggested Citation
NIOSH PPE CASE: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators:
Facility Two of Ten. By Greenawald, L., Moore, S., and Yorio, P. Pittsburgh, PA U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
References
3M [2017]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Filtering Facepiece/Disposable Respirator Storage Conditions and Shelf Life. St.
Paul, MN. https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1015853O/faq-3m-filtering-facepiece-disposable-respirator-storageconditions-and-shelf-life.pdf [accessed February 27, 2020].
3M [2018]. 3M Personal Safety Division Letter. St. Paul, MN: The 3M Company.
https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1430383O/3m-filtering-facepiece-shelf-life-letter.pdf.
3M [2020]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Health Care Particulate Respirator and Surgical Masks Storage Conditions and
Shelf Life. St. Paul, MN. http://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/869238O/3m-health-care-particulate-respirator-andsurgical-masks-storage-conditions-and-shelf-life-faq.pdf
ASTHO [2013]. Federal Emergency Preparedness Directives and Systems- Emergency Authority and Immunity Toolkit.
Arlington, VA: Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. http://www.astho.org/Programs/Preparedness/PublicHealth-Emergency-Law/Emergency-Authority-and-Immunity-Toolkit/Federal-Emergency-Preparedness-Directives-andSystems-Fact-Sheet/.
Carias C, Rainisch G, Shankar M, Adhikari BB, Swerdlow DL, Bower WA, Piliai SK, Meltzer MI, Koonin LM [2015]. Potential
demand for respirators and surgical masks during a hypothetical influenza pandemic in the United States. Clinical Infectious
Diseases 60 (1): S42-S51 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/civ141.
DHHS [2012]. An HHS retrospective on the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic to advance all hazards preparedness.
Washington D.C: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/mcm/h1n1retrospective/Documents/h1n1-retrospective.pdf.
Gerson [2019] Gerson Customer Service, email correspondence, October 1, 2019.
NIOSH [1997]. 42 CFR Part 84 respiratory protective devices. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/pt84abs2.html.
NIOSH [2017]. Workplace safety and health topics: healthcare workers. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/healthcare/default.html.
NIOSH [2018]. Standard respirator testing procedures. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/stps/apresp.html.
NIOSH [2019]. NIOSH conformity assessment notice: NIOSH CA 2019-1012, NIOSH respirator approval contents and
meaning. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/resources/pressrel/letters/conformitynotice/CA-2019-1012.html.
Patel A, D'Alessandro M, Ireland KJ, Burel WG, Wencil EB, Rasmussen SA [2017]. Personal protective equipment supply
chain: lessons learned from recent public health emergency responses. Health Security. 15 (3): 244-252
https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2016.0129.
14
�Rottach DR, Lei Z [2017] Stockpiled N95 filtering facepiece respirator polyisoprene strap performance. J Int Soc Respir Prot.
34 (2): 69-80 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6198819/.
15
�Appendix [3M 2020]
16
�17
�18
�
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/33b1087f89f805f43f26e2736e0c2fb1.pdf
4fb20b7e3f83bb778d8170c51a39f4c8
PDF Text
Text
PPE CASE
Personal Protective Equipment Conformity Assessment Studies and Evaluations
Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators, Facility Three
of Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration
Efficiency Performance
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL)
Lee A. Greenawald, Susan M. Moore, Patrick L. Yorio
March 1, 2020
NIOSH found that 256 of 258 N95
filtering facepiece respirators
stockpiled at Facility Three that
were 8-11 years old maintained
their inhalation and exhalation
resistance and filtration
performance in accordance with
NIOSH performance standards.
In the event of a national emergency, eighteen million U.S. healthcare
workers may face high-consequence infectious disease exposures
[NIOSH 2017]. Personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gowns,
gloves, goggles, and respirators, is an important measure within the
infection prevention hierarchy of controls. During public health
emergencies, the sudden increase in PPE demand may exceed
supplies for upwards of three months while manufacturers increase
production [ASTHO 2013; Carias et al. 2015]; [Patel et al. 2017]. For
example, during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, local respirator shortages were reported and, during the 2016 Ebola
outbreak and the first U.S. fatality, there was a 10-200 fold increase in PPE orders [DHHS 2012; NIOSH 2018]. To
prepare for these shortages, large quantities of PPE are strategically stockpiled at hospital, local, state, and
federal facilities [NIOSH 1997].
Due to the decision to stockpile PPE, stockpile personnel and decision makers have sought to understand if
stockpiled PPE is still viable following long-term storage. NIOSH does not require approval holders (i.e. those
granted the approval from NIOSH) to designate a shelf life for particulate-only air-purifying respirators (APR),
although some choose to do so and may provide this information on product packaging or online. There is
limited published data to understand the viability of respirators that have undergone long-term storage with or
without a designated shelf life. Over the past decade, the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) and state and local
stockpile personnel asked NIOSH to evaluate the performance of stockpiled PPE as well as better understand
storage conditions in U.S. stockpile facilities that store PPE.
In 2017, NIOSH established a PPE Stockpile Partnership consisting of 1) federal entities and stockpiles; 2) state,
county, and city stockpiles; 3) hospital-related stockpile entities; and 4) a manufacturer trade association to
inform the design and execution of an empirical study to evaluate stockpiled APRs. NIOSH obtained samples of
PPE from geographically dispersed stockpiles with varying storage conditions.
This report details the inhalation/exhalation resistance and filtration performance of N95 filtering facepiece
APRs collected from Facility Three of Ten. This facility is a county stockpile facility.
�How NIOSH Evaluated Respirators and Storage Conditions
Description of Facility Three
•
NIOSH researchers visited Facility Three in December 2017 (Figure 1). This facility was located within the
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Region 4, representing Alabama, Florida, Georgia,
Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee.
Assessment of Storage Conditions
•
•
NIOSH, in conjunction with the PPE Partnership members, developed checklists to document site and
packaging (i.e. pallet, case, and box) conditions that may impact respirator performance.
NIOSH documented the following storage conditions: 1) the PPE packaging presence of dust, shrinkwrapping, chemicals, and moisture, 2) exposure to sunlight and direct light; 3) proximity to fans,
windows, doors, and ventilation systems; 4) damage to pallet and product packaging; and 5) location of
pallet on storage rack (e.g., top, bottom) and location of PPE product on pallet (e.g., top/not loadbearing, bottom/load-bearing).
Figure 1: NIOSH researchers documented storage practices at Facility Three such as location and type of
lighting, pallet stacking practices, and conditions of the flooring, roofing, and exterior walls.
•
NIOSH collected facility temperature and percent relative humidity (%RH) data by placing two data
loggers in the facility: Data Logger 1 was placed in a non-climate controlled room adjacent to where the
respirators used to be stored. Data Logger 2 was placed in the storage room where the respirators are
currently stored; this room is only recently temperature-controlled, thus the majority of the respirator’s
storage life within Facility Three has been under non-climate controlled conditions, represented by Data
Logger 1. This data was collected in 60-minute intervals from October 2017 to November 2018 (Data
Logger 1) and January 2018 to January 2019 (Data Logger 2). Data Logger 2 was placed after Data Logger
1 as a result of a decision to collect environmental conditions in the storage room.
2
�Collection of Respirator Samples
•
•
•
Facility Three’s inventory included APRs that are classified as N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs).
NIOSH collected samples for two APR models stockpiled at this location 1: 1) 3M 1860 (two different
manufacturing years) and 2) Kimberly Clark (KC) 46827 (one manufacturing year) (Table 1).
A detailed APR inventory was not available for Facility Three. two different manufacturing lots for each
model were identified and sampled within Facility Three. Two lots were sampled to evaluate and
attempt to account for inter-lot variation. Products were sampled and shipped to the NIOSH facility
overnight to reduce exposure to non-climate-controlled conditions.
Forty-three respirators were tested from each manufacturing lot for inhalation and exhalation
resistance (n=3) and filtration performance testing (n=40) 2.
Selection of Control Respirators
•
Control respirators of the same model as those sampled from the facility were purchased from the open
market to be used as a comparison between stockpiled and new respirators.
Characteristics of Sampled Respirators
•
Table 1 provides a summary of the respirator models sampled from Facility Three.
Table 1. FFRs Sampled from Stockpile Facility Three
Model
Lot #
Year of
Manufacture
Shelf Life on
Packaging?
3M 1860
3M 1860
3M 1860
3M 1860
KC 46727
KC 46727
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
2006
2006
2009
2009
2006
2006
No
No
No
No
No
No
Respirator Age at
Time of Testing 3
11 years
8 years
11 years
Shelf Life
Status at Time
of Testing
Past 5-year shelf
life 4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life 5
Evaluation of Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance
•
Twenty-three control respirators were tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance. The KC 46827 controls were manufactured in 2017 and the 3M 1860 controls were
manufactured in 2018. NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must
be tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance. The same three respirators can be used for both
inhalation and exhalation resistance testing [NIOSH 2018].
Based on the other nine collaborating stockpiles’ inventories, these three models were sampled in order to compare
performance within common respirator models when stored under disparate conditions.
2
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance and a minimum of 20 must be tested for filtration efficiency [NIOSH 2018].
3
Testing was completed in 2017.
4
In 2013, 3M designated a five-year shelf life for the 3M 1860 model [3M 2018]. As of February 2020, this model still has a
five-year shelf life.
5
In 2014, KC designated a five-year shelf life for the KC 46727 model [KC 2018]. As of February 2020, this model still has a
five-year shelf life.
1
3
�•
•
Inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration performance of the stockpiled and control respirators
were evaluated using the same Standard Test Procedures (STPs) NIOSH uses for approving respirators
under 42 Code of Federal Regulations Part 84, “Approval of Respiratory Protective Devices” [NIOSH
2018] (Table 2).
Table 2 describes the method for evaluating the inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance of sampled respirators and control respirators.
Table 2. NIOSH Tests Conducted to Evaluate Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration
Performance.
NIOSH Standard Test
Procedures (STPs)
STP 3: Exhalation Resistance
STP 7: Inhalation Resistance
STP 59: Particulate Filter
Efficiency for N95
Pass/Fail Criteria for APRs
<25 mm H 2 O column @ 85 liters
per minute (LPM)
<35 mm H 2 O column @ 85 LPM
<5.0% particulate penetration
(>95.0% filter efficiency)
Stockpiled Respirators
Tested Per
Manufacturing Lot
Control Respirators
Tested
36
36
36
36
40 7
20
What NIOSH Found Through Inspection, Testing, and Evaluation
Storage Conditions
•
Visual Inspections—Dust and damage to product packaging was limited or not observed at Facility
Three. Product boxes were outside of the original packaging (i.e. case; Figure 2A), and product cases
were open (Figure 2B). Five boxes had damage (Figure 3). Of the 258 respirators visually inspected, only
one concern was noted, which was damage to the metal nose bridge (Figure 4).
Figure 2: Product boxes outside of product cases (A) and product cases open (B) in Facility Three
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance. The same three respirators can be used for both inhalation and exhalation resistance testing.
7
An increased sample size was used for the stockpiled respirators as opposed to the control respirators to increase the
precision of the performance estimates investigated.
6
4
�Figure 3: Slight damage to product boxes from Facility Three
Figure 4: Most amount of product damage observed from Facility Three (the respirator is affixed to a test plate
via beeswax).
•
•
Facility lights were off when not in use and no windows allowed sunlight to enter the facility. Some
moisture damage was observed on the ceiling, but not directly above the respirator products. Products
were stored in—or on top of—Rubbermaid containers.
Percent RH (Figure 5) and Temperature (Figure 6)
o At the time of publication, the recommended storage requirements for %RH and temperature
are
3M 1860: remain under 80 %RH; remain within -4°F to 86°F [3M 2017]
KC 46727: remain under 60 %RH; remain within 68°F to 77°F [KC 2020]
5
�o
o
o
o
The average temperature for Data Loggers 1 and 2 were 67.8°F and 75.0°F, respectively. The
average %RH for Data Loggers 1 and 2 were 54.7% and 40.2%, respectively. These averages are
within the 3M and KC recommended temperature and %RH storage conditions.
Data Logger 1 (representing historical climate conditions for the products sampled): For the 3M
1860 model, no temperature data points deviated from the recommended storage conditions.
For the KC 46727 respirator model, 53% of data points were below 68°F and 38% were above
77°F. For %RH, 1.5% of data points deviated from 3M’s recommended storage conditions, and
46% of data points deviated from KC’s recommended conditions.
Data Logger 2 (representing current climate conditions for the products sampled): For the 3M
model, no temperature data points deviated from the recommended storage conditions. For the
KC 46727 respirator model, 8% of data points were below 68°F and 23% of data points were
above 77°F. For %RH, 11.5% of data points deviated from 3M’s recommended storage
conditions, and 12% of data points deviated from KC’s recommended conditions.
Some respirators from Facility Three may have been previously stored and deployed from a
federal SNS facility. Although the current tracking process does not allow for retrieval of the
historical location(s) and environmental conditions for these sampled products, subsequent
discussions with SNS leadership suggest that SNS storage conditions met the recommended
conditions.
6
�Figure 5: Percent relative humidity (%RH) from October 2017 – January 2019 (Data Logger 1) and January 2018 –
January 2019 (Data Logger 2) stored at Facility Three. Data is plotted as a 50-point moving average for
visualization purposes. Maximum and minimum temperatures reported are noted for each data logger.
7
�Figure 6: Temperatures from October 2017 – January 2019 (Data Logger 1) and January 2018 – January 2019
(Data Logger 2) stored at Facility Three. Data is plotted as a 50-point moving average for visualization purposes.
Maximum and minimum temperatures reported are noted for each data logger.
8
�Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the inhalation and exhalation resistance for a total of 18 stockpiled and 6 control
respirators. All stockpiled and control respirators from each model passed these tests (Figure 7).
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there were no statistically significant differences (defined as
α<0.05) between the FFR controls and FFR stockpiled respirators for inhalation and exhalation
resistance when averaging across models.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, there were no statistically significant differences detected. The
mean inhalation and exhalation resistance values are shown in Figure 7.
For inhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (12.19 mm
H 2 O) was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (35 mm H 2 O allowable maximum). For
exhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (10.40 mm H 2 O)
was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (25 mm H 2 O allowable maximum).
9
�Figure 7: Control and stockpiled respirator inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance data. N95 FFRs must have
an inhalation resistance less than 35 mmH 2 O and an exhalation resistance less than 25 mmH 2 O. The pass/fail
threshold for inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance is shown by the red line. Error bars represent the 99%
confidence interval and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any
repeated samples tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
10
�Filtration Performance
•
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the particulate penetration efficiency for 240 stockpiled respirators and 40 controls.
Two individual 3M 1860 stockpiled respirators tested exceeded the 5.0% maximum. These respirators
were from two different production lots: one respirator was manufactured in 2006, and the second
respirator was manufactured in 2009. The highest penetration for an individual stockpiled respirator
was 11.00% (3M 1860) and the highest penetration for an individual control respirator was 4.93% (KC
46727).
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there were no statistically significant differences (defined as
α<0.05) between the FFR controls and FFR stockpiled respirators for filtration when averaging across
models.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the following statistically significant differences were
detected: 1) 3M 1860 stockpiled 2006 Lot B had a higher penetration; and 2) 3M 1860 stockpiled 2009
Lot A had a higher penetration. The mean percent particle penetration for each lot of respirators tested
is shown in Figure 8.
Additionally, the respirator shown in Figure 4 that had a visual inspection concern had a value of 3.10%
maximum penetration when tested and, therefore, was not the stockpiled respirator associated with the
highest penetration.
Figure 8: Control and stockpiled respirator particle filtration performance data. N95 FFRs must have a particle
penetration of less than 5.0%. Error bars represent the 99% confidence interval and estimate the population
parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested and evaluated from this
lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
11
�CASE Findings
Findings for the KC 46727 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. This model
currently has a five-year recommended shelf life; Appendix 1 shows a KC letter to end users with shelf life
information [KC 2018]. Thus, these respirators tested are past their recommended shelf life. These findings
pertain to KC units from Facility Three and may not be applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under
different environmental storage conditions.
Findings for the 3M 1860 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance or exhalation resistance were observed; two failures for filtration
performance were observed, where these two respirators came from two different lots. This model currently
has a five-year recommended shelf life; the Appendix 2 shows a 3M letter to end users with shelf life and
recommended storage condition information [3M 2018, 3M 2020]. Thus, these respirators tested are past their
recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to 3M units from Facility Three and may not be applicable to
other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Stockpile Storage Conditions:
No temperature data points deviated from recommended storage conditions for the 3M model, but did for the
KC model. %RH data points deviated from both 3M and KC’s recommended storage conditions as recorded by
both data loggers (representing historical and current climate conditions for the respirators). Stored under these
conditions, NIOSH found that 256 of the 258 N95 FFRs evaluated in this study, which were 8-11 years old,
maintained their inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration performance (i.e. 99% of tested respirators
from Facility Three were below the NIOSH maximum limit as defined by 42 CFR Part 84).
NIOSH regulation sets the minimum quality and performance requirements for the approval of respirators
[NIOSH 1997]. NIOSH does not have requirements for shelf life or storage conditions for particulate-only APRs.
The approval holder 8 (i.e. the entity that is granted the approval from NIOSH) is responsible for understanding
how their products’ design or performance may be affected by various use or storage conditions and must
provide instruction for establishing the proper use, storage, and maintenance procedures for their approved
products, which may include designating a shelf life [NIOSH 2019]. FFR or particulate filter packaging (such as
the box) often includes NIOSH-approved user instructions, label information, and recommendations on shelf life.
Additionally, some approval holders also disseminate recommendations related to storage and shelf life through
resources such as user and web notices. The respirators tested in this study were generally not designed for
long-term storage.
At this time, we do not have enough information to definitively know the level of protection that may be
provided by respirators that 1) are stored for prolonged periods of times; 2) are stored under various storage
conditions; or 3) have exceeded the approval holder’s designated shelf life. Users of respirators that have
exceeded the designated shelf life should be forewarned to avoid a false sense of confidence; these devices may
8
An approval may be granted to a non-manufacturing entity.
12
�not provide the same level of protection as those that have not exceeded the designated shelf life. We
recommend contacting the approval holder(s) of the respirators in the stockpile with specific questions
regarding the use of product beyond the designated shelf life.
13
�What Can Stockpile Personnel Do to Learn More about the
Respirators in their Stockpile?
•
•
•
Stockpile personnel should check the product information from the approval holder as well as the
NIOSH Certified Equipment List to remain up-to-date on product storage conditions, shelf-life
information, and NIOSH approval status. Check NIOSH’s Certified Equipment List to verify the respirator
model currently maintains its NIOSH approval at
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/cel/default.html
Stockpile personnel should work with the approval holder(s) of the stockpiled products with specific
questions regarding the use of expired product.
Sign up for NPPTL’s Listserv at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/sub-NPPTL.html to receive email
notifications relevant to PPE.
For more information related to personal protective equipment, visit the NIOSH NPPTL website
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/
Get More Information
Find NIOSH products and get answers to workplace safety and health questions:
1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) | TTY: 1-888-232-6348
CDC/NIOSH INFO: cdc.gov/info | cdc.gov/niosh
Monthly NIOSH eNews: cdc.gov/niosh/eNews
All photos courtesy of NIOSH NPPTL.
Disclaimer
The recommendations in this report are made based on the findings at the stockpile evaluated and may not be
applicable to other stockpile facilities.
Mention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH). In addition, citations to websites external to NIOSH do not constitute NIOSH endorsement of the sponsoring organizations or
their programs or products. Furthermore, NIOSH is not responsible for the content of these websites. All web addresses referenced in
this document were accessible as of the publication date.
14
�Suggested Citation
NIOSH PPE CASE: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators:
Facility Three of Ten. By Greenawald, L., Moore, S., and Yorio, P. Pittsburgh, PA U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
References
3M [2017]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Filtering Facepiece/Disposable Respirator Storage Conditions and Shelf Life. St.
Paul, MN. https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1015853O/faq-3m-filtering-facepiece-disposable-respirator-storageconditions-and-shelf-life.pdf [accessed February 27, 2020].
3M [2018]. 3M Personal Safety Division Letter. St. Paul, MN: The 3M Company.
https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1430383O/3m-filtering-facepiece-shelf-life-letter.pdf.
3M [2020]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Health Care Particulate Respirator and Surgical Masks Storage Conditions and
Shelf Life. St. Paul, MN. http://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/869238O/3m-health-care-particulate-respirator-andsurgical-masks-storage-conditions-and-shelf-life-faq.pdf
ASTHO [2013]. Federal Emergency Preparedness Directives and Systems- Emergency Authority and Immunity Toolkit.
Arlington, VA: Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. http://www.astho.org/Programs/Preparedness/PublicHealth-Emergency-Law/Emergency-Authority-and-Immunity-Toolkit/Federal-Emergency-Preparedness-Directives-andSystems-Fact-Sheet/.
Carias C, Rainisch G, Shankar M, Adhikari BB, Swerdlow DL, Bower WA, Piliai SK, Meltzer MI, Koonin LM [2015]. Potential
demand for respirators and surgical masks during a hypothetical influenza pandemic in the United States. Clinical Infectious
Diseases 60 (1): S42-S51 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/civ141.
DHHS [2012]. An HHS retrospective on the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic to advance all hazards preparedness.
Washington D.C: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/mcm/h1n1retrospective/Documents/h1n1-retrospective.pdf.
KC [2018]. Kimberly Clark Letter to Customers (Appendix 1).
KC [2020]. Kimberly Clark representatives, email correspondence, February 25, 2020.
NIOSH [1997]. 42 CFR Part 84 respiratory protective devices. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/pt84abs2.html.
NIOSH [2017]. Workplace safety and health topics: healthcare workers. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/healthcare/default.html.
NIOSH [2018]. Standard respirator testing procedures. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/stps/apresp.html.
NIOSH [2019]. NIOSH conformity assessment notice: NIOSH CA 2019-1012, NIOSH respirator approval contents and
meaning. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/resources/pressrel/letters/conformitynotice/CA-2019-1012.html.
Patel A, D'Alessandro M, Ireland KJ, Burel WG, Wencil EB, Rasmussen SA [2017]. Personal protective equipment supply
chain: lessons learned from recent public health emergency responses. Health Security. 15 (3): 244-252
https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2016.0129.
15
�Rottach DR, Lei Z [2017] Stockpiled N95 filtering facepiece respirator polyisoprene strap performance. J Int Soc Respir Prot.
34 (2): 69-80 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6198819/.
16
�Appendix 1 [KC 2018]
17
�Appendix 2 [3M 2020]
18
�19
�20
�
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/5c39b84c6ae04b143d6c742e0cbece87.pdf
0368ee80811e8e794699bfd2b804bc06
PDF Text
Text
PPE CASE
Personal Protective Equipment Conformity Assessment Studies and Evaluations
Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators, Facility Four
of Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration
Efficiency Performance
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL)
Lee A. Greenawald, Susan M. Moore, Patrick L. Yorio
March 1, 2020
NIOSH found that 540 of 574
N95 filtering facepiece
respirators and P95 filters
stockpiled at Facility Four that
were 8-12 years old maintained
their inhalation and exhalation
resistance and filtration
performance in accordance with
NIOSH performance standards.
In the event of a national emergency, eighteen million U.S.
healthcare workers may face high-consequence infectious disease
[NIOSH 2017]. Personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gowns,
gloves, goggles, and respirators, is an important measure within the
infection prevention hierarchy of controls. During public health
emergencies, the sudden increase in PPE demand may exceed
supplies for upwards of three months while manufacturers increase
production [ASTHO 2013; Carias et al. 2015]; [Patel et al. 2017]. For example, during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic,
local respirator shortages were reported and, during the 2016 Ebola outbreak and the first U.S. fatality, there
was a 10-200 fold increase in PPE orders [DHHS 2012; NIOSH 2018]. To prepare for these shortages, large
quantities of PPE are strategically stockpiled at hospital, local, state, and federal facilities [NIOSH 1997].
Due to the decision to stockpile PPE, stockpile personnel and decision makers have sought to understand if
stockpiled PPE is still viable following long-term storage. NIOSH does not require approval holders (i.e. those
granted the approval from NIOSH) to designate a shelf life for particulate-only air-purifying respirators (APR),
although some choose to do so and may provide this information on product packaging or online. There is
limited published data to understand the viability of respirators that have undergone long-term storage with or
without a designated shelf life. Over the past decade, the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) and state and local
stockpile personnel asked NIOSH to evaluate the performance of stockpiled PPE as well as better understand
storage conditions in U.S. stockpile facilities that store PPE.
In 2017, NIOSH established a PPE Stockpile Partnership consisting of 1) federal entities and stockpiles; 2) state,
county, and city stockpiles; 3) hospital-related stockpile entities; and 4) a manufacturer trade association to
inform the design and execution of an empirical study to evaluate stockpiled air-purifying respirators. NIOSH
obtained samples of PPE from geographically dispersed stockpiles with varying storage conditions.
This report details the inhalation/exhalation resistance and filtration performance of N95 filtering facepiece
respirators and P95 filters collected from Facility Four of Ten. This facility is a state stockpile facility.
�How NIOSH Evaluated Respirators and Storage Conditions
Description of Facility Four
•
NIOSH researchers visited Facility Four in March 2018 (Figure 1). This facility was located within the U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services Region 9, representing Arizona, California, Hawaii and
Nevada.
Assessment of Storage Conditions
•
•
NIOSH, in conjunction with the PPE Partnership members, developed checklists to document site and
packaging (i.e. pallet, case, and box) conditions that may impact respirator performance.
NIOSH documented the following storage conditions: 1) the PPE packaging presence of dust, shrinkwrapping, chemicals, and moisture, 2) exposure to sunlight and direct light; 3) proximity to fans,
windows, doors, and ventilation systems; 4) damage to pallet and product packaging; and 5) location of
pallet on storage rack (e.g., top, bottom) and location of PPE product on pallet (e.g., top/not loadbearing, bottom/load-bearing).
Figure 1: NIOSH researchers documented storage practices at Facility Four such as location and type of
lighting, pallet stacking practices, and conditions of the flooring, roofing, and exterior walls.
•
NIOSH collected facility temperature and percent relative humidity (%RH) data by placing two data
loggers in the facility. This data was collected in 60-minute intervals from October 2017 to November
2018.
2
�Collection of Respirator Samples
•
•
•
Facility Four’s inventory included APRs that are classified as N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs), as
well as one P95 filter cartridge model. Samples were collected from six different manufacturing models 1:
1) 3M 1860 (two different manufacturing years); 2) 3M 1870; 3) 3M 8210; 4) 3M 9010; 5) 3M 2071; and
6) Kimberly Clark (KC) 46827 (Table 1).
Upon reviewing the detailed APR inventories and storage location by lot within Facility Four, two
different manufacturing lots for each model were identified and sampled within Facility Four. Two lots
were sampled to evaluate and attempt to account for inter-lot variation. More than two lots were
sampled from a model if conditions presented “worst-case scenario” conditions within the facility.
Products were sampled and shipped to the NIOSH facility overnight to reduce exposure to non-climatecontrolled conditions.
Forty-three respirators were tested from each manufacturing lot for inhalation and exhalation
resistance (n=3) and filtration performance testing (n=40) 2.
Selection of Control Respirators
•
Control respirators of the same model as those sampled from the facility were purchased from the open
market to be used as a comparison between stockpiled and new respirators.
Characteristics of Sampled Respirators
•
Table 1 provides a summary of the respirator models sampled from Facility Four.
Based on the other nine collaborating stockpiles’ inventories, these six models were sampled in order to compare
performance within common respirator models when stored under disparate conditions.
2
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance and a minimum of 20 must be tested for filtration efficiency [NIOSH 2018].
1
3
�Table 1. APRs Sampled from Stockpile Facility Four
Model
Lot #
Year of
Manufacture
Shelf Life on
Packaging?
Respirator Age at
Time of Testing 3
3M 1860
Lot A
2006
No
12 years
3M 1860
3M 1860
3M 1870
3M 1870
3M 8210
3M 8210
3M 9010
3M 9010
3M 2071
3M 2071
KC 46827
KC 46827
KC 46827
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot C
2010
2010
2010
2010
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2007
2007
2007
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
8 years
8 years
12 years
12 years
12 years
11 years
Shelf Life
Status at Time
of Testing
Past 5-year shelf
life 4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life 5
Evaluation of Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance
•
•
•
Twenty-three control respirators were tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance. The 3M 1860 and 3M 2071 controls were manufactured in 2018, the 3M 8210
controls were manufactured in 2015, the 3M 1870 controls were manufactured in 2014, the 3M
9010 controls were purchased in 2018 but have an unknown manufacturing date, and the KC 46827
controls were manufactured in 2017. NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three
respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance. The same three respirators
can be used for both inhalation and exhalation resistance testing [NIOSH 2018].
Inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration performance of the stockpiled and control
respirators were evaluated using the same Standard Test Procedures (STPs) NIOSH uses for
approving respirators under 42 Code of Federal Regulations Part 84, “Approval of Respiratory
Protective Devices” [NIOSH 2018] (Table 2).
Table 2 describes the method for evaluating the inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance of sampled respirators and control respirators.
Testing was completed in 2018.
3M designated a five-year shelf life for these models [3M 2018]. As of February 2020, these models still have a five-year
shelf life.
5
KC designated a five-year shelf life for this model [KC 2018]. As of February 2020, this model still has a five-year shelf life.
3
4
4
�Table 2. NIOSH Tests Conducted to Evaluate Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration
Performance.
NIOSH Standard Test
Procedures (STPs)
STP 3: Exhalation Resistance
STP 7: Inhalation Resistance
STP 53: Liquid Particulate Filter
Efficiency for P95
STP 59: Particulate Filter
Efficiency for N95
Pass/Fail Criteria for APRs
<25 mm H 2 O column @ 85 liters
per minute (LPM)
<35 mm H 2 O column @ 85 LPM
<5.0% particulate penetration
(>95.0% filter efficiency)
<5.0% particulate penetration
(>95.0% filter efficiency)
Stockpiled Respirators
Tested Per
Manufacturing Lot
Control Respirators
Tested
36
36
36
36
40 7
20
407
20
What NIOSH Found Through Inspection, Testing, and Evaluation
Storage Conditions
•
Visual Inspections—Dust and damage to product packaging was limited or not observed at Facility Four;
examples of the most amount of dust and damage to product packaging are shown in Figures 2, 3, and
4. Nine boxes shown minor damage. Of the 574 respirators visually inspected, no concerns were noted.
Figure 2: Most amount of dust observed on product cases from Facility Four.
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance. The same three respirators can be used for both inhalation and exhalation resistance testing.
7
An increased sample size was used for the stockpiled respirators as opposed to the control respirators to increase the
precision of the performance estimates investigated.
6
5
�Figure 3: Most amount of product case damage observed from Facility Four.
Figure 4: Most amount of product box damage observed from Facility Four.
•
•
Facility lights were off when not in use. Small ceiling vents allowed sunlight to enter the facility in
specific locations on the top pallet. No evidence of excess moisture or chemical spills that persisted
beyond immediate mitigation were observed. Pallets were generally shrink wrapped around the four
pallet sides but not across the top or bottom. With the exception of the top-most row, pallets were
stacked two-high causing some weight/load to be applied to the bottom pallet.
Percent RH (Figure 5) and Temperature (Figure 6)
o At the time of publication, the recommended storage requirements for %RH and temperature
are
3M 1860, 3M 1870, 3M 8210, 3M 9010, and 3M 2071: remain under 80 %RH; remain
within -4°F to 86°F [3M 2017]
KC 46827: remain under 60 %RH; remain within 68°F to 77°F [KC 2020]
o Data was aggregated across the two data loggers. The average temperature between the 20172018 time period was 67.0°F. The average %RH between 2017-2018 was 49.6%; the average
temperature is within the 3M recommended temperature but deviates for the KC
recommended temperature. The average %RH meets both 3M and KC’s recommended %RH
storage conditions.
o For the 3M models, 0.02% of the total temperature data points deviated from the
recommended storage conditions. For the KC 46827 model, 62.0% of data points were below
6
�68°F and 4.4% were above 77°F. For %RH, no data points deviated from 3M’s recommended
storage conditions, and 25.8% of data points deviated from KC’s recommended conditions.
7
�Figure 5: Percent Relative Humidity (% RH) from October 2017 – November 2018 for two data loggers stored at
Facility Four. Data is plotted as a 50-point moving average for visualization purposes. Maximum and minimum
temperatures reported are noted for each data logger.
8
�Figure 6: Temperatures from October 2017 – November 2018 for two data loggers stored at Facility Four. Data is
plotted as a 50-point moving average for visualization purposes. Maximum and minimum temperatures
reported are noted for each data logger.
9
�Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the inhalation and exhalation resistance for a total of 39 stockpiled and 18 control
respirators. All stockpiled and control respirators from each model passed these tests. The 3M 1860,
3M 1870, 3M 9210, and 3M 9010 data are shown in Figure 7. The 3M 2071 (P95 filter cartridge) data is
shown in Figure 8. The KC 46827 data is shown in Figure 9.
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there were no statistically significant differences (defined as
α<0.05) between the controls and stockpiled respirators for inhalation and exhalation resistance when
averaging across models.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the 3M 1870 stockpiled 2006 Lot B displayed significantly
lower inhalation and exhalation resistance when compared to the control.
For inhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (17.02 mm
H 2 O) was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (35 mm H 2 O allowable maximum). For
exhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (14.22 mm H 2 O)
was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (25 mm H 2 O allowable maximum).
10
�Figure 7: Control and stockpiled respirator inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance data for the 3M 1860, 3M
1870, 3M 8210, and 3M 9010 models. N95 FFRs must have an inhalation resistance less than 35 mmH 2 O and an
exhalation resistance less than 25 mmH 2 O. The pass/fail threshold for inhalation (A) and exhalation (B)
resistance is shown by the red line. Error bars represent the 99% confidence interval and estimate the
population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested and
evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
11
�Figure 8: Control and stockpiled respirator inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance data for the 3M 2071
model. P95 filters must have an inhalation resistance less than 35 mmH 2 O and an exhalation resistance less than
25 mmH 2 O. The pass/fail threshold for inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance is shown by the red line. Error
bars represent the 99% confidence interval and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval
suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the
upper and lower bounds.
12
�Figure 9: Control and stockpiled respirator inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance data for the KC 46827
model. N95 FFRs must have an inhalation resistance less than 35 mmH 2 O and an exhalation resistance less than
25 mmH 2 O. The pass/fail threshold for inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance is shown by the red line. Error
bars represent the 99% confidence interval and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval
suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the
upper and lower bounds.
13
�Filtration Performance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the particulate penetration efficiency for 535 stockpiled respirators and 120 controls.
The 3M 1860, 3M 1870, 3M 9210, and 3M 9010 data are shown in Figure 10. The 3M 2071 (P95 filter)
data is shown in Figure 11. The KC 46827 data is shown in Figure 12.
34 individual stockpiled respirators—all KC 46827—exceeded the 5.0% maximum. Twenty-five failing
units came from one production lot while the remaining 9 came from a second lot, both manufactured
in 2007. The third lot tested did not show any failures. The highest penetration for an individual KC
46827 stockpiled respirator was 8.90% and the highest penetration for an individual KC 46827 control
respirator was 2.84%.
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there were no statistically significant differences (defined as
α<0.05) between the 3M controls and 3M stockpiled respirators for filtration when averaging across
models. There was a statistically significant difference between the KC controls (mean percent
penetration=1.77%, SD=0.45) and KC stockpiled respirators (mean percent penetration=4.36%,
SD=1.44), p<0.001.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the following statistically significant differences were
detected: 1) 3M 1860 stockpiled 2006 Lot A had a higher penetration; 2) 3M 1860 stockpiled 2010 Lot B
had a higher penetration; 3) both 3M 1870 stockpiled 2010 Lots A and B had a higher penetration; 4) 3M
8210 stockpiled 2006 Lot A had a lower penetration; 5) all three KC 46827 stockpiled 2007 lots had a
higher penetration; and 6) 3M 2071 stockpiled 2006 Lot B had a higher penetration.
14
�Figure 10: Control and stockpiled respirator particle filtration performance data for the 3M 1860, 3M 1870, 3M
8210, and 3M 9010 models. N95 FFRs must have a particle penetration of less than 5.0%. Error bars represent
the 99% confidence interval and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99%
of any repeated samples tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower
bounds.
15
�Figure 11: Control and stockpiled respirator particle filtration performance data for the 3M 2071 model. P95
filters must have a liquid particle penetration of less than 5.0%. Error bars represent the 99% confidence interval
and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any repeated samples
tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
Figure 12: Control and stockpiled respirator particle filtration performance data for the KC 46827 model. N95
FFRs must have a particle penetration of less than 5.0%. Error bars represent the 99% confidence interval and
estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested
and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
16
�CASE Findings
Findings for the KC 46827 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance or exhalation resistance were observed; 34 failures for filtration
performance were observed. Twenty-five failing units came from one production lot while the remaining 9
came from a second lot, both manufactured in 2007. This model currently has a five-year shelf life; Appendix 1
shows a KC letter to end users with shelf life information, which states respirators past their shelf life should be
discarded [KC 2018]. Thus, these respirators tested are past their recommended shelf life. These findings pertain
to KC units from Facility Four and may not be applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under different
environmental storage conditions.
Findings for the 3M 1860, 3M 1870, 3M 8210, 3M 9010, and 3M 2071 Models:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. These five
models currently have a five-year recommended shelf life; Appendix 2 shows two 3M letters to end users with
shelf life and recommended storage condition information [3M 2018, 3M 2020]. Thus, all respirators tested are
past their recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to 3M units from Facility Four and may not be
applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Stockpile Storage Conditions:
For the 3M models, 0.02% of the total temperature data points deviated from the recommended storage
conditions. For the KC 46827 model, 62% of the temperature data points deviated from the recommended
storage conditions. For %RH, no data points deviated from 3M’s recommended storage conditions, and 26% of
data points deviated from KC’s recommended conditions. Stored under these conditions, NIOSH found that 540
of the 574 APRs evaluated in this study, which were 8-12 years old, maintained their inhalation and exhalation
resistance and filtration performance (i.e. 94% of the sampled respirators were below the NIOSH maximum limit
as defined by 42 CFR Part 84).
NIOSH regulation sets the minimum quality and performance requirements for the approval of respirators
[NIOSH 1997]. NIOSH does not have requirements for shelf life or storage conditions for particulate-only APRs.
The approval holder 8 (i.e. the entity that is granted the approval from NIOSH) is responsible for understanding
how their products’ design or performance may be affected by various use or storage conditions and must
provide instruction for establishing the proper use, storage, and maintenance procedures for their approved
products, which may include designating a shelf life [NIOSH 2019]. FFR or particulate filter packaging (such as
the box) often includes NIOSH-approved user instructions, label information, and recommendations on shelf life.
Additionally, some approval holders also disseminate recommendations related to storage and shelf life through
resources such as user and web notices. The respirators tested in this study were generally not designed for
long-term storage.
At this time, we do not have enough information to definitively know the level of protection that may be
provided by respirators that 1) are stored for prolonged periods of times; 2) are stored under various storage
8
An approval may be granted to a non-manufacturing entity.
17
�conditions; or 3) have exceeded the approval holder’s designated shelf life. Users of respirators that have
exceeded the designated shelf life should be forewarned to avoid a false sense of confidence; these devices may
not provide the same level of protection as those that have not exceeded the designated shelf life. We
recommend contacting the approval holder(s) of the respirators in the stockpile with specific questions
regarding the use of product beyond the designated shelf life.
18
�What Can Stockpile Personnel Do to Learn More about the
Respirators in their Stockpile?
•
•
•
Stockpile personnel should check the product information from the approval holder as well as the
NIOSH Certified Equipment List to remain up-to-date on product storage conditions, shelf-life
information, and NIOSH approval status. Check NIOSH’s Certified Equipment List to verify the respirator
model currently maintains its NIOSH approval at
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/cel/default.html
Stockpile personnel should work with the approval holder(s) of the stockpiled products with specific
questions regarding the use of expired product.
Sign up for NPPTL’s Listserv at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/sub-NPPTL.html to receive email
notifications relevant to PPE.
For more information related to personal protective equipment, visit the NIOSH NPPTL website
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/
Get More Information
Find NIOSH products and get answers to workplace safety and health questions:
1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) | TTY: 1-888-232-6348
CDC/NIOSH INFO: cdc.gov/info | cdc.gov/niosh
Monthly NIOSH eNews: cdc.gov/niosh/eNews
All photos courtesy of NIOSH NPPTL.
Disclaimer
The recommendations in this report are made based on the findings at the stockpile evaluated and may not be
applicable to other stockpile facilities.
Mention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH). In addition, citations to websites external to NIOSH do not constitute NIOSH endorsement of the sponsoring organizations or
their programs or products. Furthermore, NIOSH is not responsible for the content of these websites. All web addresses referenced in
this document were accessible as of the publication date.
19
�Suggested Citation
NIOSH PPE CASE: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators:
Facility Four of Ten. By Greenawald, L., Moore, S., and Yorio, P. Pittsburgh, PA U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
References
3M [2017]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Filtering Facepiece/Disposable Respirator Storage Conditions and Shelf Life. St.
Paul, MN. https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1015853O/faq-3m-filtering-facepiece-disposable-respirator-storageconditions-and-shelf-life.pdf [accessed February 27, 2020].
3M [2018]. 3M Personal Safety Division Letter. St. Paul, MN: The 3M Company.
https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1430383O/3m-filtering-facepiece-shelf-life-letter.pdf.
3M [2020]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Health Care Particulate Respirator and Surgical Masks Storage Conditions and
Shelf Life. St. Paul, MN. http://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/869238O/3m-health-care-particulate-respirator-andsurgical-masks-storage-conditions-and-shelf-life-faq.pdf
ASTHO [2013]. Federal Emergency Preparedness Directives and Systems- Emergency Authority and Immunity Toolkit.
Arlington, VA: Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. http://www.astho.org/Programs/Preparedness/PublicHealth-Emergency-Law/Emergency-Authority-and-Immunity-Toolkit/Federal-Emergency-Preparedness-Directives-andSystems-Fact-Sheet/.
Carias C, Rainisch G, Shankar M, Adhikari BB, Swerdlow DL, Bower WA, Piliai SK, Meltzer MI, Koonin LM [2015]. Potential
demand for respirators and surgical masks during a hypothetical influenza pandemic in the United States. Clinical Infectious
Diseases 60 (1): S42-S51 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/civ141.
DHHS [2012]. An HHS retrospective on the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic to advance all hazards preparedness.
Washington D.C: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/mcm/h1n1retrospective/Documents/h1n1-retrospective.pdf.
KC [2018]. Kimberly Clark Letter to Customers (Appendix 1).
KC [2020]. Kimberly Clark representatives, email correspondence, February 25, 2020.
NIOSH [1997]. 42 CFR Part 84 respiratory protective devices. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/pt84abs2.html.
NIOSH [2017]. Workplace safety and health topics: healthcare workers. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/healthcare/default.html.
NIOSH [2018]. Standard respirator testing procedures. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/stps/apresp.html.
NIOSH [2019]. NIOSH conformity assessment notice: NIOSH CA 2019-1012, NIOSH respirator approval contents and
meaning. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/resources/pressrel/letters/conformitynotice/CA-2019-1012.html.
Patel A, D'Alessandro M, Ireland KJ, Burel WG, Wencil EB, Rasmussen SA [2017]. Personal protective equipment supply
chain: lessons learned from recent public health emergency responses. Health Security. 15 (3): 244-252
https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2016.0129.
20
�Rottach DR, Lei Z [2017] Stockpiled N95 filtering facepiece respirator polyisoprene strap performance. J Int Soc Respir Prot.
34 (2): 69-80 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6198819/.
21
�Appendix 1 [KC 2018]
22
�Appendix 2 [3M 2018], [3M 2020]
23
�24
�25
�26
�27
�
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/652b30d7817d8cddcba8b46944920892.pdf
ae85d84f230a14b0edbc456bf4cef83c
PDF Text
Text
PPE CASE
Personal Protective Equipment Conformity Assessment Studies and Evaluations
Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators, Facility Five of
Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Efficiency
Performance
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL)
Lee A. Greenawald, Susan M. Moore, Patrick L. Yorio
March 1, 2020
NIOSH found that 602 of 602 N95
filtering facepiece respirators and
P95 filters stockpiled at Facility
Five that were 8-12 years old
maintained their inhalation and
exhalation resistance and
filtration performance in
accordance with NIOSH
performance standards.
In the event of a national emergency, eighteen million U.S. healthcare
workers may face high-consequence infectious disease exposures
[NIOSH 2017]. Personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gowns,
gloves, goggles, and respirators, is an important measure within the
infection prevention hierarchy of controls. During public health
emergencies, the sudden increase in PPE demand may exceed
supplies for upwards of three months while manufacturers increase
production [ASTHO 2013; Carias et al. 2015]; [Patel et al. 2017]. For
example, during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, local respirator shortages
were reported and, during the 2016 Ebola outbreak and the first U.S. fatality, there was a 10-200 fold increase in
PPE orders [DHHS 2012; NIOSH 2018]. To prepare for these shortages, large quantities of PPE are strategically
stockpiled at hospital, local, state, and federal facilities [NIOSH 1997].
Due to the decision to stockpile PPE, stockpile personnel and decision makers have sought to understand if
stockpiled PPE is still viable following long-term storage. NIOSH does not require approval holders (i.e. those
granted the approval from NIOSH) to designate a shelf life for particulate-only air-purifying respirators (APR),
although some choose to do so and may provide this information on product packaging or online. There is
limited published data to understand the viability of respirators that have undergone long-term storage with or
without a designated shelf life. Over the past decade, the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) and state and local
stockpile personnel asked NIOSH to evaluate the performance of stockpiled PPE as well as better understand
storage conditions in U.S. stockpile facilities that store PPE.
In 2017, NIOSH established a PPE Stockpile Partnership consisting of 1) federal entities and stockpiles; 2) state,
county, and city stockpiles; 3) hospital-related stockpile entities; and 4) a manufacturer trade association to
inform the design and execution of an empirical study to evaluate stockpiled APRs. NIOSH obtained samples of
PPE from geographically dispersed stockpiles with varying storage conditions.
This report details the inhalation/exhalation resistance and filtration performance of N95 filtering facepiece
respirators and P95 filters collected from Facility Five of Ten. This facility is a state stockpile facility.
�How NIOSH Evaluated Respirators and Storage Conditions
Description of Facility Five
•
NIOSH researchers visited Facility Five in March 2018 (Figure 1). This facility was located within the U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services Region 9, representing Arizona, California, Hawaii and
Nevada.
Assessment of Storage Conditions
•
•
NIOSH, in conjunction with the PPE Partnership members, developed checklists to document site and
packaging (i.e. pallet, case, and box) conditions that may impact respirator performance.
NIOSH documented the following storage conditions: 1) the PPE packaging presence of dust, shrinkwrapping, chemicals, and moisture, 2) exposure to sunlight and direct light; 3) proximity to fans,
windows, doors, and ventilation systems; 4) damage to pallet and product packaging; and 5) location of
pallet on storage rack (e.g., top, bottom) and location of PPE product on pallet (e.g., top/not loadbearing, bottom/load-bearing).
Figure 1: NIOSH researchers documented storage practices at Facility Five such as location and type of
lighting, pallet stacking practices, and conditions of the flooring, roofing, and exterior walls.
•
NIOSH collected facility temperature and percent relative humidity (%RH) data by placing two data
loggers in the facility. This data was collected in 60-minute intervals from October 2017 to October
2018.
2
�Collection of Respirator Samples
•
•
•
Facility Five’s inventory included APRs that are classified as N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs), as
well as one P95 filter cartridge model. Samples were collected from six different manufacturing models 1:
1) 3M 1860 (two different manufacturing years); 2) 3M 1870; 3) 3M 8210; 4) 3M 9010; 5) 3M 2071; and
6) Kimberly Clark (KC) 46827 (Table 1).
Upon reviewing the detailed APR inventories and storage location by lot within Facility Five, two
different manufacturing lots for each model were identified and sampled within Facility Five. Two lots
were sampled to evaluate and attempt to account for inter-lot variation. More than two lots were
sampled from a model if conditions presented “worst-case scenario” conditions within the facility.
Products were sampled and shipped to the NIOSH facility overnight to reduce exposure to non-climatecontrolled conditions.
Forty-three respirators were tested from each manufacturing lot for inhalation and exhalation
resistance (n=3) and filtration performance testing (n=40) 2.
Selection of Control Respirators
•
Control respirators of the same model as those sampled from the facility were purchased from the open
market to be used as a comparison between stockpiled and new respirators.
Characteristics of Sampled Respirators
•
Table 1 provides a summary of the respirator models sampled from Facility Five.
Based on the other nine collaborating stockpiles’ inventories, these six models were sampled in order to compare
performance within common respirator models when stored under disparate conditions.
2
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance and a minimum of 20 must be tested for filtration efficiency [NIOSH 2018].
1
3
�Table 1. APRs Sampled from Stockpile Facility Five
Model
Lot #
Year of
Manufacture
Shelf Life on
Packaging?
3M 1860
3M 1860
3M 1860
3M 1860
3M 1870
3M 1870
3M 8210
3M 8210
3M 9010
3M 9010
3M 2071
3M 2071
KC 46827
KC 46827
Lot A
Lot A
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
2007
2007
2010
2010
2011
2011
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Respirator Age at
Time of Testing 3
11 years
8 years
7 years
12 years
12 years
12 years
12 years
Shelf Life
Status at Time
of Testing
Past 5-year shelf
life 4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life 5
Evaluation of Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance
•
•
•
Twenty-three control respirators were tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance. The 3M 1860 and 3M 2071 controls were manufactured in 2018, the 3M 8210
controls were manufactured in 2015, the 3M 1870 controls were manufactured in 2014, the 3M
9010 controls were purchased in 2018 but have an unknown manufacturing date, and the KC 46827
controls were manufactured in 2017. NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three
respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance. The same three respirators
can be used for both inhalation and exhalation resistance testing [NIOSH 2018].
Inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration performance of the stockpiled and control
respirators were evaluated using the same Standard Test Procedures (STPs) NIOSH uses for
approving respirators under 42 Code of Federal Regulations Part 84, “Approval of Respiratory
Protective Devices” [NIOSH 2018] (Table 2).
Table 2 describes the method for evaluating the inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance of sampled respirators and control respirators.
Testing was completed in 2018.
3M designated a five-year shelf life for these models [3M 2018]. As of February 2020, these models still have a five-year
shelf life.
5
KC designated a five-year shelf life for this model [KC 2018]. As of February 2020, this model still has a five-year shelf life.
3
4
4
�Table 2. NIOSH Tests Conducted to Evaluate Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration
Performance.
NIOSH Standard Test
Procedures (STPs)
STP 3: Exhalation Resistance
STP 7: Inhalation Resistance
STP 53: Liquid Particulate Filter
Efficiency for P95
STP 59: Particulate Filter
Efficiency for N95
Pass/Fail Criteria for APRs
<25 mm H 2 O column @ 85 liters
per minute (LPM)
<35 mm H 2 O column @ 85 LPM
<5.0% particulate penetration
(>95.0% filter efficiency)
<5.0% particulate penetration
(>95.0% filter efficiency)
Stockpiled Respirators
Tested Per
Manufacturing Lot
Control Respirators
Tested
36
36
36
36
40 7
20
407
20
What NIOSH Found Through Inspection, Testing, and Evaluation
Storage Conditions
•
Visual Inspections—Dust and damage to product packaging was limited or not observed at Facility Five;
examples of the most amount of dust and damage to product packaging are shown in Figures 2 and 3.
No product boxes showed damage. Of the 602 respirators visually inspected, no concerns were noted.
Figure 2: Most amount of dust observed on product cases from Facility Five.
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance. The same three respirators can be used for both inhalation and exhalation resistance testing.
7
An increased sample size was used for the stockpiled respirators as opposed to the control respirators to increase the
precision of the performance estimates investigated.
6
5
�Figure 3: Most amount of product case damage observed from Facility Five.
•
•
Temperature nor %RH were controlled. Facility lights were off when not in use. A skylight allowed
sunlight to enter the facility in specific places, including indirectly onto pallets storing respirators. No
evidence of excess moisture or chemical spills that persisted beyond immediate mitigation were
observed. Pallets were generally shrink wrapped around the four pallet sides but not across the top or
bottom. Generally, all pallets were stacked three (or more) high causing some weight/load to be applied
to the bottom pallet.
Percent RH (Figure 4) and Temperature (Figure 5)
o At the time of publication, the recommended storage requirements for %RH and temperature
are
3M 1860, 3M 1870, 3M 8210, 3M 9010, and 3M 2071: remain under 80 %RH; remain
within -4°F to 86°F [3M 2017]
KC 46827: remain under 60 %RH; remain within 68°F to 77°F [KC 2020]
o Data was aggregated across the two data loggers. The average temperature between the 20172018 time period was 70.2°F. The average %RH between 2017-2018 was 42.3%; these averages
are within the 3M and KC recommended temperature and %RH storage conditions.
o For the 3M models, 7.4% of the total temperature data points deviated from the recommended
storage conditions. For the KC 46827 model, 44.5% of data points were below 68°F and 30.9%
were above 77°F. For %RH, no data points deviated from 3M’s recommended storage
conditions, and 2.2% of data points deviated from KC’s recommended conditions.
6
�Figure 4: Percent Relative Humidity (% RH) from October 2017 – October 2018 for two data loggers stored at
Facility Five. Data is plotted as a 50-point moving average for visualization purposes. Maximum and minimum
temperatures reported are noted for each data logger.
7
�Figure 5: Temperatures from October 2017 – October 2018 for two data loggers stored at Facility Five. Data is
plotted as a 50-point moving average for visualization purposes. Maximum and minimum temperatures
reported are noted for each data logger.
8
�Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the inhalation and exhalation resistance for a total of 42 stockpiled and 18 control
respirators. All stockpiled and control respirators from each model passed these tests. The 3M 1860,
3M 1870, 3M 9210, and 3M 9010 data are shown in Figure 6. The 3M 2071 (P95 filter cartridge) data is
shown in Figure 7. The KC 46827 data is shown in Figure 8.
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there were no statistically significant differences (defined as
α<0.05) between the controls and stockpiled respirators for inhalation and exhalation resistance when
averaging across models.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the following differences were observed for exhalation
resistance: 1) 3M 1870 stockpiled 2006 Lots A and B were lower; 2) the 3M 8210 stockpiled 2006 Lot B
was higher; 3) and the KC 46827 stockpiled 2006 Lot B was lower. For inhalation resistance the following
differences were observed for inhalation resistance: 1) 3M 1870 stockpiled 2006 Lots A and B were
lower; and 2) the 3M 8210 stockpiled 2006 Lot B was higher.
For inhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (16.00 mm
H 2 O) was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (35 mm H 2 O allowable maximum). For
exhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (13.46 mm H 2 O)
was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (25 mm H 2 O allowable maximum).
9
�Figure 6: Control and stockpiled respirator inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance data for the 3M 1860, 3M
1870, 3M 8210, and 3M 9010 models. N95 FFRs must have an inhalation resistance less than 35 mmH 2 O and an
exhalation resistance less than 25 mmH 2 O. The pass/fail threshold for inhalation (A) and exhalation (B)
resistance is shown by the red line. Error bars represent the 99% confidence interval and estimate the
population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested and
evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
10
�Figure 7: Control and stockpiled respirator inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance data for the 3M 2071
model. P95 filters must have an inhalation resistance less than 35 mmH 2 O and an exhalation resistance less than
25 mmH 2 O. The pass/fail threshold for inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance is shown by the red line. Error
bars represent the 99% confidence interval and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval
suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the
upper and lower bounds.
11
�Figure 8: Control and stockpiled respirator inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance data for the KC 46827
model. P95 filters must have an inhalation resistance less than 35 mmH 2 O and an exhalation resistance less than
25 mmH 2 O. The pass/fail threshold for inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance is shown by the red line. Error
bars represent the 99% confidence interval and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval
me suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the
upper and lower bounds.
12
�Filtration Performance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the particulate penetration efficiency for 560 stockpiled respirators and 120 controls.
The 3M 1860, 3M 1870, 3M 9210, and 3M 9010 data are shown in Figure 9. The 3M 2071 (P95 filter
cartridge) data is shown in Figure 10. The KC 46827 data is shown in Figure 11.
None of the individual respirators tested exceeded the 5.0% maximum. The highest penetration for an
individual stockpiled respirator was 4.53% (KC 46827) and the highest penetration for an individual
control respirator was 2.84% (KC 46827).
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there were no statistically significant differences (defined as
α<0.05) between the 3M controls and 3M stockpiled respirators for filtration when averaging across
models. There was a statistically significant difference between the KC controls (mean percent
penetration=1.77%, SD=0.45) and KC stockpiled respirators (mean percent penetration=2.73%,
SD=0.68), p<0.001.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the following statistically significant differences were
detected: 1) 3M 1860 stockpiled 2007 Lot A had a higher penetration; 2) 3M 1860 stockpiled 2010 Lot A
had a higher penetration; 3) 3M 1870 stockpiled 2011 Lot A had a higher penetration; 4) Both 3M 8210
stockpiled 2006 Lot A and Lot B had a lower penetration; and 5) Both KC 46827 stockpiled 2006 Lots A
and B had a higher penetration.
Figure 9: Control and stockpiled respirator particle filtration performance data for the 3M 1860, 3M 1870, 3M
8210, and 3M 9010 models. N95 FFRs must have a particle penetration of less than 5.0%. Error bars represent
the 99% confidence interval and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99%
of any repeated samples tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower
bounds.
13
�Figure 10: Control and stockpiled respirator particle filtration performance data for the 3M 2071 model. P95
FFRs must have a liquid particle penetration of less than 5.0%. Error bars represent the 99% confidence interval
and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval means that 99% of any repeated samples
tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
Figure 11: Control and stockpiled respirator particle filtration performance data for the KC 46827 model. N95
FFRs must have a particle penetration of less than 5.0%. Error bars represent the 99% confidence interval and
estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested
and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
14
�CASE Findings
Findings for the KC 46827 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. This model
currently has a five-year recommended shelf life; Appendix 1 shows a KC letter to end users with shelf life
information, which states respirators past their shelf life should be discarded [KC 2018]. Thus, these respirators
tested are past their recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to KC units from Facility Five and may not
be applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Findings for the 3M 1860, 3M 1870, 3M 8210, 3M 9010, and 3M 2071 Models:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. These five
models currently have a five-year recommended shelf life; Appendix 2 shows two 3M letters to end users with
shelf life and recommended storage condition information [3M 2018, 3M 2020]. Thus, all respirators tested are
past their recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to 3M units from Facility Five and may not be
applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Stockpile Storage Conditions:
For the 3M models, 7.4% of the total temperature data points deviated from the previously described
recommended storage conditions. For the KC 46827 model, 75.4% of the total temperature data points deviated
from the previously described recommended storage conditions. For %RH, no data points deviated from 3M’s
recommended storage conditions, and 2.2% of data points deviated from KC’s recommended conditions. Stored
under these conditions, NIOSH found that 602 APRs evaluated in this study, which were 8-12 years old,
maintained their inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration performance (i.e. all sampled respirators
were below the NIOSH maximum limit as defined by 42 CFR Part 84).
NIOSH regulation sets the minimum quality and performance requirements for the approval of respirators
[NIOSH 1997]. NIOSH does not have requirements for shelf life or storage conditions for particulate-only APRs.
The approval holder 8 (i.e. the entity that is granted the approval from NIOSH) is responsible for understanding
how their products’ design or performance may be affected by various use or storage conditions and must
provide instruction for establishing the proper use, storage, and maintenance procedures for their approved
products, which may include designating a shelf life [NIOSH 2019]. FFR or particulate filter packaging (such as
the box) often includes NIOSH-approved user instructions, label information, and recommendations on shelf life.
Additionally, some approval holders also disseminate recommendations related to storage and shelf life through
resources such as user and web notices. The respirators tested in this study were generally not designed for
long-term storage.
At this time, we do not have enough information to definitively know the level of protection that may be
provided by respirators that 1) are stored for prolonged periods of times; 2) are stored under various storage
conditions; or 3) have exceeded the approval holder’s designated shelf life. Users of respirators that have
8
An approval may be granted to a non-manufacturing entity.
15
�exceeded the designated shelf life should be forewarned to avoid a false sense of confidence; these devices may
not provide the same level of protection as those that have not exceeded the designated shelf life. We
recommend contacting the approval holder(s) of the respirators in the stockpile with specific questions
regarding the use of product beyond the designated shelf life.
16
�What Can Stockpile Personnel Do to Learn More about the
Respirators in their Stockpile?
•
•
•
Stockpile personnel should check the product information from the approval holder as well as the
NIOSH Certified Equipment List to remain up-to-date on product storage conditions, shelf-life
information, and NIOSH approval status. Check NIOSH’s Certified Equipment List to verify the respirator
model currently maintains its NIOSH approval at
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/cel/default.html
Stockpile personnel should work with the approval holder(s) of the stockpiled products with specific
questions regarding the use of expired product.
Sign up for NPPTL’s Listserv at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/sub-NPPTL.html to receive email
notifications relevant to PPE.
For more information related to personal protective equipment, visit the NIOSH NPPTL website
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/
Get More Information
Find NIOSH products and get answers to workplace safety and health questions:
1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) | TTY: 1-888-232-6348
CDC/NIOSH INFO: cdc.gov/info | cdc.gov/niosh
Monthly NIOSH eNews: cdc.gov/niosh/eNews
All photos courtesy of NIOSH NPPTL.
Disclaimer
The recommendations in this report are made based on the findings at the stockpile evaluated and may not be
applicable to other stockpile facilities.
Mention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH). In addition, citations to websites external to NIOSH do not constitute NIOSH endorsement of the sponsoring organizations or
their programs or products. Furthermore, NIOSH is not responsible for the content of these websites. All web addresses referenced in
this document were accessible as of the publication date.
17
�Suggested Citation
NIOSH PPE CASE: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators:
Facility Five of Ten. By Greenawald, L., Moore, S., and Yorio, P. Pittsburgh, PA U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
References
3M [2017]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Filtering Facepiece/Disposable Respirator Storage Conditions and Shelf Life. St.
Paul, MN. https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1015853O/faq-3m-filtering-facepiece-disposable-respirator-storageconditions-and-shelf-life.pdf [accessed February 27, 2020].
3M [2018]. 3M Personal Safety Division Letter. St. Paul, MN: The 3M Company.
https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1430383O/3m-filtering-facepiece-shelf-life-letter.pdf.
3M [2020]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Health Care Particulate Respirator and Surgical Masks Storage Conditions and
Shelf Life. St. Paul, MN. http://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/869238O/3m-health-care-particulate-respirator-andsurgical-masks-storage-conditions-and-shelf-life-faq.pdf
ASTHO [2013]. Federal Emergency Preparedness Directives and Systems- Emergency Authority and Immunity Toolkit.
Arlington, VA: Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. http://www.astho.org/Programs/Preparedness/PublicHealth-Emergency-Law/Emergency-Authority-and-Immunity-Toolkit/Federal-Emergency-Preparedness-Directives-andSystems-Fact-Sheet/.
Carias C, Rainisch G, Shankar M, Adhikari BB, Swerdlow DL, Bower WA, Piliai SK, Meltzer MI, Koonin LM [2015]. Potential
demand for respirators and surgical masks during a hypothetical influenza pandemic in the United States. Clinical Infectious
Diseases 60 (1): S42-S51 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/civ141.
DHHS [2012]. An HHS retrospective on the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic to advance all hazards preparedness.
Washington D.C: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/mcm/h1n1retrospective/Documents/h1n1-retrospective.pdf.
KC [2018]. Kimberly Clark Letter to Customers (Appendix 1)
KC [2020]. Kimberly Clark representatives, email correspondence, February 25, 2020.
NIOSH [1997]. 42 CFR Part 84 respiratory protective devices. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/pt84abs2.html.
NIOSH [2017]. Workplace safety and health topics: healthcare workers. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/healthcare/default.html.
NIOSH [2018]. Standard respirator testing procedures. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/stps/apresp.html.
NIOSH [2019]. NIOSH conformity assessment notice: NIOSH CA 2019-1012, NIOSH respirator approval contents and
meaning. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/resources/pressrel/letters/conformitynotice/CA-2019-1012.html.
Patel A, D'Alessandro M, Ireland KJ, Burel WG, Wencil EB, Rasmussen SA [2017]. Personal protective equipment supply
chain: lessons learned from recent public health emergency responses. Health Security. 15 (3): 244-252
https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2016.0129.
18
�Rottach DR, Lei Z [2017] Stockpiled N95 filtering facepiece respirator polyisoprene strap performance. J Int Soc Respir Prot.
34 (2): 69-80 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6198819/.
19
�Appendix 1 [KC 2018]
20
�Appendix 2 [3M 2018], [3M 2020]
21
�22
�23
�24
�25
�
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/899c273e79e99051f9059147b067c88a.pdf
457f3c5612c139a7b2211bb2055330f0
PDF Text
Text
PPE CASE
Personal Protective Equipment Conformity Assessment Studies and Evaluations
Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators, Facility Six of
Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Efficiency
Performance
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL)
Lee A. Greenawald, Susan M. Moore, Patrick L. Yorio
March 1, 2020
NIOSH found that 387 of 387 N95
filtering facepiece respirators
stockpiled at Facility Six that were
11-12 years old maintained their
inhalation and exhalation
resistance and filtration
performance in accordance with
NIOSH performance standards.
In the event of a national emergency, eighteen million U.S. healthcare
workers may face high-consequence infectious disease exposures
[NIOSH 2017]. Personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gowns,
gloves, goggles, and respirators, is an important measure within the
infection prevention hierarchy of controls. During public health
emergencies, the sudden increase in PPE demand may exceed
supplies for upwards of three months while manufacturers increase
production [ASTHO 2013; Carias et al. 2015]; [Patel et al. 2017]. For
example, during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, local respirator shortages were reported and, during the 2016 Ebola
outbreak and the first U.S. fatality, there was a 10-200 fold increase in PPE orders [DHHS 2012; NIOSH 2018]. To
prepare for these shortages, large quantities of PPE are strategically stockpiled at hospital, local, state, and
federal facilities [NIOSH 1997].
Due to the decision to stockpile PPE, stockpile personnel and decision makers have sought to understand if
stockpiled PPE is still viable following long-term storage. NIOSH does not require approval holders (i.e. those
granted the approval from NIOSH) to designate a shelf life for particulate-only air-purifying respirators (APR),
although some choose to do so and may provide this information on product packaging or online. There is
limited published data to understand the viability of respirators that have undergone long-term storage with or
without a designated shelf life. Over the past decade, the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) and state and local
stockpile personnel asked NIOSH to evaluate the performance of stockpiled PPE as well as better understand
storage conditions in U.S. stockpile facilities that store PPE.
In 2017, NIOSH established a PPE Stockpile Partnership consisting of 1) federal entities and stockpiles; 2) state,
county, and city stockpiles; 3) hospital-related stockpile entities; and 4) a manufacturer trade association to
inform the design and execution of an empirical study to evaluate stockpiled APRs. NIOSH obtained samples of
PPE from geographically dispersed stockpiles with varying storage conditions.
This report details the inhalation/exhalation resistance and filtration performance of N95 filtering facepiece
APRs collected from Facility Six of Ten. This facility is a state stockpile facility.
�How NIOSH Evaluated Respirators and Storage Conditions
Description of Facility Six
•
NIOSH researchers visited Facility Six in April 2018 (Figure 1). This facility was located within the U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services Region 10, representing Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, and
Washington.
Assessment of Storage Conditions
•
•
NIOSH, in conjunction with the PPE Partnership members, developed checklists to document site and
packaging (i.e. pallet, case, and box) conditions that may impact respirator performance.
NIOSH documented the following storage conditions: 1) the PPE packaging presence of dust, shrinkwrapping, chemicals, and moisture, 2) exposure to sunlight and direct light; 3) proximity to fans,
windows, doors, and ventilation systems; 4) damage to pallet and product packaging; and 5) location of
pallet on storage rack (e.g., top, bottom) and location of PPE product on pallet (e.g., top/not loadbearing, bottom/load-bearing).
Figure 1: NIOSH researchers documented storage practices at Facility Six such as location and type of
lighting, pallet stacking practices, and conditions of the flooring, roofing, and exterior walls.
•
NIOSH reviewed facility temperature and percent relative humidity (%RH) data provided by Facility Six
stockpile personnel. This data was collected intermittently from January 2013 to November 2017. The
data included temperatures taken at five different locations, which were averaged.
Collection of Respirator Samples
•
•
Facility Six’s inventory included APRs that are classified as N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs).
Samples were collected from four different manufacturing models 1: 1) Kimberly Clark (KC) 46727; 2) KC
46827; 3) Moldex 2201; and 4) 3M 8000 (Table 1).
Upon reviewing the detailed APR inventories and storage location by lot within Facility Six, two different
manufacturing lots for each model were identified and sampled within Facility Six. Two lots were
sampled to evaluate and attempt to account for inter-lot variation. More than two lots were sampled
Based on the other nine collaborating stockpiles’ inventories, these six models were sampled in order to compare
performance within common respirator models when stored under disparate conditions.
1
2
�•
from a model if conditions presented “worst-case scenario” conditions within the facility. Products were
sampled and shipped to the NIOSH facility overnight to reduce exposure to non-climate-controlled
conditions.
Forty-three respirators were tested from each manufacturing lot for inhalation and exhalation
resistance (n=3) and filtration performance testing (n=40) 2.
Selection of Control Respirators
•
Control respirators of the same model as those sampled from the facility were purchased from the open
market to be used as a comparison between stockpiled and new respirators.
Characteristics of Sampled Respirators
•
Table 1 provides a summary of the respirator models sampled from Facility Six.
Table 1. FFRs Sampled from Stockpile Facility Six
Model
Lot #
Year of
Manufacture
Shelf Life on
Packaging?
KC 46727
KC 46727
KC 46827
KC 46827
Moldex 2201
Moldex 2201
3M 8000
3M 8000
3M 8000
Lot A
Lot A
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot C
2006
2006
2007
2007
2006
2006
2006
2006
2006
No
No
No
No
Yes - 2010
Yes - 2010
No
No
No
Respirator Age at
Time of Testing 3
12 years
11 years
12 years
12 years
Shelf Life
Status at Time
of Testing
Past 5-year shelf
life 4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 9-year shelf
life 5
Past 5-year shelf
life 6
Evaluation of Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance
•
•
Twenty-three control respirators were tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance. The KC 46827 and 46727 controls were manufactured in 2017, the Moldex 2201 controls
were manufactured in 2018, and the 3M 8000 controls were manufactured in 2006 7. NIOSH testing
requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and
exhalation resistance. The same three respirators can be used for both inhalation and exhalation
resistance testing [NIOSH 2018].
Inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration performance of the stockpiled and control respirators
were evaluated using the same Standard Test Procedures (STPs) NIOSH uses for approving respirators
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance and a minimum of 20 must be tested for filtration efficiency [NIOSH 2018].
3
Testing was completed in 2018.
4
KC designated a five-year shelf life for this model [KC 2018]. As of February 2020, this model still has a five-year shelf life
5
Moldex designated a nine-year shelf life for these models [Moldex 2015]. In 2006, the shelf life was designated as four
years, but was changed in 2009 to nine years. As of February 2020, these models still have a nine-year shelf life.
6
3M designated a five-year shelf life for these models [3M 2018]. As of February 2020, these models still have a five-year
shelf life; the 3M 8000 model is no longer produced or sold by 3M.
7
3M 8000 is no longer manufactured thus NIOSH was not able to purchase new units to be used as controls.
2
3
�•
under 42 Code of Federal Regulations Part 84, “Approval of Respiratory Protective Devices” [NIOSH
2018] (Table 2).
Table 2 describes the method for evaluating the inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance of sampled respirators and control respirators.
Table 2. NIOSH Tests Conducted to Evaluate Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration
Performance.
NIOSH Standard Test
Procedures (STPs)
STP 3: Exhalation Resistance
STP 7: Inhalation Resistance
STP 59: Particulate Filter
Efficiency for N95
Pass/Fail Criteria for APRs
<25 mm H 2 O column @ 85 liters
per minute (LPM)
<35 mm H 2 O column @ 85 LPM
<5.0% particulate penetration
(>95.0% filter efficiency)
Stockpiled Respirators
Tested Per
Manufacturing Lot
Control Respirators
Tested
38
38
38
38
40 9
20
What NIOSH Found Through Inspection, Testing, and Evaluation
Storage Conditions
•
Visual Inspections—Dust and damage to product packaging was limited or not observed at Facility Six;
examples of the most amount of dust is shown in Figure 2. No product boxes showed damage. Of the
387 respirators visually inspected, no concerns were noted.
Figure 2: Most amount of dust observed on product cases from Facility Six.
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance. The same three respirators can be used for both inhalation and exhalation resistance testing.
9
An increased sample size was used for the stockpiled respirators as opposed to the control respirators to increase the
precision of the performance estimates investigated.
8
4
�•
•
Temperature and %RH were controlled and intermittently monitored. Back-up generator existed in case
of power outage. Facility lights were off when not in use. Ceiling fans continuously ran to circulate air.
No evidence of excess moisture or chemical spills that persisted beyond immediate mitigation were
observed. Pallets were generally shrink wrapped around the four pallet sides and across the top.
Generally, all pallets were separated by rack, reducing weight/load applied to a single pallet.
Percent RH (Figure 3) and Temperature (Figure 4)
o At the time of publication, the recommended storage requirements for %RH and temperature
are
KC 46727 and 46827: remain under 60 %RH; remain within 68°F to 77°F [KC 2020]
Moldex 2201: no specific %RH recommendations; remain within 14°F and 122°F [Moldex
2019]
3M 80007: remain under 80 %RH; remain within -4°F to 86°F [3M 2017]
o Temperature data was averaged across the five temperature collection locations. The average
temperature between the 2013-2017 time period was 71.4°F. The average %RH between 20132017 was 34.0%; these averages are within KC, Moldex, and 3M’s recommended temperature
and %RH storage conditions.
o For the KC models, 2.6% of data points were below 68°F and 0.3% were above 77°F. No
temperature data points deviated from Moldex or 3M’s recommended conditions. For %RH, no
data points deviated from KC, 3M, or Moldex’s recommended storage conditions.
o Some respirators from Facility Six were previously stored and deployed from a federal SNS
facility. Although the current tracking process does not allow for retrieval of the historical
location(s) and environmental conditions for these sampled products, subsequent discussions
with SNS leadership suggest that SNS storage conditions met recommended conditions.
5
�Figure 3: Percent Relative Humidity (% RH) from January 2013 – November 2017 taken at one location within
Facility Six. Data is plotted as a 5-point moving average for visualization purposes. Maximum and minimum
temperatures reported are noted for each data logger.
6
�Figure 4: Temperatures from January 2013 – November 2017 taken at five locations within Facility Six. Data is
plotted as a 5-point moving average for visualization purposes. Maximum and minimum temperatures reported
are noted for each data logger.
7
�Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the inhalation and exhalation resistance for a total of 27 stockpiled and 12 control
respirators. All stockpiled and control respirators from each model passed these tests (Figure 5).
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there were no statistically significant differences (defined as
α<0.05) between the FFR controls and FFR stockpiled respirators for inhalation and exhalation
resistance when averaging across models.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the following statistically significant differences were found
with respect to exhalation resistance: 1) 3M 8000 stockpiled 2006 Lots A and B were statistically
significantly higher; 2) KC 46827 stockpiled 2007 Lot A was significantly lower; and 3) Moldex 2201
stockpiled 2006 Lot A was significantly higher. The following statistically significant differences were
found with respect to inhalation resistance: 1) 3M 8000 stockpiled 2006 Lots A and B were statistically
significantly higher; 2) KC 46827 stockpiled 2007 Lots A and B were significantly lower; and 3) Moldex
2201 stockpiled 2006 Lot A was statistically significantly higher.
For inhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (15.75 mm
H 2 O) was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (35 mm H 2 O allowable maximum). For
exhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (14.22 mm H 2 O)
was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (25 mm H 2 O allowable maximum).
8
�Figure 5: Control and stockpiled respirator inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance data. N95 FFRs must have
an inhalation resistance less than 35 mmH 2 O and an exhalation resistance less than 25 mmH 2 O. The pass/fail
threshold for inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance is shown by the red line. Error bars represent the 99%
confidence interval and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any
repeated samples tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
9
�Filtration Performance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the particulate penetration efficiency for 360 stockpiled respirators and 80 controls.
None of the individual stockpiled respirators tested exceeded the 5.0% maximum (Figure 6). The highest
penetration for an individual stockpiled respirator was 4.82% (KC 46727) and the highest penetration for
an individual control respirator was 4.93% (KC 46727).
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there was not a statistically significant difference (defined as
α<0.05) between KC control and KC stockpiled respirators. 3M controls (mean percent
penetration=2.45%, SD=0.36) displayed a significantly higher penetration when compared to 3M
stockpiled respirators (mean percent penetration=1.75%, SD=0.67) when averaging across models; and
Moldex controls (mean percent penetration=1.66%, SD=0.31) displayed a statistically significantly higher
penetration when compared to Moldex stockpiled respirators (mean percent penetration=0.74%,
SD=0.31) when averaging across models.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the following statistically significant differences were
detected: 1) each of the 3M 8000 stockpiled 2006 Lots had a lower penetration; 2) KC 46727 stockpiled
2006 Lot A had a lower penetration; 3) KC 46827 stockpiled 2007 Lot A had a higher penetration; and 4)
both Moldex 2201 stockpiled 2006 Lots A and B had a lower penetration.
Figure 6: Control and stockpiled respirator particle filtration performance data. N95 FFRs must have a particle
penetration of less than 5.0%. Error bars represent the 99% confidence interval and estimate the population
parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested and evaluated from this
lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
10
�CASE Findings
Findings for the KC 46727 and 46827 Models:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. This model
currently has a five-year recommended shelf life; Appendix 1 shows a KC letter to end users with shelf life
information, which states respirators past their shelf life should be discarded [KC 2018]. Thus, these respirators
tested are past their recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to KC units from Facility Six and may not be
applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Findings for the 3M 8000 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. This model
is no longer produced and sold by 3M. Additionally, Appendix 2 shows two 3M letters to end users with shelf
life and recommended storage condition information [3M 2018, 3M 2020]. Thus, all respirators tested are past
their recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to 3M units from Facility Six and may not be applicable to
other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Findings for the Moldex 2201 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. This model
currently has a nine-year recommended shelf life; Appendix 3 shows a Moldex memo to customers and
distributors with shelf life and recommended storage condition information [Moldex 2015]. Thus, all respirators
tested are past their recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to Moldex units from Facility Six and may
not be applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Stockpile Storage Conditions:
For the KC models, 2.9% of data points deviated from the previously described recommended conditions. No
temperature data points deviated from Moldex or 3M’s recommended conditions. For %RH, no data points
deviated from KC, 3M, or Moldex’s recommended storage conditions. Stored under these conditions, NIOSH
found that 387 N95 FFRs evaluated in this study, which were 11-12 years old, maintained their inhalation and
exhalation resistance and filtration performance (i.e. all sampled respirators were below the NIOSH maximum
limit as defined by 42 CFR Part 84).
NIOSH regulation sets the minimum quality and performance requirements for the approval of respirators
[NIOSH 1997]. NIOSH does not have requirements for shelf life or storage conditions for particulate-only APRs.
The approval holder 10 (i.e. the entity that is granted the approval from NIOSH) is responsible for understanding
how their products’ design or performance may be affected by various use or storage conditions and must
provide instruction for establishing the proper use, storage, and maintenance procedures for their approved
products, which may include designating a shelf life [NIOSH 2019]. FFR or particulate filter packaging (such as
the box) often includes NIOSH-approved user instructions, label information, and recommendations on shelf life.
10
An approval may be granted to a non-manufacturing entity.
11
�Additionally, some approval holders also disseminate recommendations related to storage and shelf life through
resources such as user and web notices. The respirators tested in this study were generally not designed for
long-term storage.
At this time, we do not have enough information to definitively know the level of protection that may be
provided by respirators that 1) are stored for prolonged periods of times; 2) are stored under various storage
conditions; or 3) have exceeded the approval holder’s designated shelf life. Users of respirators that have
exceeded the designated shelf life should be forewarned to avoid a false sense of confidence; these devices may
not provide the same level of protection as those that have not exceeded the designated shelf life. We
recommend contacting the approval holder(s) of the respirators in the stockpile with specific questions
regarding the use of product beyond the designated shelf life.
NIOSH recommends users contact 3M regarding use of 3M model 8000 respirators.
12
�What Can Stockpile Personnel Do to Learn More about the
Respirators in their Stockpile?
•
•
•
Stockpile personnel should check the product information from the approval holder as well as the
NIOSH Certified Equipment List to remain up-to-date on product storage conditions, shelf-life
information, and NIOSH approval status. Check NIOSH’s Certified Equipment List to verify the respirator
model currently maintains its NIOSH approval at
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/cel/default.html
Stockpile personnel should work with the approval holder(s) of the stockpiled products with specific
questions regarding the use of expired product.
Sign up for NPPTL’s Listserv at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/sub-NPPTL.html to receive email
notifications relevant to PPE.
For more information related to personal protective equipment, visit the NIOSH NPPTL website
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/
Get More Information
Find NIOSH products and get answers to workplace safety and health questions:
1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) | TTY: 1-888-232-6348
CDC/NIOSH INFO: cdc.gov/info | cdc.gov/niosh
Monthly NIOSH eNews: cdc.gov/niosh/eNews
All photos courtesy of NIOSH NPPTL.
Disclaimer
The recommendations in this report are made based on the findings at the stockpile evaluated and may not be
applicable to other stockpile facilities.
Mention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH). In addition, citations to websites external to NIOSH do not constitute NIOSH endorsement of the sponsoring organizations or
their programs or products. Furthermore, NIOSH is not responsible for the content
of these websites. All web addresses referenced in this document were
accessible as of the publication date.
13
�Suggested Citation
NIOSH PPE CASE: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators:
Facility Six of Ten. By Greenawald, L., Moore, S., and Yorio, P. Pittsburgh, PA U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
References
3M [2017]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Filtering Facepiece/Disposable Respirator Storage Conditions and Shelf Life. St.
Paul, MN. https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1015853O/faq-3m-filtering-facepiece-disposable-respirator-storageconditions-and-shelf-life.pdf [accessed February 27, 2020].
3M [2018]. 3M Personal Safety Division Letter. St. Paul, MN: The 3M Company.
https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1430383O/3m-filtering-facepiece-shelf-life-letter.pdf.
3M [2020]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Health Care Particulate Respirator and Surgical Masks Storage Conditions and
Shelf Life. St. Paul, MN. http://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/869238O/3m-health-care-particulate-respirator-andsurgical-masks-storage-conditions-and-shelf-life-faq.pdf
ASTHO [2013]. Federal Emergency Preparedness Directives and Systems- Emergency Authority and Immunity Toolkit.
Arlington, VA: Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. http://www.astho.org/Programs/Preparedness/PublicHealth-Emergency-Law/Emergency-Authority-and-Immunity-Toolkit/Federal-Emergency-Preparedness-Directives-andSystems-Fact-Sheet/.
Carias C, Rainisch G, Shankar M, Adhikari BB, Swerdlow DL, Bower WA, Piliai SK, Meltzer MI, Koonin LM [2015]. Potential
demand for respirators and surgical masks during a hypothetical influenza pandemic in the United States. Clinical Infectious
Diseases 60 (1): S42-S51 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/civ141.
DHHS [2012]. An HHS retrospective on the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic to advance all hazards preparedness.
Washington D.C: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/mcm/h1n1retrospective/Documents/h1n1-retrospective.pdf.
KC [2018]. Kimberly Clark Letter to Customers (Appendix 1).
KC [2020]. Kimberly Clark representatives, email correspondence, February 25, 2020.
Moldex [2015] Moldex Memo to Customers and Distributors (Appendix 3).
Moldex [2019]. Moldex Customer Service Representative, personal communication through email, October 31, 2019)
NIOSH [1997]. 42 CFR Part 84 respiratory protective devices. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/pt84abs2.html.
NIOSH [2017]. Workplace safety and health topics: healthcare workers. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/healthcare/default.html.
NIOSH [2018]. Standard respirator testing procedures. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/stps/apresp.html.
NIOSH [2019]. NIOSH conformity assessment notice: NIOSH CA 2019-1012, NIOSH respirator approval contents and
meaning. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/resources/pressrel/letters/conformitynotice/CA-2019-1012.html.
14
�Patel A, D'Alessandro M, Ireland KJ, Burel WG, Wencil EB, Rasmussen SA [2017]. Personal protective equipment supply
chain: lessons learned from recent public health emergency responses. Health Security. 15 (3): 244-252
https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2016.0129.
Rottach DR, Lei Z [2017] Stockpiled N95 filtering facepiece respirator polyisoprene strap performance. J Int Soc Respir Prot.
34 (2): 69-80 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6198819/.
15
�Appendix 1 [KC 2018]
16
�Appendix 2 [3M 2018], [3M 2020]
17
�18
�19
�20
�21
�Appendix 3 [Moldex 2015]
22
�
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/6caf3a2ce513443597134e89d13d0cc7.pdf
46a9770e67b795bee0d853076124e6cc
PDF Text
Text
PPE CASE
Personal Protective Equipment Conformity Assessment Studies and Evaluations
Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators, Facility Seven
of Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration
Efficiency Performance
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL)
Lee A. Greenawald, Susan M. Moore, Patrick L. Yorio
March 1, 2020
NIOSH found that 519 of 559
N95 filtering facepiece
respirators stockpiled at Facility
Seven that were 5-12 years old
maintained their inhalation and
exhalation resistance and
filtration performance in
accordance with NIOSH
performance standards.
In the event of a national emergency, eighteen million U.S. healthcare
workers may face high-consequence infectious disease exposures
[NIOSH 2017]. Personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gowns,
gloves, goggles, and respirators, is an important measure within the
infection prevention hierarchy of controls. During public health
emergencies, the sudden increase in PPE demand may exceed
supplies for upwards of three months while manufacturers increase
production [ASTHO 2013; Carias et al. 2015]; [Patel et al. 2017]. For
example, during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, local respirator shortages
were reported and, during the 2016 Ebola outbreak and the first U.S. fatality, there was a 10-200 fold increase in
PPE orders [DHHS 2012; NIOSH 2018]. To prepare for these shortages, large quantities of PPE are strategically
stockpiled at hospital, local, state, and federal facilities [NIOSH 1997].
Due to the decision to stockpile PPE, stockpile personnel and decision makers have sought to understand if
stockpiled PPE is still viable following long-term storage. NIOSH does not require approval holders (i.e. those
granted the approval from NIOSH) to designate a shelf life for particulate-only air-purifying respirators (APR),
although some choose to do so and may provide this information on product packaging or online. There is
limited published data to understand the viability of respirators that have undergone long-term storage with or
without a designated shelf life. Over the past decade, the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) and state and local
stockpile personnel asked NIOSH to evaluate the performance of stockpiled PPE as well as better understand
storage conditions in U.S. stockpile facilities that store PPE.
In 2017, NIOSH established a PPE Stockpile Partnership consisting of 1) federal entities and stockpiles; 2) state,
county, and city stockpiles; 3) hospital-related stockpile entities; and 4) a manufacturer trade association to
inform the design and execution of an empirical study to evaluate stockpiled APRs. NIOSH obtained samples of
PPE from geographically dispersed stockpiles with varying storage conditions.
This report details the inhalation/exhalation resistance and filtration performance of N95 filtering facepiece
APRs collected from Facility Seven of Ten. This facility is a state stockpile facility.
�How NIOSH Evaluated Respirators and Storage Conditions
Description of Facility Seven
•
NIOSH researchers visited Facility Seven in August 2018 (Figure 1). This facility was located within the
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Region 1, representing Connecticut, Maine,
Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont.
Assessment of Storage Conditions
•
•
NIOSH, in conjunction with the PPE Partnership members, developed checklists to document site and
packaging (i.e. pallet, case, and box) conditions that may impact respirator performance.
NIOSH documented the following storage conditions: 1) the PPE packaging presence of dust, shrinkwrapping, chemicals, and moisture, 2) exposure to sunlight and direct light; 3) proximity to fans,
windows, doors, and ventilation systems; 4) damage to pallet and product packaging; and 5) location of
pallet on storage rack (e.g., top, bottom) and location of PPE product on pallet (e.g., top/not loadbearing, bottom/load-bearing).
Figure 1: NIOSH researchers documented storage practices at Facility Seven such as location and type of
lighting, pallet stacking practices, and conditions of the flooring, roofing, and exterior walls.
•
NIOSH placed one data logger in the facility to collect temperature and percent relative humidity (%RH)
data for one year. This data was collected in 30-minute intervals from November 2017 to November
2018.
2
�Collection of Respirator Samples
•
•
•
Facility Seven’s inventory included APRs that are classified as N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs).
Samples were collected from six different manufacturing models 1: 1) 3M 1860 (two different
manufacturing years); 2) 3M 1870; 3) 3M 8000; 4) 3M 9010; 5) Kimberly Clark (KC) 46727; and 6) KC
46827 (Table 1).
Upon reviewing the detailed APR inventories and storage location by lot within Facility Seven, two
different manufacturing lots for each model were identified and sampled within Facility Seven. Two lots
were sampled to evaluate and attempt to account for inter-lot variation. More than two lots were
sampled from a model if conditions presented “worst-case scenario” conditions within the facility.
Products were sampled and shipped to the NIOSH facility overnight to reduce exposure to non-climatecontrolled conditions.
Forty-three respirators were tested from each manufacturing lot for inhalation and exhalation
resistance (n=3) and filtration performance testing (n=40) 2.
Selection of Control Respirators
•
Control respirators of the same model as those sampled from the facility were purchased from the open
market to be used as a comparison between stockpiled and new respirators.
Characteristics of Sampled Respirators
•
Table 1 provides a summary of the respirator models sampled from Facility Seven.
Based on the other nine collaborating stockpiles’ inventories, these six models were sampled in order to compare
performance within common respirator models when stored under disparate conditions.
2
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance and a minimum of 20 must be tested for filtration efficiency [NIOSH 2018].
1
3
�Table 1. FFRs Sampled from Stockpile Facility Seven
Model
Lot #
Year of
Manufacture
Shelf Life on
Packaging?
3M 1860
3M 1860
3M 1860
3M 1860
A
B
A
B
2007
2007
2010
2010
No
No
No
No
3M 1870
A
2013
No
3M 8000
3M 8000
3M 9010
3M 9010
KC 46727
KC 46727
KC 46827
KC 46827
A
B
A
B
A
B
A
B
2007
2007
2007
2007
2006
2007
2006
2006
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Respirator Age at
Time of Testing 3
11 years
8 years
5 years
11 years
11 years
12 years
11 years
12 years
Shelf Life
Status at Time
of Testing
Past 5-year shelf
life 4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life5
Past 5-year shelf
life 5
Evaluation of Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance
•
•
•
Twenty-three control respirators were tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance. The 3M 1860 controls were manufactured in 2018, the 3M 1870 controls were
manufactured in 2014, the 3M 9010 controls were purchased in 2018 but have an unknown
manufacturing date, the 3M 8000 controls 6 were manufactured in 2006, and the KC 46727 and KC
46827 controls were manufactured in 2017. NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three
respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance. The same three respirators can
be used for both inhalation and exhalation resistance testing [NIOSH 2018].
Inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration performance of the stockpiled and control respirators
were evaluated using the same Standard Test Procedures (STPs) NIOSH uses for approving respirators
under 42 Code of Federal Regulations Part 84, “Approval of Respiratory Protective Devices” [NIOSH
2018] (Table 2).
Table 2 describes the method for evaluating the inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance of sampled respirators and control respirators.
Testing was completed in 2018.
3M designated a five-year shelf life for these models [3M 2018]. As of February 2020, these models still have a five-year
shelf life; the 3M 8000 is no longer produced or sold by 3M.
5
KC designated a five-year shelf life for this model [KC 2018]. As of February 2020, this model still has a five-year shelf life.
6
3M 8000 is no longer supported by the approval holder thus NIOSH was not able to purchase new units to be used as
controls.
3
4
4
�Table 2. NIOSH Tests Conducted to Evaluate Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration
Performance.
NIOSH Standard Test
Procedures (STPs)
STP 3: Exhalation Resistance
STP 7: Inhalation Resistance
STP 59: Particulate Filter
Efficiency for N95
Pass/Fail Criteria for APRs
<25 mm H 2 O column @ 85 liters
per minute (LPM)
<35 mm H 2 O column @ 85 LPM
<5.0% particulate penetration
(>95.0% filter efficiency)
Stockpiled Respirators
Tested Per
Manufacturing Lot
Control Respirators
Tested
37
37
37
37
40 8
20
What NIOSH Found Through Inspection, Testing, and Evaluation
Storage Conditions
•
Visual Inspections—Dust and damage to product packaging was limited or not observed at Facility
Seven; examples of the most amount of dust and damage to product packaging are shown in Figures 2
and 3. Of the 559 respirators visually inspected, no concerns were noted.
Figure 2: Most amount of dust and water damage observed on product cases from Facility Seven.
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance. The same three respirators can be used for both inhalation and exhalation resistance testing.
8
An increased sample size was used for the stockpiled respirators as opposed to the control respirators to increase the
precision of the performance estimates investigated.
7
5
�Figure 3: Most amount of product case damage observed from Facility Seven.
•
•
•
•
Facility lights were off when not in use. Temperature and %RH were not monitored; no air-conditioning
unit existed but a radiator provided heat. Windows allowed indirect sunlight. Evidence of excess
moisture persisted beyond immediate mitigation were observed on walls near where PPE was stored.
Pallets were generally shrink wrapped around the four pallet sides, and a plastic covering was placed on
top. Pallets were generally separated by metal racks to prevent weight/load to the bottom pallet.
Percent RH (Figure 5) and Temperature (Figure 6)
• At the time of publication, the recommended storage requirements for %RH and temperature
are
3M 1860, 3M 1870, and 3M 9010: remain under 80 %RH; remain within -4°F to 86°F [3M
2017]
3M 80006: remain under 80 %RH; remain within -4°F to 86°F [3M 2017]
KC 46727 and KC 46827: remain under 60 %RH; remain within 68°F to 77°F [KC 2020]
The average temperature between the 2017-2018 time period was 76.4°F. The average %RH between
2017-2018 was 38.4%; these averages are within the 3M and KC recommended temperature and %RH
storage conditions.
For the 3M models, 10.5% of the temperature data points deviated above the recommended storage
conditions. For the KC models, 11.6% of the temperature data points were below 68°F and 50.4% were
above 77°F. For %RH, 0.2% of data points deviated from 3M’s recommended storage conditions, and
26.7% of data points deviated from KC’s recommended conditions.
6
�Figure 5: Percent Relative Humidity (% RH) from November 2017 – November 2018 for two data loggers stored
at Facility Seven. Data is plotted as a 50-point moving average for visualization purposes. Maximum and
minimum temperatures reported are noted for each data logger.
7
�Figure 6: Temperatures from November 2017 – November 2018 for two data loggers stored at Facility Seven.
Data is plotted as a 50-point moving average for visualization purposes. Maximum and minimum temperatures
reported are noted for each data logger.
8
�Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the inhalation and exhalation resistance for a total of 39 stockpiled and 18 control
respirators. All stockpiled and control respirators from each model passed these tests. The 3M 1860,
3M 1870, 3M 8000, and 3M 9010 data are shown in Figure 7. The KC 46727 and KC 46827 models are
shown in Figure 8.
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there were no statistically significant differences (defined as
α<0.05) between the FFR controls and FFR stockpiled respirators for inhalation and exhalation
resistance when averaging across models.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the following differences were found in terms of both
inhalation and exhalation resistance: 1) 3M 1870 stockpiled 2013 Lot A displayed significantly lower
resistance; 2) both KC 46727 stockpiled 2006 Lots A and B were lower; and 3) both KC 46827 stockpiled
2006 Lots A and B were lower.
For inhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (13.97 mm
H 2 O) was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (35 mm H 2 O allowable maximum). For
exhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (12.45 mm H 2 O)
was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (25 mm H 2 O allowable maximum).
9
�Figure 7: Control and stockpiled respirator inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance data for the 3M 1860, 3M
1870, 3M 8000, and 3M 9010 models. N95 FFRs must have an inhalation resistance less than 35 mmH 2 O and an
exhalation resistance less than 25 mmH 2 O. The pass/fail threshold for inhalation (A) and exhalation (B)
resistance is shown by the red line. Error bars represent the 99% confidence interval and estimate the
population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested and
evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
10
�Figure 8: Control and stockpiled respirator inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance data for the KC 46727 and
KC 46827 models. N95 FFRs must have an inhalation resistance less than 35 mmH 2 O and an exhalation
resistance less than 25 mmH 2 O. The pass/fail threshold for inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance is shown
by the red line. Error bars represent the 99% confidence interval and estimate the population parameters. This
confidence interval suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested and evaluated from this lot will have a
mean between the upper and lower bounds.
11
�Filtration Performance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the particulate penetration efficiency for 520 stockpiled respirators and 120 controls.
The 3M 1860, 3M 1870, 3M 8000, and 3M 9010 data are shown in Figure 9. The KC 46727 and KC 46827
models are shown in Figure 10.
Forty individual stockpiled respirators—all KC 46727 2007, Lot A—exceeded the 5.0% maximum. The
highest penetration for an individual stockpiled respirator was 10.40% and the highest penetration for
an individual control respirator was 4.93%.
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there were no statistically significant differences (defined as
α<0.05) between the 3M controls and 3M stockpiled respirators for filtration when averaging across
models. There was a statistically significant difference between the KC controls (mean percent
penetration=2.16%, SD=1.04) and KC stockpiled respirators (mean percent penetration=4.35%,
SD=2.38), p<0.001.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the following statistically significant differences were
detected: 1) 3M 1860 stockpiled 2010 Lot A had a higher penetration; 2) 3M 1860 stockpiled 2007 Lot B
had a higher penetration; 3) both 3M 8000 stockpiled 2008 Lots A and B had a lower penetration; 4) KC
46727 stockpiled 2007 Lot A had a higher penetration; and 5) both KC 46827 stockpiled 2006 Lots A and
B had a higher penetration.
Figure 9: Control and stockpiled respirator particle filtration performance data for the 3M 1860, 3M 1870, 3M
8000, and 3M 9010 models. N95 FFRs must have a particle penetration of less than 5.0%. Error bars represent
the 99% confidence interval and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99%
of any repeated samples tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower
bounds.
12
�Figure 12: Control and stockpiled respirator particle filtration performance data for the KC 46727 and KC 46827
models. N95 FFRs must have a particle penetration of less than 5.0%. Error bars represent the 99% confidence
interval and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any repeated
samples tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
13
�CASE Findings
Findings for the KC 46727 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance or exhalation resistance were observed; 40 failures for filtration
performance were observed. All 40 units came from one production lot manufactured in 2007. This model
currently has a five-year recommended shelf life; Appendix 1 shows a KC letter to end users with shelf life
information, which states respirators past their shelf life should be discarded [KC 2018]. Thus, these respirators
tested are past their recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to KC units from Facility Seven and may not
be applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Findings for the KC 46827 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. TThis
model currently has a five-year recommended shelf life; Appendix 1 shows a KC letter to end users with shelf life
information, which states respirators past their shelf life should be discarded [KC 2018]. Thus, these respirators
tested are past their recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to KC units from Facility Seven and may not
be applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Findings for the 3M 1860, 3M 1870, and 3M 9010 Models:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e.,
based on the storage conditions in this facility, the performance data suggests that these units would be
protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. These three models currently have a five-year manufacturerrecommended shelf life; Appendix 2 shows two 3M letters to end users with shelf life and recommended
storage condition information [3M 2018, 3M 2020]. Thus, all respirators tested are past their recommended
shelf life. These findings pertain to 3M units from Facility Seven and may not be applicable to other stockpile
facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Findings for the 3M 8000 model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. This model
is no longer produced and sold by 3M. Additionally, Appendix 2 shows two 3M letters to end users with shelf
life and recommended storage condition information [3M 2018, 3M 2020]. Thus, all respirators tested are past
their recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to 3M units from Facility Seven and may not be applicable
to other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Stockpile Storage Conditions:
For the 3M models, 10.5% of the temperature data points deviated from the previously described
recommended storage conditions. For the KC models, 62.0% of the temperature data points deviated from the
previously described recommended storage conditions. For %RH, 0.2% of data points deviated from 3M’s
recommended storage conditions, and 26.7% of data points deviated from KC’s recommended conditions.
Stored under these conditions, NIOSH found that 519 of the 559 N95 APRs evaluated in this study, which were 512 years old, maintained their inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration performance (i.e.
14
�approximately 93% of the sampled respirators were below the NIOSH maximum limit as defined by 42 CFR Part
84).
NIOSH regulation sets the minimum quality and performance requirements for the approval of respirators
[NIOSH 1997]. NIOSH does not have requirements for shelf life or storage conditions for particulate-only APRs.
The approval holder 9 (i.e. the entity that is granted the approval from NIOSH) is responsible for understanding
how their products’ design or performance may be affected by various use or storage conditions and must
provide instruction for establishing the proper use, storage, and maintenance procedures for their approved
products, which may include designating a shelf life [NIOSH 2019]. FFR or particulate filter packaging (such as
the box) often includes NIOSH-approved user instructions, label information, and recommendations on shelf life.
Additionally, some approval holders also disseminate recommendations related to storage and shelf life through
resources such as user and web notices. The respirators tested in this study were generally not designed for
long-term storage.
At this time, we do not have enough information to definitively know the level of protection that may be
provided by respirators that 1) are stored for prolonged periods of times; 2) are stored under various storage
conditions; or 3) have exceeded the approval holder’s designated shelf life. Users of respirators that have
exceeded the designated shelf life should be forewarned to avoid a false sense of confidence; these devices may
not provide the same level of protection as those that have not exceeded the designated shelf life. We
recommend contacting the approval holder(s) of the respirators in the stockpile with specific questions
regarding the use of product beyond the designated shelf life.
NIOSH recommends users contact 3M regarding use of 3M model 8000 respirators.
9
An approval may be granted to a non-manufacturing entity.
15
�What Can Stockpile Personnel Do to Learn More about the
Respirators in their Stockpile?
•
•
•
Stockpile personnel should check the product information from the approval holder as well as the
NIOSH Certified Equipment List to remain up-to-date on product storage conditions, shelf-life
information, and NIOSH approval status. Check NIOSH’s Certified Equipment List to verify the respirator
model currently maintains its NIOSH approval at
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/cel/default.html
Stockpile personnel should work with the approval holder(s) of the stockpiled products with specific
questions regarding the use of expired product.
Sign up for NPPTL’s Listserv at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/sub-NPPTL.html to receive email
notifications relevant to PPE.
For more information related to personal protective equipment, visit the NIOSH NPPTL website
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/
Get More Information
Find NIOSH products and get answers to workplace safety and health questions:
1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) | TTY: 1-888-232-6348
CDC/NIOSH INFO: cdc.gov/info | cdc.gov/niosh
Monthly NIOSH eNews: cdc.gov/niosh/eNews
All photos courtesy of NIOSH NPPTL.
Disclaimer
The recommendations in this report are made based on the findings at the stockpile evaluated and may not be
applicable to other stockpile facilities.
Mention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH). In addition, citations to websites external to NIOSH do not constitute NIOSH endorsement of the sponsoring organizations or
their programs or products. Furthermore, NIOSH is not responsible for the content of these websites. All web addresses referenced in
this document were accessible as of the publication date.
16
�Suggested Citation
NIOSH PPE CASE: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators:
Facility Seven of Ten. By Greenawald, L., Moore, S., and Yorio, P. Pittsburgh, PA U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
References
3M [2017]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Filtering Facepiece/Disposable Respirator Storage Conditions and Shelf Life. St.
Paul, MN. https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1015853O/faq-3m-filtering-facepiece-disposable-respirator-storageconditions-and-shelf-life.pdf [accessed February 27, 2020].
3M [2018]. 3M Personal Safety Division Letter. St. Paul, MN: The 3M Company.
https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1430383O/3m-filtering-facepiece-shelf-life-letter.pdf.
3M [2020]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Health Care Particulate Respirator and Surgical Masks Storage Conditions and
Shelf Life. St. Paul, MN. http://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/869238O/3m-health-care-particulate-respirator-andsurgical-masks-storage-conditions-and-shelf-life-faq.pdf
ASTHO [2013]. Federal Emergency Preparedness Directives and Systems- Emergency Authority and Immunity Toolkit.
Arlington, VA: Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. http://www.astho.org/Programs/Preparedness/PublicHealth-Emergency-Law/Emergency-Authority-and-Immunity-Toolkit/Federal-Emergency-Preparedness-Directives-andSystems-Fact-Sheet/.
Carias C, Rainisch G, Shankar M, Adhikari BB, Swerdlow DL, Bower WA, Piliai SK, Meltzer MI, Koonin LM [2015]. Potential
demand for respirators and surgical masks during a hypothetical influenza pandemic in the United States. Clinical Infectious
Diseases 60 (1): S42-S51 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/civ141.
DHHS [2012]. An HHS retrospective on the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic to advance all hazards preparedness.
Washington D.C: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/mcm/h1n1retrospective/Documents/h1n1-retrospective.pdf.
KC [2018]. Kimberly Clark Letter to Customers (Appendix 1).
KC [2020]. Kimberly Clark representatives, email correspondence, February 25, 2020.
NIOSH [1997]. 42 CFR Part 84 respiratory protective devices. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/pt84abs2.html.
NIOSH [2017]. Workplace safety and health topics: healthcare workers. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/healthcare/default.html.
NIOSH [2018]. Standard respirator testing procedures. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/stps/apresp.html.
NIOSH [2019]. NIOSH conformity assessment notice: NIOSH CA 2019-1012, NIOSH respirator approval contents and
meaning. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/resources/pressrel/letters/conformitynotice/CA-2019-1012.html.
Patel A, D'Alessandro M, Ireland KJ, Burel WG, Wencil EB, Rasmussen SA [2017]. Personal protective equipment supply
chain: lessons learned from recent public health emergency responses. Health Security. 15 (3): 244-252
https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2016.0129.
17
�Rottach DR, Lei Z [2017] Stockpiled N95 filtering facepiece respirator polyisoprene strap performance. J Int Soc Respir Prot.
34 (2): 69-80 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6198819/.
18
�Appendix 1 [KC 2018]
19
�Appendix 2 [3M 2018], [3M 2020]
20
�21
�22
�23
�24
�
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/35cdef7cd26d09a7a8bf500c651f3dbf.pdf
1b1e8e2f937e65449f4456b4a8d90c4b
PDF Text
Text
PPE CASE
Personal Protective Equipment Conformity Assessment Studies and Evaluations
Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators, Facility Eight
of Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration
Efficiency Performance
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL)
Lee A. Greenawald, Susan M. Moore, Patrick L. Yorio
March 1, 2020
NIOSH found that 344 of 344
N95 filtering facepiece
respirators stockpiled at Facility
Eight that were 9-12 years old
maintained their inhalation and
exhalation resistance and
filtration performance in
accordance with NIOSH
performance standards.
In the event of a national emergency, eighteen million U.S. healthcare
workers may face high-consequence infectious disease exposures
[NIOSH 2017]. Personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gowns,
gloves, goggles, and respirators, is an important measure within the
infection prevention hierarchy of controls. During public health
emergencies, the sudden increase in PPE demand may exceed
supplies for upwards of three months while manufacturers increase
production [ASTHO 2013; Carias et al. 2015]; [Patel et al. 2017]. For
example, during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, local respirator shortages
were reported and, during the 2016 Ebola outbreak and the first U.S. fatality, there was a 10-200 fold increase in
PPE orders [DHHS 2012; NIOSH 2018]. To prepare for these shortages, large quantities of PPE are strategically
stockpiled at hospital, local, state, and federal facilities [NIOSH 1997].
Due to the decision to stockpile PPE, stockpile personnel and decision makers have sought to understand if
stockpiled PPE is still viable following long-term storage. NIOSH does not require approval holders (i.e. those
granted the approval from NIOSH) to designate a shelf life for particulate-only air-purifying respirators (APR),
although some choose to do so and may provide this information on product packaging or online. There is
limited published data to understand the viability of respirators that have undergone long-term storage with or
without a designated shelf life. Over the past decade, the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) and state and local
stockpile personnel asked NIOSH to evaluate the performance of stockpiled PPE as well as better understand
storage conditions in U.S. stockpile facilities that store PPE.
In 2017, NIOSH established a PPE Stockpile Partnership consisting of 1) federal entities and stockpiles; 2) state,
county, and city stockpiles; 3) hospital-related stockpile entities; and 4) a manufacturer trade association to
inform the design and execution of an empirical study to evaluate stockpiled APRs. NIOSH obtained samples of
PPE from geographically dispersed stockpiles with varying storage conditions.
This report details the inhalation/exhalation resistance and filtration performance of N95 filtering facepiece
APRs collected from Facility Eight of Ten. This facility is a regional stockpile facility.
�How NIOSH Evaluated Respirators and Storage Conditions
Description of Facility Eight
•
NIOSH researchers visited Facility Eight in November 2018 (Figure 1). This facility was located within the
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Region 8, representing Colorado, Montana, North
Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming.
Assessment of Storage Conditions
•
•
NIOSH, in conjunction with the PPE Partnership members, developed checklists to document site and
packaging (i.e. pallet, case, and box) conditions that may impact respirator performance.
NIOSH documented the following storage conditions: 1) the PPE packaging presence of dust, shrinkwrapping, chemicals, and moisture, 2) exposure to sunlight and direct light; 3) proximity to fans,
windows, doors, and ventilation systems; 4) damage to pallet and product packaging; and 5) location of
pallet on storage rack (e.g., top, bottom) and location of PPE product on pallet (e.g., top/not loadbearing, bottom/load-bearing).
Figure 1: NIOSH researchers documented storage practices at Facility Eight such as location and type of
lighting, pallet stacking practices, and conditions of the flooring, roofing, and exterior walls.
•
NIOSH collected facility temperature and percent relative humidity (%RH) data by placing one data
logger in the facility. This data was collected in 60-minute intervals from December 2018 to July 2019.
2
�Collection of Respirator Samples
•
•
•
Facility Eight’s inventory included APRs that are classified as N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs).
Samples were collected from five different manufacturing models 1: 1) 3M 1860; 3M 8000; Kimberly
Clark (KC) 46727; KC 46827; and Moldex 1512 (Table 1).
Upon reviewing the detailed APR inventories and storage location by lot within Facility Eight, two
different manufacturing lots for each model were identified and sampled within Facility Eight. Two lots
were sampled to evaluate and attempt to account for inter-lot variation. Only one lot for the KC 46727
and KC 46827 were available for sampling. Products were sampled and shipped to the NIOSH facility
overnight to reduce exposure to non-climate-controlled conditions.
Forty-three respirators were tested from each manufacturing lot for inhalation and exhalation
resistance (n=3) and filtration performance testing (n=40) 2.
Selection of Control Respirators
•
Control respirators of the same model as those sampled from the facility were purchased from the open
market to be used as a comparison between stockpiled and new respirators.
Characteristics of Sampled Respirators
•
Table 1 provides a summary of the respirator models sampled from Facility Eight.
Table 1. FFRs Sampled from Stockpile Facility Eight
Model
Lot #
Year of
Manufacture
Shelf Life on
Packaging?
3M 1860
3M 1860
3M 8000
3M 8000
KC 46727
KC 46827
Moldex 1512
Moldex 1512
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot A
Lot A
Lot B
2007
2007
2008
2008
2006
2006
2009
2009
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes-2018
Yes-2018
Respirator Age at
Time of Testing 3
11 years
10 years
12 years
9 years
Shelf Life
Status at Time
of Testing
Past 5-year shelf
life 4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Past 5-year shelf
life 5
Past 9-year shelf
life 6
Based on the other nine collaborating stockpiles’ inventories, these six models were sampled in order to compare
performance within common respirator models when stored under disparate conditions.
2
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance and a minimum of 20 must be tested for filtration efficiency [NIOSH 2018].
3
Testing was completed in 2018.
4
3M designated a five-year shelf life for these models [3M 2018]. As of February 2020, the 3M 1860 model still has a fiveyear shelf life; the 3M 8000 is no longer produced or sold by 3M.
5
KC designated a five-year shelf life for this model [KC 2018]. As of February 2020, this model still has a five-year shelf life.
6
Moldex designated a nine-year shelf life for these models [Moldex 2015]. As of February 2020, these models still have a
nine-year shelf life.
1
3
�Evaluation of Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance
•
•
•
Twenty-three control respirators were tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance. The KC 46827 and 46727 controls were manufactured in 2017, the Moldex 2201 controls
were manufactured in 2018, and the 3M 8000 controls were manufactured in 2006 7. NIOSH testing
requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and
exhalation resistance. The same three respirators can be used for both inhalation and exhalation
resistance testing [NIOSH 2018].
Inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration performance of the stockpiled and control respirators
were evaluated using the same Standard Test Procedures (STPs) NIOSH uses for approving respirators
under 42 Code of Federal Regulations Part 84, “Approval of Respiratory Protective Devices” [NIOSH
2018] (Table 2).
Table 2 describes the method for evaluating the inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance of sampled respirators and control respirators.
Table 2. NIOSH Tests Conducted to Evaluate Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance.
NIOSH Standard Test
Procedures (STPs)
STP 3: Exhalation Resistance
STP 7: Inhalation Resistance
STP 59: Particulate Filter
Efficiency for N95
Pass/Fail Criteria for APRs
<25 mm H 2 O column @ 85 liters
per minute (LPM)
<35 mm H 2 O column @ 85 LPM
<5.0% particulate penetration
(>95.0% filter efficiency)
Stockpiled Respirators
Tested Per
Manufacturing Lot
Control Respirators
Tested
38
38
38
38
40 9
20
3M 8000 is no longer manufactured thus NIOSH was not able to purchase new units to be used as controls.
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance. The same three respirators can be used for both inhalation and exhalation resistance testing.
9
An increased sample size was used for the stockpiled respirators as opposed to the control respirators to increase the
precision of the performance estimates investigated.
7
8
4
�What NIOSH Found Through Inspection, Testing, and Evaluation
Storage Conditions
•
Visual Inspections—Dust and damage to product packaging was limited or not observed at Facility Eight;
examples of the most amount of dust and product case damage are shown in Figures 2 and 3. Three
product boxes showed damage. Of the 387 respirators visually inspected, no concerns were noted.
Figure 2: Most amount of dust observed on product cases from Facility Eight.
Figure 3: Most amount of damage observed on product cases from Facility Eight.
•
Temperature was controlled by swamp coolers and heaters with minimum and maximum control on a
thermostat. No %RH controls or monitoring existed. No back-up generators existed in case of power
outage. Facility lights were off when not in use. No evidence of excess moisture or chemical spills that
persisted beyond immediate mitigation were observed. Pallets were generally shrink wrapped around
the four pallet sides and across the top; many products were not on pallets, but the product cases were
shrink wrapped. Other products were not on pallets nor shrink wrapped. Generally, some pallets were
separated by rack, and others were stacked two high causing some weight/load applied to a single
pallet.
5
�•
10
Percent RH (Figure 4) and Temperature (Figure 5)
o At the time of publication, the recommended storage requirements for %RH and temperature
are
KC 46727 and 46827: remain under 60 %RH; remain within 68°F to 77°F [KC 2020]
Moldex 1512: no specific %RH recommendations; remain within 14°F and 122°F [Moldex
2019]
3M 1860: remain under 80 %RH; remain within -4°F to 86°F [3M 2017]
3M 8000 10: remain under 80 %RH; remain within -4°F to 86°F [3M 2017]
o The average temperature between the 2018-2019 time period was 68.15°F. The average %RH
between 2018-2019 was 72.8%; these averages are within KC, Moldex, and 3M’s recommended
temperature and %RH storage conditions.
o For the KC models, 63.8% of data points were below 68°F and 7.9% were above 77°F. For the 3M
models, 0.02% of temperature data points deviated from recommended conditions. No
temperature data points deviated from Moldex’s recommended conditions. For %RH, 2.9% of
data points deviated for the KC models, where no data points deviated from 3M’s or Moldex’s
recommended storage conditions.
This model is no longer produced and sold by 3M.
6
�Figure 4: Percent Relative Humidity (% RH) from December 2018 – July 2019 for one data logger stored at
Facility Eight. Data is plotted as a 20-point moving average for visualization purposes. Maximum and minimum
temperatures reported are noted for each data logger.
7
�Figure 5: Temperatures from December 2018 – July 2019 for one data logger stored at Facility Eight. Data is
plotted as a 20-point moving average for visualization purposes. Maximum and minimum temperatures
reported are noted for each data logger.
8
�Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the inhalation and exhalation resistance for a total of 24 stockpiled and 15 control
respirators. All stockpiled and control respirators from each model passed these tests (Figure 6).
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there were no statistically significant differences (defined as
α<0.05) between the FFR controls and FFR stockpiled respirators for inhalation and exhalation
resistance when averaging across models.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the following statistically significant differences were found
with respect to inhalation and exhalation resistance: 1) KC 46727 stockpiled 2006 Lot A was higher; and
2) KC 46827 stockpiled 2006 Lot A was lower.
For inhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (14.99 mm
H 2 O) was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (35 mm H 2 O allowable maximum). For
exhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (14.48 mm H 2 O)
was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (25 mm H 2 O allowable maximum).
9
�Figure 6: Control and stockpiled respirator inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance data. N95 FFRs must have
an inhalation resistance less than 35 mmH 2 O and an exhalation resistance less than 25 mmH 2 O. The pass/fail
threshold for inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance is shown by the red line. Error bars represent the 99%
confidence interval and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any
repeated samples tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
10
�Filtration Performance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the particulate penetration efficiency for 320 stockpiled respirators and 100 controls
(Figure 7).
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there was no statistically significant difference (defined as
α<0.05) between the 3M and Moldex controls and the stockpiled respirators when averaging across
models. There was a statistically significant difference between the KC controls (mean penetration=2.16,
SD=1.04) and the KC stockpiled respirators (mean penetration=1.80, SD=0.54), p=0.01.
When comparing the particle penetration for stockpiled respirator models to their respective controls
through an ANOVA with adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the following statistically significant
differences were detected: 1) both 3M 1860 stockpiled 2007 lots A and B were higher; 2) both 3M 8000
stockpiled 2006 lots A and B were lower; and 3) KC 46727 stockpiled 2006 Lot A was lower.
None of the individual stockpiled respirators tested exceeded the 5.0% maximum. The highest
penetration for an individual stockpiled respirator was 3.96% and the highest penetration for an
individual control respirator was 4.93%.
Figure 7: Control and stockpiled respirator particle filtration performance data. N95 FFRs must have a particle
penetration of less than 5.0%. Error bars represent the 99% confidence interval and estimate the population
parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested and evaluated from this
lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
11
�CASE Findings
Findings for the KC 46727 and 46827 Models:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. These
models currently have a five-year recommended shelf life; Appendix 1 shows a KC letter to end users with shelf
life information, which states respirators past their shelf life should be discarded [KC 2018]. Thus, these
respirators tested are past their recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to KC units from Facility Eight
and may not be applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Findings for the 3M 1860 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. This model
currently has a five-year recommended shelf life; Appendix 2 shows two 3M letters to end users with shelf life
and recommended storage condition information [3M 2018, 3M 2020]. Thus, all respirators tested are past their
recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to 3M units from Facility Eight and may not be applicable to
other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Findings for the 3M 8000 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. This model
Is no longer produced and sold by 3M. Appendix 2 shows two 3M letters to end users with shelf life and
recommended storage condition information [3M 2018, 3M 2020]. Thus, all respirators tested are past their
recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to 3M units from Facility Eight and may not be applicable to
other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Findings for the Moldex 1512 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. This model
currently has a nine-year recommended shelf life; Appendix 3 shows a Moldex memo to customers and
distributors with shelf life and recommended storage condition information [Moldex 2015]. Thus, all respirators
tested are past their recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to Moldex units from Facility Eight and may
not be applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Stockpile Storage Conditions:
For the KC models, 71.7% of temperature data points deviated from the previously described recommended
storage conditions. For the 3M models, 0.02% of temperature data points deviated from the previously
described recommended conditions. No temperature data points deviated from Moldex‘s recommended
conditions. For %RH, 2.9% of data points deviated for the KC models, where no data points deviated from 3M’s
or Moldex’s recommended storage conditions. Stored under these conditions, NIOSH found that 384 N95 FFRs
evaluated in this study, which were 9-12 years old, maintained their inhalation and exhalation resistance and
12
�filtration performance (i.e. all sampled respirators were below the NIOSH maximum limit as defined by 42 CFR
Part 84).
NIOSH regulation sets the minimum quality and performance requirements for the approval of respirators
[NIOSH 1997]. NIOSH does not have requirements for shelf life or storage conditions for particulate-only APRs.
The approval holder 11 (i.e. the entity that is granted the approval from NIOSH) is responsible for understanding
how their products’ design or performance may be affected by various use or storage conditions and must
provide instruction for establishing the proper use, storage, and maintenance procedures for their approved
products, which may include designating a shelf life [NIOSH 2019]. FFR or particulate filter packaging (such as
the box) often includes NIOSH-approved user instructions, label information, and recommendations on shelf life.
Additionally, some approval holders also disseminate recommendations related to storage and shelf life through
resources such as user and web notices. The respirators tested in this study were generally not designed for
long-term storage.
At this time, we do not have enough information to definitively know the level of protection that may be
provided by respirators that 1) are stored for prolonged periods of times; 2) are stored under various storage
conditions; or 3) have exceeded the approval holder’s designated shelf life. Users of respirators that have
exceeded the designated shelf life should be forewarned to avoid a false sense of confidence; these devices may
not provide the same level of protection as those that have not exceeded the designated shelf life. We
recommend contacting the approval holder(s) of the respirators in the stockpile with specific questions
regarding the use of product beyond the designated shelf life.
NIOSH recommends users contact 3M regarding use of 3M model 8000 respirators.
11
An approval may be granted to a non-manufacturing entity.
13
�What Can Stockpile Personnel Do to Learn More about the
Respirators in their Stockpile?
•
•
•
Stockpile personnel should check the product information from the approval holder as well as the
NIOSH Certified Equipment List to remain up-to-date on product storage conditions, shelf-life
information, and NIOSH approval status. Check NIOSH’s Certified Equipment List to verify the respirator
model currently maintains its NIOSH approval at
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/cel/default.html
Stockpile personnel should work with the approval holder(s) of the stockpiled products with specific
questions regarding the use of expired product.
Sign up for NPPTL’s Listserv at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/sub-NPPTL.html to receive email
notifications relevant to PPE.
For more information related to personal protective equipment, visit the NIOSH NPPTL website
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/
Get More Information
Find NIOSH products and get answers to workplace safety and health questions:
1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) | TTY: 1-888-232-6348
CDC/NIOSH INFO: cdc.gov/info | cdc.gov/niosh
Monthly NIOSH eNews: cdc.gov/niosh/eNews
All photos courtesy of NIOSH NPPTL.
Disclaimer
The recommendations in this report are made based on the findings at the stockpile evaluated and may not be
applicable to other stockpile facilities.
Mention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH). In addition, citations to websites external to NIOSH do not constitute NIOSH endorsement of the sponsoring organizations or
their programs or products. Furthermore, NIOSH is not responsible for the content of these websites. All web addresses referenced in
this document were accessible as of the publication date.
14
�Suggested Citation
NIOSH PPE CASE: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators:
Facility Eight of Ten. By Greenawald, L., Moore, S., and Yorio, P. Pittsburgh, PA U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
References
3M [2017]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Filtering Facepiece/Disposable Respirator Storage Conditions and Shelf Life. St.
Paul, MN. https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1015853O/faq-3m-filtering-facepiece-disposable-respirator-storageconditions-and-shelf-life.pdf [accessed February 27, 2020].
3M [2018]. 3M Personal Safety Division Letter. St. Paul, MN: The 3M Company.
https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1430383O/3m-filtering-facepiece-shelf-life-letter.pdf.
3M [2020]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Health Care Particulate Respirator and Surgical Masks Storage Conditions and
Shelf Life. St. Paul, MN. http://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/869238O/3m-health-care-particulate-respirator-andsurgical-masks-storage-conditions-and-shelf-life-faq.pdf
ASTHO [2013]. Federal Emergency Preparedness Directives and Systems- Emergency Authority and Immunity Toolkit.
Arlington, VA: Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. http://www.astho.org/Programs/Preparedness/PublicHealth-Emergency-Law/Emergency-Authority-and-Immunity-Toolkit/Federal-Emergency-Preparedness-Directives-andSystems-Fact-Sheet/.
Carias C, Rainisch G, Shankar M, Adhikari BB, Swerdlow DL, Bower WA, Piliai SK, Meltzer MI, Koonin LM [2015]. Potential
demand for respirators and surgical masks during a hypothetical influenza pandemic in the United States. Clinical Infectious
Diseases 60 (1): S42-S51 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/civ141.
DHHS [2012]. An HHS retrospective on the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic to advance all hazards preparedness.
Washington D.C: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/mcm/h1n1retrospective/Documents/h1n1-retrospective.pdf.
KC [2018]. Kimberly Clark Letter to Customers (Appendix 1).
KC [2020]. Kimberly Clark representatives, email correspondence, February 25, 2020.
Moldex [2015] Moldex Memo to Customers and Distributors (Appendix 3).
Moldex [2019]. Moldex Customer Service Representative, email correspondence, October 31, 2019.
NIOSH [1997]. 42 CFR Part 84 respiratory protective devices. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/pt84abs2.html.
NIOSH [2017]. Workplace safety and health topics: healthcare workers. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/healthcare/default.html.
NIOSH [2018]. Standard respirator testing procedures. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/stps/apresp.html.
NIOSH [2019]. NIOSH conformity assessment notice: NIOSH CA 2019-1012, NIOSH respirator approval contents and
meaning. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/resources/pressrel/letters/conformitynotice/CA-2019-1012.html.
15
�Patel A, D'Alessandro M, Ireland KJ, Burel WG, Wencil EB, Rasmussen SA [2017]. Personal protective equipment supply
chain: lessons learned from recent public health emergency responses. Health Security. 15 (3): 244-252
https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2016.0129.
Rottach DR, Lei Z [2017] Stockpiled N95 filtering facepiece respirator polyisoprene strap performance. J Int Soc Respir Prot.
34 (2): 69-80 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6198819/.
16
�Appendix 1 [KC 2018]
17
�Appendix 2 [3M 2018], [3M 2020]
18
�19
�20
�21
�22
�Appendix 3 [Moldex 2015]
23
�
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/d2b5412869f27224aefa99179c381434.pdf
000318276a932d81cc1c5c13badaad36
PDF Text
Text
PPE CASE
Personal Protective Equipment Conformity Assessment Studies and Evaluations
Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators, Facility Nine
of Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration
Efficiency Performance
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL)
Lee A. Greenawald, Susan M. Moore, Patrick L. Yorio
March 1, 2020
NIOSH found that 172 of 172
N95 filtering facepiece
respirators stockpiled at Facility
Nine that were 15 years old
maintained their inhalation and
exhalation resistance and
filtration performance in
accordance with NIOSH
performance standards.
In the event of a national emergency, eighteen million U.S. healthcare
workers may face high-consequence infectious disease exposures
[NIOSH 2017]. Personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gowns,
gloves, goggles, and respirators, is an important measure within the
infection prevention hierarchy of controls. During public health
emergencies, the sudden increase in PPE demand may exceed
supplies for upwards of three months while manufacturers increase
production [ASTHO 2013; Carias et al. 2015]; [Patel et al. 2017]. For
example, during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, local respirator shortages
were reported and, during the 2016 Ebola outbreak and the first U.S. fatality, there was a 10-200 fold increase in
PPE orders [DHHS 2012; NIOSH 2018]. To prepare for these shortages, large quantities of PPE are strategically
stockpiled at hospital, local, state, and federal facilities [NIOSH 1997].
Due to the decision to stockpile PPE, stockpile personnel and decision makers have sought to understand if
stockpiled PPE is still viable following long-term storage. NIOSH does not require approval holders (i.e. those
granted the approval from NIOSH) to designate a shelf life for particulate-only air-purifying respirators (APR),
although some choose to do so and may provide this information on product packaging or online. There is
limited published data to understand the viability of respirators that have undergone long-term storage with or
without a designated shelf life. Over the past decade, the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) and state and local
stockpile personnel asked NIOSH to evaluate the performance of stockpiled PPE as well as better understand
storage conditions in U.S. stockpile facilities that store PPE.
In 2017, NIOSH established a PPE Stockpile Partnership consisting of 1) federal entities and stockpiles; 2) state,
county, and city stockpiles; 3) hospital-related stockpile entities; and 4) a manufacturer trade association to
inform the design and execution of an empirical study to evaluate stockpiled APRs. NIOSH obtained samples of
PPE from geographically dispersed stockpiles with varying storage conditions.
This report details the inhalation/exhalation resistance and filtration performance of N95 filtering facepiece
APRs collected from Facility Nine of Ten. This facility is a regional stockpile facility.
�How NIOSH Evaluated Respirators and Storage Conditions
Description of Facility Nine
•
NIOSH researchers visited Facility Nine in November 2018 (Figure 1). This facility was located within the
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Region 8, representing Colorado, Montana, North
Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming.
Assessment of Storage Conditions
•
•
•
Respirators were stored in a trailer for at least seven years and were recently moved into a building
basement (approximately in October 2018, one month prior to product sampling).
NIOSH, in conjunction with the PPE Partnership members, developed checklists to document site and
packaging (i.e. pallet, case, and box) conditions that may impact respirator performance.
NIOSH documented the following storage conditions: 1) the PPE packaging presence of dust, shrinkwrapping, chemicals, and moisture, 2) exposure to sunlight and direct light; 3) proximity to fans,
windows, doors, and ventilation systems; 4) damage to pallet and product packaging; and 5) location of
pallet on storage rack (e.g., top, bottom) and location of PPE product on pallet (e.g., top/not loadbearing, bottom/load-bearing).
Figure 1: NIOSH researchers documented storage practices at Facility Nine such as location and type of
lighting, pallet stacking practices, and conditions of the flooring, roofing, and exterior walls.
•
NIOSH collected facility temperature and percent relative humidity (%RH) data by placing one data
logger in the trailer. This data was collected in 60-minute intervals from November 2018 to August 2019.
Collection of Respirator Samples
•
Facility Nine’s inventory included APRs that are classified as N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs).
Samples were collected from two different manufacturing models 1: 1) Kimberly Clark (KC) 46727 and 2)
KC 46827 (Table 1).
Based on the other nine collaborating stockpiles’ inventories, these six models were sampled in order to compare
performance within common respirator models when stored under disparate conditions.
1
2
�•
•
•
Upon reviewing the detailed APR inventories and storage location by lot within Facility Nine, two
different manufacturing lots for each model were identified and sampled within Facility Nine. Two lots
were sampled to evaluate and attempt to account for inter-lot variation. Products were sampled and
shipped to the NIOSH facility overnight to reduce exposure to non-climate-controlled conditions.
Forty-three respirators were tested from each manufacturing lot for inhalation and exhalation
resistance (n=3) and filtration performance testing (n=40) 2.
Control respirators were purchased from the open market to be used as a comparison between
stockpiled and new respirators.
Table 1. FFRs Sampled from Stockpile Facility Nine
Model
Lot #
Year of
Manufacture
Shelf Life on
Packaging?
KC 46727
KC 46727
KC 46827
KC 46827
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
2003
2003
2003
2003
No
No
No
No
Respirator Age at
Time of Testing 3
15 years
15 years
Shelf Life
Status at Time
of Testing
Past 5-year shelf
life 4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
Evaluation of Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance
•
•
•
Twenty-three control respirators were tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance. The KC 46827 and 46727 controls were manufactured in 2017. NIOSH testing
requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and
exhalation resistance. The same three respirators can be used for both inhalation and exhalation
resistance testing [NIOSH 2018].
Inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration performance of the stockpiled and control respirators
were evaluated using the same Standard Test Procedures (STPs) NIOSH uses for approving respirators
under 42 Code of Federal Regulations Part 84, “Approval of Respiratory Protective Devices” [NIOSH
2018] (Table 2).
Table 2 describes the method for evaluating the inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance of sampled respirators and control respirators.
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance and a minimum of 20 must be tested for filtration efficiency [NIOSH 2018].
3
Testing was completed in 2018.
4
KC designated a five-year shelf life for this model [KC 2018]. As of February 2020, this model still has a five-year shelf life.
2
3
�Table 2. NIOSH Tests Conducted to Evaluate Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance.
NIOSH Standard Test
Procedures (STPs)
STP 3: Exhalation Resistance
STP 7: Inhalation Resistance
STP 59: Particulate Filter
Efficiency for N95
Pass/Fail Criteria for APRs
<25 mm H 2 O column @ 85 liters
per minute (LPM)
<35 mm H 2 O column @ 85 LPM
<5.0% particulate penetration
(>95.0% filter efficiency)
Stockpiled Respirators
Tested Per
Manufacturing Lot
Control Respirators
Tested
35
35
35
35
40 6
20
What NIOSH Found Through Inspection, Testing, and Evaluation
Storage Conditions
•
A
Visual Inspections—Dust and damage to product packaging was observed at Facility Nine. Many product
cases and boxes were opened. Twelve product boxes showed damage due to crushing, mold, and/or
dust. Examples of damage observed on product boxes are shown in Figures 2A and B. Of the 172
respirators visually inspected, 43 concerns were noted. An example of damage observed to the
respirator is shown in Figure 3.
B
Figure 3: Most amount of damage observed on (A) and in (B) product boxes from Facility Nine.
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance. The same three respirators can be used for both inhalation and exhalation resistance testing.
6
An increased sample size was used for the stockpiled respirators as opposed to the control respirators to increase the
precision of the performance estimates investigated.
5
4
�Figure 3: Most amount of damage observed to respirators from Facility Nine.
•
•
Temperature and %RH were not controlled or monitored. Lights were off when not in use. No evidence
of excess moisture or chemical spills that persisted beyond immediate mitigation were observed. Dust
was limited. No air circulation existed. Trailer was always kept outside in direct sunlight. Products were
not shrink-wrapped.
Percent RH (Figure 4) and Temperature (Figure 5)
o At the time of publication, the KC recommended storage requirements for %RH and
temperature are to remain under 60 %RH and to remain within 68°F to 77°F [KC 2020].
o The average temperature between the 2018-2019 time period was 52.3°F. The average %RH
between 2018-2019 was 34.2%; this average temperature deviates from KC’s recommended
temperature storage condition but is within the recommended %RH storage condition.
o 72.9% of temperature data points were below 68°F and 16.6% were above 77°F. For %RH, no
data points deviated from KC’s recommended conditions.
5
�Figure 4: Percent Relative Humidity (% RH) from November 2018 – August 2019 for one data logger stored at
Facility Nine. Data is plotted as a 20-point moving average for visualization purposes. Maximum and minimum
temperatures reported are noted for each data logger.
Figure 5: Temperatures from November 2018 – August 2019 for one data logger stored at Facility Nine. Data is
plotted as a 20-point moving average for visualization purposes. Maximum and minimum temperatures
reported are noted for each data logger.
6
�Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the inhalation and exhalation resistance for a total of 12 stockpiled and 6 control
respirators. All stockpiled and control respirators from each model passed these tests (Figure 6).
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there were no statistically significant differences (defined as
α<0.05) between the FFR controls and FFR stockpiled respirators for inhalation and exhalation
resistance when averaging across models.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the following statistically significant differences were found
with respect to inhalation and exhalation resistance: 1) both of the KC 46727 stockpiled 2003 Lots A and
B were lower; 2) KC 46827 stockpiled 2003 Lot A was lower; and 3) KC 46827 stockpiled 2003 Lot B was
higher.
For inhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (17.27 mm
H 2 O) was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (35 mm H 2 O allowable maximum). For
exhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (16.00 mm H 2 O)
was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (25 mm H 2 O allowable maximum).
7
�Figure 6: Control and stockpiled respirator inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance data. N95 FFRs must have
an inhalation resistance less than 35 mmH 2 O and an exhalation resistance less than 25 mmH 2 O. The pass/fail
threshold for inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance is shown by the red line. Error bars represent the 99%
confidence interval and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any
repeated samples tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
8
�Filtration Performance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the particulate penetration efficiency for 160 stockpiled respirators and 40 controls
(Figure 7).
None of the individual stockpiled respirators tested exceeded the 5.0% maximum. The highest
penetration for an individual stockpiled respirator was 2.92% and the highest penetration for an
individual control respirator was 4.93%.
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there was no statistically significant difference (defined as
α<0.05) between the FFR controls and the FFR stockpiled respirators when averaging across models.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the following statistically significant differences were
detected: 1) both of the KC 46727 stockpiled 2003 Lots A and B had a lower penetration; and 2) KC
46827 stockpiled 2003 Lot B had a higher penetration.
Figure 7: Control and stockpiled respirator particle filtration performance data. N95 FFRs must have a particle
penetration of less than 5.0%. Error bars represent the 99% confidence interval and estimate the population
parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested and evaluated from this
lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
9
�CASE Findings
Findings for the KC 46727 and 46827 Models:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. These
models currently have a five-year recommended shelf life; Appendix 1 shows a KC letter to end users with shelf
life information, which states respirators past their shelf life should be discarded [KC 2018]. Thus, these
respirators tested are past their recommended shelf life. These findings are based on units evaluated from
Facility Nine and may not be applicable at other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage
conditions.
Stockpile Storage Conditions:
For the KC models, 89.5% of temperature data points deviated from the previously described recommended
storage conditions. For %RH, no data points deviated from the previously described recommended conditions.
Stored under these conditions, NIOSH found that 172 N95 FFRs evaluated in this study, which were 15 years old,
maintained their inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration performance (i.e. all sampled respirators
were below the NIOSH maximum limit as defined by 42 CFR Part 84).
NIOSH regulation sets the minimum quality and performance requirements for the approval of respirators
[NIOSH 1997]. NIOSH does not have requirements for shelf life or storage conditions for particulate-only APRs.
The approval holder 7 (i.e. the entity that is granted the approval from NIOSH) is responsible for understanding
how their products’ design or performance may be affected by various use or storage conditions and must
provide instruction for establishing the proper use, storage, and maintenance procedures for their approved
products, which may include designating a shelf life [NIOSH 2019]. FFR or particulate filter packaging (such as
the box) often includes NIOSH-approved user instructions, label information, and recommendations on shelf life.
Additionally, some approval holders also disseminate recommendations related to storage and shelf life through
resources such as user and web notices. The respirators tested in this study were generally not designed for
long-term storage.
At this time, we do not have enough information to definitively know the level of protection that may be
provided by respirators that 1) are stored for prolonged periods of times; 2) are stored under various storage
conditions; or 3) have exceeded the approval holder’s designated shelf life. Users of respirators that have
exceeded the designated shelf life should be forewarned to avoid a false sense of confidence; these devices may
not provide the same level of protection as those that have not exceeded the designated shelf life. We
recommend contacting the approval holder(s) of the respirators in the stockpile with specific questions
regarding the use of product beyond the designated shelf life.
7
An approval may be granted to a non-manufacturing entity.
10
�How Can You Learn More About the Respirators in Your Stockpile?
•
•
•
Stockpile personnel should check the product information from the approval holder as well as the
NIOSH Certified Equipment List to remain up-to-date on product storage conditions, shelf-life
information, and NIOSH approval status. Check NIOSH’s Certified Equipment List to verify the respirator
model currently maintains its NIOSH approval at
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/cel/default.html
Stockpile personnel should work with the approval holder(s) of the stockpiled products with specific
questions regarding the use of expired product.
Sign up for NPPTL’s Listserv at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/sub-NPPTL.html to receive email
notifications relevant to PPE.
For more information related to personal protective equipment, visit the NIOSH NPPTL website
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/
Get More Information
Find NIOSH products and get answers to workplace safety and health questions:
1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) | TTY: 1-888-232-6348
CDC/NIOSH INFO: cdc.gov/info | cdc.gov/niosh
Monthly NIOSH eNews: cdc.gov/niosh/eNews
All photos courtesy of NIOSH NPPTL.
Disclaimer
The recommendations in this report are made based on the findings at the stockpile evaluated and may not be
applicable to other stockpile facilities.
Mention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH). In addition, citations to websites external to NIOSH do not constitute NIOSH endorsement of the sponsoring organizations or
their programs or products. Furthermore, NIOSH is not responsible for the content of these websites. All web addresses referenced in
this document were accessible as of the publication date.
11
�Suggested Citation
NIOSH PPE CASE: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators:
Facility Nine of Ten. By Greenawald, L., Moore, S., and Yorio, P. Pittsburgh, PA U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
References
ASTHO [2013]. Federal Emergency Preparedness Directives and Systems- Emergency Authority and Immunity Toolkit.
Arlington, VA: Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. http://www.astho.org/Programs/Preparedness/PublicHealth-Emergency-Law/Emergency-Authority-and-Immunity-Toolkit/Federal-Emergency-Preparedness-Directives-andSystems-Fact-Sheet/.
Carias C, Rainisch G, Shankar M, Adhikari BB, Swerdlow DL, Bower WA, Piliai SK, Meltzer MI, Koonin LM [2015]. Potential
demand for respirators and surgical masks during a hypothetical influenza pandemic in the United States. Clinical Infectious
Diseases 60 (1): S42-S51 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/civ141.
DHHS [2012]. An HHS retrospective on the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic to advance all hazards preparedness.
Washington D.C: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/mcm/h1n1retrospective/Documents/h1n1-retrospective.pdf.
KC [2018]. Kimberly Clark Letter to Customers (Appendix 1).
KC [2020]. Kimberly Clark representatives, email correspondence, February 25, 2020.
NIOSH [1997]. 42 CFR Part 84 respiratory protective devices. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/pt84abs2.html.
NIOSH [2017]. Workplace safety and health topics: healthcare workers. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/healthcare/default.html.
NIOSH [2018]. Standard respirator testing procedures. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/stps/apresp.html.
NIOSH [2019]. NIOSH conformity assessment notice: NIOSH CA 2019-1012, NIOSH respirator approval contents and
meaning. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/resources/pressrel/letters/conformitynotice/CA-2019-1012.html.
Patel A, D'Alessandro M, Ireland KJ, Burel WG, Wencil EB, Rasmussen SA [2017]. Personal protective equipment supply
chain: lessons learned from recent public health emergency responses. Health Security. 15 (3): 244-252
https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2016.0129.
Rottach DR, Lei Z [2017] Stockpiled N95 filtering facepiece respirator polyisoprene strap performance. J Int Soc Respir Prot.
34 (2): 69-80 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6198819/.
12
�Appendix 1 [KC 2018]
13
�
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/6ef764709c5acc22256113aa57ea7a66.pdf
f614d28f957af025e796d6ccd621983c
PDF Text
Text
PPE CASE
Personal Protective Equipment Conformity Assessment Studies and Evaluations
Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators, Facility Ten of
Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Efficiency
Performance
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory (NPPTL)
Lee A. Greenawald, Susan M. Moore, Patrick L. Yorio
March 1, 2020
NIOSH found that 430 of 430
N95 filtering facepiece
respirators stockpiled at Facility
Ten that were 12-13 years old
maintained their inhalation and
exhalation resistance and
filtration performance in
accordance with NIOSH
performance standards.
In the event of a national emergency, eighteen million U.S. healthcare
workers may face high-consequence infectious disease exposures
[NIOSH 2017]. Personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gowns,
gloves, goggles, and respirators, is an important measure within the
infection prevention hierarchy of controls. During public health
emergencies, the sudden increase in PPE demand may exceed
supplies for upwards of three months while manufacturers increase
production [ASTHO 2013; Carias et al. 2015]; [Patel et al. 2017]. For
example, during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, local respirator shortages
were reported and, during the 2016 Ebola outbreak and the first U.S. fatality, there was a 10-200 fold increase in
PPE orders [DHHS 2012; NIOSH 2018]. To prepare for these shortages, large quantities of PPE are strategically
stockpiled at hospital, local, state, and federal facilities [NIOSH 1997].
Due to the decision to stockpile PPE, stockpile personnel and decision makers have sought to understand if
stockpiled PPE is still viable following long-term storage. NIOSH does not require approval holders (i.e. those
granted the approval from NIOSH) to designate a shelf life for particulate-only air-purifying respirators (APR),
although some choose to do so and may provide this information on product packaging or online. There is
limited published data to understand the viability of respirators that have undergone long-term storage with or
without a designated shelf life. Over the past decade, the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) and state and local
stockpile personnel asked NIOSH to evaluate the performance of stockpiled PPE as well as better understand
storage conditions in U.S. stockpile facilities that store PPE.
In 2017, NIOSH established a PPE Stockpile Partnership consisting of 1) federal entities and stockpiles; 2) state,
county, and city stockpiles; 3) hospital-related stockpile entities; and 4) a manufacturer trade association to
inform the design and execution of an empirical study to evaluate stockpiled APRs. NIOSH obtained samples of
PPE from geographically dispersed stockpiles with varying storage conditions.
This report details the inhalation/exhalation resistance and filtration performance of N95 filtering facepiece
APRs collected from Facility Ten of Ten. This facility is a federal stockpile facility.
�How NIOSH Evaluated Respirators and Storage Conditions
Description of Facility Ten
•
NIOSH researchers visited Facility Ten in January 2019 (Figure 1). This facility was located within the U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services Region 6, representing Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico,
Oklahoma, and Texas.
Assessment of Storage Conditions
•
•
NIOSH, in conjunction with the PPE Partnership members, developed checklists to document site and
packaging (i.e. pallet, case, and box) conditions that may impact respirator performance.
NIOSH documented the following storage conditions: 1) the PPE packaging presence of dust, shrinkwrapping, chemicals, and moisture, 2) exposure to sunlight and direct light; 3) proximity to fans,
windows, doors, and ventilation systems; 4) damage to pallet and product packaging; and 5) location of
pallet on storage rack (e.g., top, bottom) and location of PPE product on pallet (e.g., top/not loadbearing, bottom/load-bearing).
Figure 1: NIOSH researchers documented storage practices at Facility Ten such as location and type of
lighting, pallet stacking practices, and conditions of the flooring, roofing, and exterior walls.
•
NIOSH reviewed facility temperature and percent relative humidity (%RH) data provided by Facility Ten
stockpile personnel. This data was collected from January 2014 to February 2019.
2
�Collection of Respirator Samples
•
•
•
Facility Ten’s inventory included APRs that are classified as N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs).
Samples were collected from five different manufacturing models 1: 1) 3M 1860; Kimberly Clark (KC)
46827; 3M 8000; 3M 8210; and Gerson 1730 (Table 1).
Upon reviewing the detailed APR inventories and storage location by lot within Facility Ten, two
different manufacturing lots for each model were identified and sampled within Facility Ten. Two lots
were sampled to evaluate and attempt to account for inter-lot variation. Products were sampled and
shipped to the NIOSH facility overnight to reduce exposure to non-climate-controlled conditions.
Forty-three respirators were tested from each manufacturing lot for inhalation and exhalation
resistance (n=3) and filtration performance testing (n=40) 2.
Selection of Control Respirators
•
Control respirators of the same model as those sampled from the facility were purchased from the open
market to be used as a comparison between stockpiled and new respirators.
Characteristics of Sampled Respirators
•
Table 1 provides a summary of the respirator models sampled from Facility Ten.
Table 1. FFRs Sampled from Stockpile Facility Ten
Model
Lot #
Year of
Manufacture
Shelf Life on
Packaging?
3M 1860
3M 1860
3M 8000
3M 8000
3M 8210
3M 8210
KC 46827
KC 46827
Gerson 1730
Gerson 1730
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
Lot A
Lot B
2006
2006
2006
2006
N/A 5
N/A5
2006
2007
2006
2006
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Respirator Age at
Time of Testing 3
13 years
13 years
N/A
N/A
12-13 years
13 years
Shelf Life
Status at Time
of Testing
Past 5-year shelf
life 4
Past 5-year shelf
life4
N/A
N/A
Past 5-year shelf
life 6
No shelf life
designated
Based on the other nine collaborating stockpiles’ inventories, these six models were sampled in order to compare
performance within common respirator models when stored under disparate conditions.
2
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance and a minimum of 20 must be tested for filtration efficiency [NIOSH 2018].
3
Testing was completed in 2019.
4
3M designated a five-year shelf life for these models [3M 2018]. As of February 2020, the 3M 1860 still has a five-year
shelf life. The 3M 8000 is no longer produced or sold by 3M.
5
3M was consulted and could not determine the manufacturing date for this lot; it is estimated to be ~2006 based on the
other APR inventory.
6
KC designated a five-year shelf life for this model [KC 2018]. As of February 2020, this model still has a five-year shelf life.
1
3
�•
•
•
Twenty-three control respirators were tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance. The 3M 1860 controls were manufactured in 2016, the 3M 8000 controls were
manufactured in 2006 7, the KC 46827 controls were manufactured in 2017, and the Gerson 1730
controls were manufactured in 2017. NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three
respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation resistance. The same three respirators can
be used for both inhalation and exhalation resistance testing [NIOSH 2018].
Inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration performance of the stockpiled and control respirators
were evaluated using the same Standard Test Procedures (STPs) NIOSH uses for approving respirators
under 42 Code of Federal Regulations Part 84, “Approval of Respiratory Protective Devices” [NIOSH
2018] (Table 2).
Table 2 describes the method for evaluating the inhalation and exhalation resistance and filtration
performance of sampled respirators and control respirators.
Table 2. NIOSH Tests Conducted to Evaluate Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance.
NIOSH Standard Test
Procedures (STPs)
STP 3: Exhalation Resistance
STP 7: Inhalation Resistance
STP 59: Particulate Filter
Efficiency for N95
Pass/Fail Criteria for APRs
<25 mm H 2 O column @ 85 liters
per minute (LPM)
<35 mm H 2 O column @ 85 LPM
<5.0% particulate penetration
(>95.0% filter efficiency)
Stockpiled Respirators
Tested Per
Manufacturing Lot
Control Respirators
Tested
38
38
38
38
40 9
20
What NIOSH Found Through Inspection, Testing, and Evaluation
Storage Conditions
•
Visual Inspections—Dust and damage to product packaging was limited or not observed at Facility Ten;
an example of the most amount of product case damage is shown in Figure 2. Four product boxes
showed damage. Of the 430 respirators visually inspected, no concerns were noted.
3M 8000 is no longer produced or sold by 3M.
NIOSH testing requirements state that a minimum of three respirator units must be tested for inhalation and exhalation
resistance. The same three respirators can be used for both inhalation and exhalation resistance testing.
9
An increased sample size was used for the stockpiled respirators as opposed to the control respirators to increase the
precision of the performance estimates investigated.
7
8
4
�Figure 2: Most amount of damage observed on product cases from Facility Ten.
•
•
Temperature in the facility was controlled; temperature and %RH were monitored. Temperature was
monitored in 24 locations around the facility, with four temperature probes per location (for a total of
96 temperature probes). Percent relative humidity was monitored in one location. Fans were activated if
the temperature reached a set point. Stockpile personnel were automatically alerted if the temperature
or %RH were close to going out of range. Facility lights had motion sensor capabilities and were on for
10 minutes each time they were activated. Windows were covered with installation. No evidence of
excess moisture or chemical spills that persisted beyond immediate mitigation were observed. Pallets
were generally shrink wrapped around the four pallet sides and across the top. Generally, all pallets
were separated by a metal rack to reduce weight/load applied to a single pallet.
Percent RH (Figure 3) and Temperature (Figure 4)
o At the time of publication, the recommended storage requirements for %RH and temperature
are
3M 1860: remain under 80 %RH; remain within -4°F to 86°F [3M 2017]
3M 80007: remain under 80 %RH; remain within -4°F to 86°F [3M 2017]
KC 46827: remain under 60 %RH; remain within 68°F to 77°F [KC 2020]
Gerson 1730: remain under 80 %RH; remain within -4°F to 95°F [Gerson 2019]
o Facility Ten stockpile personnel provided annual average, minimum, and maximum temperature
and %RH data for 96 temperature probes and one %RH probe stored within the facility between
January 2014 – February 2019.
o The average temperature between the 2014 – 2019 time period was 71.9°F. The average %RH
between 2014 – 2019 was 44.6%; these averages were within the KC, 3M, and Gerson
recommended temperature and %RH storage conditions.
o 11 of the 15 maximum %RH probe readings provided from 2014 – 2019 exceeded KC’s
recommended minimum %RH of 60%. As shown in Figure 3, the largest deviation observed was
23.3 %RH, which was between January 2016 – January 2017.
5
�o
o
75 of the 478 maximum temperature probe readings provided from 2014 – 2019 exceeded KC’s
recommended maximum storage temperature of 77°F. As shown in Figure 4, the largest
deviation observed was 1.7°F, which was between January 2018 – February 2019 time period.
140 of the 478 minimum temperature probe readings provided from 2014 – 2019 went below
KC’s recommended minimum storage temperature of 68°F. As shown in Figure 4, the largest
deviation observed was 3.96°F, which was between January 2015 – January 2016.
6
�Figure 3: Percent Relative Humidity (% RH) from January 2014 – February 2019 for one %RH probe stored at
Facility Ten. Data is plotted as minimum, maximum, and average %RH.
Figure 4: Temperatures from January 2014 – February 2019 for 96 temperature probes stored at Facility Ten.
Data is plotted as minimum, maximum, and average temperatures.
7
�Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the inhalation and exhalation resistance for a total of 30 stockpiled and 15 control
respirators. All stockpiled and control respirators from each model passed these tests (Figure 5).
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there were no statistically significant differences (defined as
α<0.05) between each of the FFR controls and FFR stockpiled respirators for inhalation and exhalation
resistance when averaging across models.
When comparing the individual respirator models to their respective controls through an ANOVA with
adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, the following statistically significant differences were found
with respect to inhalation and exhalation resistance: 1) both KC 46827 stockpiled 2006 Lots A and B
were lower; and 2) both Gerson 1730 stockpiled 2008 Lots A and B were higher.
For inhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (12.45 mm
H 2 O) was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (35 mm H 2 O allowable maximum). For
exhalation resistance, the individual stockpiled respirator with the highest resistance (12.19 mm H 2 O)
was below the NIOSH maximum limit for product approval (25 mm H 2 O allowable maximum).
8
�Figure 5: Control and stockpiled respirator inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance data. N95 FFRs must have
an inhalation resistance less than 35 mmH 2 O and an exhalation resistance less than 25 mmH 2 O. The pass/fail
threshold for inhalation (A) and exhalation (B) resistance is shown by the red line. Error bars represent the 99%
confidence interval and estimate the population parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any
repeated samples tested and evaluated from this lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
9
�Filtration Performance
•
•
•
•
NIOSH evaluated the particulate penetration efficiency for 400 stockpiled respirators and 100 controls.
The mean percent particle penetration for each lot of respirators tested is shown in Figure 6.
None of the individual stockpiled respirators tested exceeded the 5.0% maximum. The highest
penetration for an individual stockpiled respirator was 4.03% and the highest penetration for an
individual control respirator was 3.37%.
Using an analysis of variance (ANOVA), there was an overall statistically significant difference (defined
as α<0.05) between the 3M controls (mean penetration=1.86, SD=0.57) and 3M stockpiled respirators
(mean penetration=1.06, SD=0.72), p<0.001; between Gerson controls (mean penetration=1.04,
SD=0.17) and Gerson stockpiled respirators (mean penetration=0.81, SD=0.19), p<0.001; and between
KC controls (mean penetration=1.77, SD=0.45) and KC stockpiled respirators (mean penetration=2.67,
SD=0.42), p<0.001.
When comparing the particle penetration for stockpiled respirator models to their respective controls
through an ANOVA with adjusted, post-hoc multiple comparisons, each of the comparisons were
significantly different.
Figure 6: Control and stockpiled respirator particle filtration performance data. N95 FFRs must have a particle
penetration of less than 5.0%. Error bars represent the 99% confidence interval and estimate the population
parameters. This confidence interval suggests that 99% of any repeated samples tested and evaluated from this
lot will have a mean between the upper and lower bounds.
10
�CASE Findings
Findings for the KC 46827 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. This model
currently has a five-year recommended shelf life; Appendix 1 shows a KC letter to end users with shelf life
information, which states respirators past their shelf life should be discarded [KC 2018]. Thus, these respirators
tested are past their recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to KC units from Facility Ten and may not be
applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Findings for the 3M 1860 and 3M 8210 Models:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. These two
models currently have a five-year recommended shelf life. Appendix 2 shows two 3M letters to end users with
shelf life and recommended storage condition information [3M 2018, 3M 2020]. Thus, all respirators tested are
past their recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to 3M units from Facility Ten and may not be
applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Findings for the 3M 8000 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. This model
Is no longer produced and sold by 3M. Appendix 2 shows two 3M letters to end users with shelf life and
recommended storage condition information [3M 2018, 3M 2020]. Thus, all respirators tested are past their
recommended shelf life. These findings pertain to 3M units from Facility Ten and may not be applicable to other
stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage conditions.
Findings for the Gerson 1730 Model:
No failures for inhalation resistance, exhalation resistance, or filtration performance were observed—i.e., the
performance data suggests that these units would be protective so long as a proper fit is achieved. No shelf
life was designated for this model by the approval holder. These findings pertain to Gerson units from Facility
Ten and may not be applicable to other stockpile facilities and/or under different environmental storage
conditions.
Stockpile Storage Conditions:
The average temperature between the 2014-2019 time period was 71.9°F. The average %RH between 2014 2019 was 44.6%; these averages were within the KC, 3M, and Gerson previously described recommended
temperature and %RH storage conditions. Data points deviated from the KC recommended storage conditions
for the minimum and maximum temperature and maximum %RH. Stored under these conditions, NIOSH found
that 430 N95 FFRs evaluated in this study, which were 12-13 years old, maintained their inhalation and
exhalation resistance and filtration performance (i.e. all sampled respirators were below the NIOSH maximum
limit as defined by 42 CFR Part 84).
11
�NIOSH regulation sets the minimum quality and performance requirements for the approval of respirators
[NIOSH 1997]. NIOSH does not have requirements for shelf life or storage conditions for particulate-only APRs.
The approval holder 10 (i.e. the entity that is granted the approval from NIOSH) is responsible for understanding
how their products’ design or performance may be affected by various use or storage conditions and must
provide instruction for establishing the proper use, storage, and maintenance procedures for their approved
products, which may include designating a shelf life [NIOSH 2019]. FFR or particulate filter packaging (such as
the box) often includes NIOSH-approved user instructions, label information, and recommendations on shelf life.
Additionally, some approval holders also disseminate recommendations related to storage and shelf life through
resources such as user and web notices. The respirators tested in this study were generally not designed for
long-term storage.
At this time, we do not have enough information to definitively know the level of protection that may be
provided by respirators that 1) are stored for prolonged periods of times; 2) are stored under various storage
conditions; or 3) have exceeded the approval holder’s designated shelf life. Users of respirators that have
exceeded the designated shelf life should be forewarned to avoid a false sense of confidence; these devices may
not provide the same level of protection as those that have not exceeded the designated shelf life. We
recommend contacting the approval holder(s) of the respirators in the stockpile with specific questions
regarding the use of product beyond the designated shelf life.
NIOSH recommends users contact 3M regarding use of 3M model 8000 respirators.
10
An approval may be granted to a non-manufacturing entity.
12
�What Can Stockpile Personnel Do to Learn More about the
Respirators in their Stockpile?
•
•
•
Stockpile personnel should check the product information from the approval holder as well as the
NIOSH Certified Equipment List to remain up-to-date on product storage conditions, shelf-life
information, and NIOSH approval status. Check NIOSH’s Certified Equipment List to verify the respirator
model currently maintains its NIOSH approval at
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/cel/default.html
Stockpile personnel should work with the approval holder(s) of the stockpiled products with specific
questions regarding the use of expired product.
Sign up for NPPTL’s Listserv at https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/sub-NPPTL.html to receive email
notifications relevant to PPE.
For more information related to personal protective equipment, visit the NIOSH NPPTL website
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/
Get More Information
Find NIOSH products and get answers to workplace safety and health questions:
1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) | TTY: 1-888-232-6348
CDC/NIOSH INFO: cdc.gov/info | cdc.gov/niosh
Monthly NIOSH eNews: cdc.gov/niosh/eNews
All photos courtesy of NIOSH NPPTL.
Disclaimer
The recommendations in this report are made based on the findings at the stockpile evaluated and may not be
applicable to other stockpile facilities.
Mention of any company or product does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
(NIOSH). In addition, citations to websites external to NIOSH do not constitute NIOSH endorsement of the sponsoring organizations or
their programs or products. Furthermore, NIOSH is not responsible for the content of these websites. All web addresses referenced in
this document were accessible as of the publication date.
13
�Suggested Citation
NIOSH PPE CASE: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators:
Facility Ten of Ten. By Greenawald, L., Moore, S., and Yorio, P. Pittsburgh, PA U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.
References
3M [2017]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Filtering Facepiece/Disposable Respirator Storage Conditions and Shelf Life. St.
Paul, MN. https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1015853O/faq-3m-filtering-facepiece-disposable-respirator-storageconditions-and-shelf-life.pdf [accessed February 27, 2020].
3M [2018]. 3M Personal Safety Division Letter. St. Paul, MN: The 3M Company.
https://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/1430383O/3m-filtering-facepiece-shelf-life-letter.pdf.
3M [2020]. Frequently Asked Questions: 3M Health Care Particulate Respirator and Surgical Masks Storage Conditions and
Shelf Life. St. Paul, MN. http://multimedia.3m.com/mws/media/869238O/3m-health-care-particulate-respirator-andsurgical-masks-storage-conditions-and-shelf-life-faq.pdf
ASTHO [2013]. Federal Emergency Preparedness Directives and Systems- Emergency Authority and Immunity Toolkit.
Arlington, VA: Association of State and Territorial Health Officials. http://www.astho.org/Programs/Preparedness/PublicHealth-Emergency-Law/Emergency-Authority-and-Immunity-Toolkit/Federal-Emergency-Preparedness-Directives-andSystems-Fact-Sheet/.
Carias C, Rainisch G, Shankar M, Adhikari BB, Swerdlow DL, Bower WA, Piliai SK, Meltzer MI, Koonin LM [2015]. Potential
demand for respirators and surgical masks during a hypothetical influenza pandemic in the United States. Clinical Infectious
Diseases 60 (1): S42-S51 https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/civ141.
DHHS [2012]. An HHS retrospective on the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic to advance all hazards preparedness.
Washington D.C: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, https://www.phe.gov/Preparedness/mcm/h1n1retrospective/Documents/h1n1-retrospective.pdf.
Gerson [2019]. Gerson Customer Service, email correspondence, October 1, 2019.
KC [2018]. Kimberly Clark Letter to Customers (Appendix 1).
KC [2020]. Kimberly Clark representatives, email correspondence, February 25, 2020.
NIOSH [1997]. 42 CFR Part 84 respiratory protective devices. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human
Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/topics/respirators/pt84abs2.html.
NIOSH [2017]. Workplace safety and health topics: healthcare workers. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/healthcare/default.html.
NIOSH [2018]. Standard respirator testing procedures. Cincinnati, OH: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services,
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/stps/apresp.html.
NIOSH [2019]. NIOSH conformity assessment notice: NIOSH CA 2019-1012, NIOSH respirator approval contents and
meaning. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/resources/pressrel/letters/conformitynotice/CA-2019-1012.html.
14
�Patel A, D'Alessandro M, Ireland KJ, Burel WG, Wencil EB, Rasmussen SA [2017]. Personal protective equipment supply
chain: lessons learned from recent public health emergency responses. Health Security. 15 (3): 244-252
https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2016.0129.
Rottach DR, Lei Z [2017] Stockpiled N95 filtering facepiece respirator polyisoprene strap performance. J Int Soc Respir Prot.
34 (2): 69-80 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6198819/.
15
�Appendix 1 [KC 2018]
16
�Appendix 2 [3M 2018], [3M 2020]
17
�18
�19
�20
�21
�
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Title
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Deploy
Description
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<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
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URL
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/ppecase/default.html
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Title
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PPE CASE Reports: Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
Personal Protective Equipment Conformity Assessment Studies and Evaluations (PPE CASE) provide the public with findings from post-market personal protective equipment tests, evaluations, and investigations. <br /><br />On this page NIOSH provides ten PPE CASE reports related to the performance of over 3,900 stockpiled air-purifying respirators that were sampled from 10 U.S. stockpile facilities. The reports and findings are available on the NIOSH website: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/ppecase/default.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/ppecase/default.html<br /></a>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-12">
<h3>Performance of Stockpiled Air-Purifying Respirators</h3>
<ul class="list-false">
<li><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/ppecase/pdfs/PPE-CASE-Stockpile-1-v3-03012020-508.pdf">Facility One of Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Efficiency Performance <span class="sr-only">pdf icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-pdf x16 fill-pdf"></span><span class="file-details">[PDF – 2 MB]</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/ppecase/pdfs/PPE-CASE-Stockpile-2-v2-03012020-508.pdf">Facility Two of Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Efficiency Performance <span class="sr-only">pdf icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-pdf x16 fill-pdf"></span><span class="file-details">[PDF – 2 MB]</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/ppecase/pdfs/PPE-CASE-Stockpile-3-v2-03012020-508.pdf">Facility Three of Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Efficiency Performance <span class="sr-only">pdf icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-pdf x16 fill-pdf"></span><span class="file-details">[PDF – 2 MB]</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/ppecase/pdfs/PPE-CASE-Stockpile-4-v2-03012020-508.pdf">Facility Four of Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Efficiency Performance <span class="sr-only">pdf icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-pdf x16 fill-pdf"></span><span class="file-details">[PDF – 3 MB]</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/ppecase/pdfs/PPE-CASE-Stockpile-5-v2-03012020-508.pdf">Facility Five of Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Efficiency Performance <span class="sr-only">pdf icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-pdf x16 fill-pdf"></span><span class="file-details">[PDF – 3 MB]</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/ppecase/pdfs/PPE-CASE-Stockpile-6-v2-03012020-508.pdf">Facility Six of Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Efficiency Performance <span class="sr-only">pdf icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-pdf x16 fill-pdf"></span><span class="file-details">[PDF – 3 MB]</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/ppecase/pdfs/PPE-CASE-Stockpile-7-v2-03012020-508.pdf">Facility Seven of Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Efficiency Performance <span class="sr-only">pdf icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-pdf x16 fill-pdf"></span><span class="file-details">[PDF – 3 MB]</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/ppecase/pdfs/PPE-CASE-Stockpile-8-v2-03012020-508.pdf">Facility Eight of Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Efficiency Performance <span class="sr-only">pdf icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-pdf x16 fill-pdf"></span><span class="file-details">[PDF – 3 MB]</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/ppecase/pdfs/PPE-CASE-Stockpile-9-v2-03012020-508.pdf">Facility Nine of Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Efficiency Performance <span class="sr-only">pdf icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-pdf x16 fill-pdf"></span><span class="file-details">[PDF – 861 KB]</span></a></li>
<li><a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/ppecase/pdfs/PPE-CASE-Stockpile-10-v2-03012020-508.pdf">Facility Ten of Ten: Inhalation and Exhalation Resistance and Filtration Efficiency Performance <span class="sr-only">pdf icon</span><span class="fi cdc-icon-pdf x16 fill-pdf"></span><span class="file-details">[PDF – 3 MB]</span></a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-03-25
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-01-19 by Beth Beam
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-01-19
Airborne Transmission
N95
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-PPE
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/599974a7ad33f5d1f9d4f531619d9db7.png
417d1787162f4db8ac066f6302e40ee1
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Title
A name given to the resource
Contingency and Crisis Capacities
Description
An account of the resource
<h3>This is a collection of Contingency and Crisis capacity resources. What are Contingency and Crisis capacities?</h3>
<p style="margin-left:1.25rem;">This collection of resources contains recommendations facilitating conservation of equipment and supplies during <strong>contingency</strong> (expected shortages) and <strong>crisis</strong> (known shortages) capacities and <em><strong>should not be applied</strong></em> as guidance when <strong>conventional capacities</strong> are available.</p>
<p style="margin-left:1.25rem;">Contingency and then crisis capacity measures augment conventional capacity measures and are meant to be considered and <strong>implemented sequentially</strong> (<a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-masks.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">CDC</a>). They are recommended in the following sequence:</p>
<p><img src="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/images/hcp/conventional-contingency-crisis-graphic.png" style="height:150px;" alt="conventional-contingency-crisis-graphic.png" /></p>
<ul style="margin-left:2rem;">
<li><strong>Conventional capacity</strong> include measures consisting of engineering, administrative, and personal protective equipment (PPE) controls that should already be implemented in general infection prevention and control plans in healthcare settings.</li>
<li><strong>Contingency capacity</strong> measures may be used temporarily during periods of expected shortages. Contingency capacity strategies should only be implemented after considering and implementing conventional capacity strategies.</li>
<li><strong>Crisis capacity</strong> strategies are not commensurate with U.S. standards of care but may need to be considered during periods of known shortages. Crisis capacity strategies should only be implemented after considering and implementing conventional and contingency capacity strategies.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Key Facts:</h3>
<ul>
<li>When using these strategies, healthcare facilities should (<a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/conserving.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">CDC</a>):
<ul>
<li>Consider these options and <strong>implement them sequentially</strong></li>
<li>Understand their current PPE inventory, supply chain, and <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/ppe.html#anchor_68992">utilization rate</a></li>
<li>Train healthcare personnel on PPE use and have them demonstrate competency with donning and doffing any PPE ensemble that is used to perform job responsibilities</li>
<li>Once PPE availability returns to normal, promptly resume conventional practices</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3>Where to Start:</h3>
<ul>
<li>Consult the CDC guidance on optimizing Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) supplies here: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/conserving.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/conserving.html</a>
<ul>
<li>Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of Facemasks: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-n95.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-n95.html</a></li>
<li>Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of Eye Protection: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-eye.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-eye.html</a></li>
<li>Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of Isolation Gowns: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-gowns.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-gowns.html</a></li>
<li>Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of Disposable Medical Gloves: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-gloves.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-gloves.html</a></li>
<li>Summary for Healthcare Facilities: Strategies for Optimizing the Supply of PPE during Shortages: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-ppe.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/pandemic/strategies-ppe.html</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>See NETEC's selection of tools on <a href="/exhibits/show/ppecons">PPE (COVID-19) Use and Conservation</a>.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Contingency and Crisis Capacity Resources:</h3>
<p style="margin-left:1.25rem;">Browse through the resources at the bottom of this page, under <a href="#collection-items">Collection Resources</a>, to find strategies to help with reuse and extended use of supplies.</p>
<h3>N95 Flowchart - are Crisis Capacity Strategies necessary?</h3>
<p style="margin-left:1.25rem;">Start with the flowchart below to see how to determine when contingency and crisis capacity strategies are necessary.<br /><br /></p>
<div style="text-align:center;"><img src="https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/9056d3ca25a1fd00b4e26bb772a96d9c.png" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;" width="60%" alt="9056d3ca25a1fd00b4e26bb772a96d9c.png" /></div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://apps.apple.com/us/app/1-check-covid/id1504328584
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
1-Check COVID
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
<div class="l-row">
<div class="we-truncate we-truncate--multi-line we-truncate--interactive we-truncate--full ember-view l-column small-12 medium-9 large-8">
<p>Designed by leading health experts at the University of Nebraska Medical Center, the 1-Check COVID app features an easy to use interface that asks you to complete a series of questions about your symptoms, travel, medical conditions, and exposure. Your assessment responses and results remain securely stored on your iOS device. Upon completion of the screening survey, you will be given an option to share your results with your healthcare provider, clinic, employer, public health service or others.</p>
<br /><p>Results can be shared using a variety of formats including email, text message, and AirDrop.</p>
<br /><p>Features:</p>
<p>-Actionable: provides clear guidance based on self-reported symptoms, travel, medical conditions, and exposure.</p>
<p>-High-fidelity: designed and tested by internationally recognized healthcare providers and researchers at the University of Nebraska Medical Center.</p>
<p>-User-friendly: easy to use interface allows for multiple profiles and screenings from a single device.</p>
</div>
</div>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
University of Nebraska Medical Center / Nebraska Medicine
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-04
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-12-07 general resource review IPC - marked ccc
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-12-07
2019-nCoV
Contingency and crisis capacities
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Diagnosis
R-IPC
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/7ba460618e1bdd8a33a50a10ec8d96ce.png
700012660d4898bcf6c588d95d719479
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npptl/resources/pressrel/letters/respprotect/CA-2020-1028.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
NIOSH Respiratory Protective Device Information
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
Information regarding damaged or degraded head straps on previously stockpiled NIOSH-approved filtering facepiece respirators
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-05-18
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-12-07 general asset review - IPC (change to R-PPE)
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-12-10
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
N95
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-PPE
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/000cdf6c34227b94941f780389f56bef.jpg
b9a144a5cd4c27c4a200ba15a2770fc1
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04283461
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Safety and Immunogenicity Study of 2019-nCoV Vaccine (mRNA-1273) for Prophylaxis of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
This is a phase I, open-label, dose ranging clinical trial in males and non-pregnant females, starting at 18 years of age, inclusive, who are in good health and meet all eligibility criteria. This clinical trial is designed to assess the safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of mRNA-1273 manufactured by ModernaTX (Moderna), Inc. mRNA-1273 is a novel lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated mRNA-based vaccine that encodes for a full-length, prefusion stabilized spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2. Enrollment will occur at up to 3 domestic clinical research sites. One hundred and five subjects will be enrolled into one of nine cohorts (25 micrograms [mcg], 100 mcg, and 250 mcg). Subjects will receive an intramuscular (IM) injection (0.5 milliliter [mL]) of mRNA-1273 on Days 1 and 29 in the deltoid muscle and will be followed through 12 months post second vaccination (Day 394). Follow-up visits will occur 1, 2, and 4 weeks post each vaccination (Days 8, 15, 29, 36, 43, and 57), as well as 3, 6, and 12 months post second vaccination (Days 119, 209, and 394). The primary objective is to evaluate the safety and reactogenicity of a 2-dose vaccination schedule of mRNA-1273, given 28 days apart, across 3 dosages in healthy adults.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NIH
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-05-04
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-12-07 general asset review - IPC (change R-T&C)
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-12-10
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
R-T&C
Vaccine Study
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/hcp/ppe-training/trained-observer/observer_02.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Your Roles as the Trained Observer
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
<div class="syndicate">
<p>To ensure the safety of your colleagues, you must lead, protect, and guide others through the process of safely and correctly donning and doffing PPE.</p>
<p>As a Trained Observer, you are responsible for:</p>
<ul>
<li>Monitoring compliance with PPE protocols</li>
<li>Guiding, correcting, and assisting during donning and doffing.</li>
<li>Protecting yourself through proper PPE use during doffing, and</li>
<li>Anticipating and planning for risks.</li>
</ul>
</div>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2014-10-29
Relation
A related resource
Y - PPE row 44 score 0
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2023-12-04 by Jill Morgan/PPE Group
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-12-04
Doffing
Donning
Donning and Doffing
Ebola
Example
Isolation/Biocontainment
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-PPE
Trained Observer
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/24bc4b6f0742e3a35818136951703cba.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/about-face-coverings.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Your Guide to Masks
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
How to select (what to choose and what not to choose), properly wear, clean, and store masks.<br /><br />Special considerations like gaiters & face shields, children, cold weather, beards, and disabilities.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2021-10-25
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2023-12-04 by Jill Morgan/PPE Group
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-12-04
CDC
Example
Mask
Masks
N95
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-PPE
Respirator
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/a49f2dae5ced6412741b33ab499fbae8.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/mpox/clinicians/infection-control-home.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Isolation and Infection Control for Home: Mpox
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
<p style="background-color:#f7f492;">The following resource was developed and shared during the multi-country Mpox outbreak of clade II in 2022-2023. The current outbreak of Mpox clade I requires different considerations for patient management as clade I is considered a select agent. If you have questions related to the isolation of patients and waste management, please reach out to us <a href="https://netec.org/about-netec/contact-us/" target="_blank" title="Contact us page" rel="noreferrer noopener">here</a> or email us at <a href="mailto:info@netec.org">info@netec.org</a>.</p>
<p>People with mpox who do not require hospitalization should be isolated at home. <br /><br />See this resource for information on Isolation of People with Mpox, Hand Hygiene, Source Control, and Personal Protective Equipment, and Household Disinfection.</p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-08-11
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-12-15
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2023-12-15 by Trish and Caroline/IPC WG - updated link to mpox - added banner noting Clade I vs. II.
Hand Hygiene
Infection Prevention and Control
Isolate
Isolation/Biocontainment
Mpox
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/b3641efec25f32a1bc7a96c708967cc7.png
de3b71669ef5c9eacfca3aed96765472
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2022/06/21/preventing-lassa-virus-infections-in-health-care-settings/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Preventing Lassa Virus Infections in Health Care Settings
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
This blog post covers information on stopping transmission of Lassa Fever with Infection Prevention and Control and Waste Management.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-06-21
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-07-20
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1PM/D0.2PM Qualtrics # 904, original # 3
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2023-07-13 by Christa Arguinchona and Caroline Croyle (PM) - Created in 2022, recommending checking in every 2 years unless significant changes to lassa fever recs
Blog
Healthcare Worker Safety
Infection Prevention and Control
Lassa
Occupational Exposure
Occupational Health
R-PM
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/2dae7ef45b9c455ed93ab2eaa3d0807c.png
2b3cf447fc1a8c34b058881fb1437101
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2022/06/13/lassa-fever-patient-care-biocontainment-ppe/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Lassa Fever: Biocontainment and PPE for Patient Care
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
This blog post covers infection control, biocontainment, PPE, and related topics for Lassa Fever patients. <br /><br />Because of the high degree of mortality associated with infection, patients infected with or suspected to be infected with Lassa virus should be cared for in a biocontainment unit and health care providers should follow personal protective equipment (PPE) guidance to prevent secondary person-to-person spread.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-06-13
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-07-20
Identifier
An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context
Infection Prevention and Control; PPE
Blog
Intake
Internal Transport
Isolate
Isolation/Biocontainment
Lassa
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Treatment and Care
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/schools-childcare/k-12-childcare-guidance.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Operational Guidance for K-12 Schools and Early Care and Education Programs to Support Safe In-Person Learning
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
On This Page <br />
<ul>
<li>Introduction</li>
<li>Strategies for Everyday Operations</li>
<li>COVID-19 Community Levels and Associated Prevention Strategies</li>
<li>Considerations for Prioritizing Strategies</li>
</ul>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-10-05
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-07 by Andi, Special Populations Treatment & Care group
2023-12-15 by Clayton Mowrer, Special Populations Treatment & Care group - note "constantly updated"
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-12-31
Children
COVID-19
Example
Mask
Masks
Pediatrics
Public Health
R-SP
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/schools-childcare/ventilation.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Ventilation in Schools and Childcare Programs
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
How to use CDC building recommendations in your setting
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2021-02-26
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-10-06
Children
COVID-19
Pediatrics
Public Health
R-SP
School
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/262d43b48aa46b4231ff32245376114d.png
aaf398e2cea990f2dea2d5977d251fe4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2023/03/03/infection-prevention-and-control-measures-for-marburg-virus-disease/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Infection Prevention and Control Measures for Marburg Virus Disease
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
This NETEC blog post discusses how Marburg Virus spreads, how to ensure early isolation through the Identify, Isolate, and Inform Framework, isolation precautions and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), cleaning and disinfection, waste management, and other important infection prevention and control practices .
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-03-03
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-03-03
Disinfection
Identify
Infection Prevention and Control
Inform
Isolate
Marburg
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-IPC
Waste Management
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/122eba143900141b65115228ab1935ba.png
8ed87b6d11b0d339347789c7d1b7566b
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2023/03/01/marburg-transmission-signs-and-symptoms/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Marburg: Transmission, Signs, and Symptoms
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
This NETEC blog post discusses how Marburg Virus spreads, the signs and symptoms of Marburg Virus Disease, and resources for Health Care Professionals.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-03-01
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-03-01
Contact Transmission
Marburg
R-IPC
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/9169c62c8fc9662026e3e4aa58458f4a.png
3ffd8d642c479882bec6624ed65d964c
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2023/01/10/ppe-breaches-understanding-the-risks-and-how-to-respond/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
PPE Breaches: Understanding the Risks and How to Respond
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
This NETEC blog post discusses PPE breaches and identifying and mitigating risks.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-01-10
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-01-10
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-PPE
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/978567002b294231b1171a8d37ba69f7.png
7d3c62d803a95149ddaeafb561e5b825
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2022/11/03/guidance-on-personal-protective-equipment-ppe-breaches/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Guidance on Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Breaches
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
This NETEC blog post discusses breaches, contamination, how to develop a breach plan, and resources for health care facilities.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-11-03
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-11-03
Gloves
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-PPE
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/8c2c18125ffbcda8f7960d30d9cb9869.png
545e2f9bf21e760bc46aa16d18ba354a
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2023/08/03/health-care-ppe-updates-liquid-barrier-protection-for-gowns/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Health Care PPE Updates: Liquid Barrier Protection for Gowns
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
<p>During a recent webinar, experts in personal protective equipment (PPE) and infection prevention and control presented updates to liquid barrier protection standards for PPE to help health care personnel make informed decisions about the PPE in their facilities. </p>
<p>The webinar follows a revision to the ANSI / AAMI PB70 (PB70) standards document that was released in early 2023. PB70 standards cover barrier performance and classification of gowns, protective apparel, and drapes intended for use in health care facilities. </p>
<p><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/items/show/1779" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Watch the webinar, “PPE from A to Z: Exploring the Latest Standards and Regulations for Health Care Personnel.”</a></p>
<h4>Read more on the NETEC blog post: <a href="https://netec.org/2023/08/03/health-care-ppe-updates-liquid-barrier-protection-for-gowns/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Health Care PPE Updates: Liquid Barrier Protection for Gowns </a></h4>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-08-03
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-08-03
Gown
Healthcare Worker Safety
Mpox
Occupational Exposure
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
R-PPE
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://mypact.us/series/identify-isolate-inform/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Identify, Isolate, Inform Approach for High Consequence Infectious Diseases
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
As part of the CDC-funded National Infection Control Strengthening (NICS) project, experts in infection prevention and control, infectious diseases, emergency preparedness and management from NYC Health + Hospitals/Bellevue and the Massachusetts General Hospital partnered to develop practical tools to enhance infection prevention and control in healthcare facilities.<br /><br />Explore this series of tools and resources.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
National Infection Control Strengthening (NICS) project
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-08
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-08
High Consequence Infectious Disease (HCID)
Identify
Infection Prevention and Control
Inform
Isolate
R-T&C
Treatment and Care
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/6274083c1510b7d63b23d191d8c0b254.png
aaf544c5db6a6d0a409522105a06e05f
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2023/08/08/travel-related-infectious-diseases-a-guide-for-health-care-professionals/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Travel-Related Infectious Diseases: A Guide for Health Care Professionals
Subject
The topic of the resource
Infection Control
Description
An account of the resource
The dog days of summer are upon us, and many people are taking advantage of the final weeks before cooler temperatures arrive to embark on vacations. While travel offers exciting adventures, it also carries the potential for illness. From minor issues like traveler’s diarrhea to serious high-consequence infectious diseases, health care professionals must be prepared to address travel-related health concerns and provide guidance to patients on how to prevent illness. Here are some essential reminders for patient care:<br />
<h4>Read more on the NETEC blog post: <a href="https://netec.org/2023/08/08/travel-related-infectious-diseases-a-guide-for-health-care-professionals/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Travel-Related Infectious Diseases: A Guide for Health Care Professionals</a></h4>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-08-03
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-08-24
Blog
Malaria
Mosquito
NETEC
R-IPC
Tick
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://dph.georgia.gov/TravelClinicalAssistant
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Travel Clinical Assistant (TCA)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Intake and Internal Transport
Description
An account of the resource
The Travel Clinical Assistant provides post-travel clinical information on travel-related diseases for 231 countries. Diseases with recent outbreaks occurring in the last 2 years are listed first. For recent outbreaks, information on clinical symptoms, transmission modes, infection control, and reporting to the Georgia Department of Public Health are provided. The second table lists additional endemic and/or travel-related diseases that may be acquired by travelers to a country. Disease links are provided for additional information on symptoms, transmission, testing, and/or treatment.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Georgia Department of Public Health
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1IIT/D0.2IIT - Qualtrics # 701
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-04-05
Outbreaks
R-IIT
Travel Screening
Vaccines
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/dcd1d4b5cbe67483ec52ce1df90b9add.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/lab/guidelines-clinical-specimens.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Interim Guidelines for Collecting, Handling, and Testing Clinical Specimens from Persons for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Laboratory
Description
An account of the resource
Interim Guidelines for Collecting, Handling, and Testing Clinical Specimens from Patients Under Investigation (PUIs) for 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2021-10-25
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-12-07 general asset review - IPC
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-12-10
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Infection Prevention and Control
Lab
Laboratory
Person Under Investigation (PUI)
R-IPC
R-Lab
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/labs/index.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
CDC Laboratories
Subject
The topic of the resource
Laboratory
Description
An account of the resource
CDC has more than 1700 scientists, working in more than 200 cutting-edge laboratories across the U.S. from Atlanta to Spokane, to Ft Collins, to Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, Morgantown, Anchorage, and San Juan. While CDC’s laboratories are diverse in their functions and expertise, they play a vital role and are unified by a single mission: to protect the lives and health of the American public 24/7.
This page provides information on laboratory science and safety.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-10-26
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1Res/D0.2Res Qualtrics # 1308, original # 6
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-08-11
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2023-06-05 by Joanna - updated URL (changed by CDC)
Biosafety
CDC
Laboratory
Occupational Health
R-Lab
R-Res&Pub
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/labtraining/index.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
CDC Laboratory Training
Subject
The topic of the resource
Laboratory
Description
An account of the resource
This page includes a selection of different laboratory trainings.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-06-29
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1Res/D0.2Res Qualtrics # 1308, original # 6
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-08-19
Biosafety
Laboratory
Occupational Health
R-Lab
R-Res&Pub
Training
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://about.citiprogram.org/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Collaborative Institutional Training Initiative (CITI Program)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Laboratory
Description
An account of the resource
The Collaborative Institutional Training Initiative (CITI Program) is dedicated to serving the training needs of colleges and universities, healthcare institutions, technology and research organizations, and governmental agencies, as they foster integrity and professional advancement of their learners.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CITI Program
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1Res/D0.2Res Qualtrics # 1311, original # 9
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-08-19
Laboratory
Protocol
R-Lab
R-Res&Pub
Research
Training
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.iedcr.org/pdf/files/nipah/National_Nipah.pdf
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
National Guideline for Management, Prevention and control of Nipah Virus infection Including Encephalitis
Subject
The topic of the resource
Laboratory
Description
An account of the resource
National Guideline for Management, Prevention and control of Nipah Virus infection Including Encephalitis
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2011-12
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-02-09
Infection Prevention and Control
Nipah (NiV)
R-IPC
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/11ab49e97f05444007de2f984f939c87.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/laboratory-personnel/safe-specimen-management.html#clinical-laboratory-testing
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Guidance for U.S. Hospitals and Clinical Laboratories on Performing Routine Diagnostic Testing for Patients with Suspected Ebola Disease*
Subject
The topic of the resource
Laboratory
Description
An account of the resource
This document provides guidance for hospitals and clinical laboratories on performing routine diagnostic (non-ebolavirus) testing necessary for management and care of patients with suspected ebolavirus infection, while minimizing risk to laboratory personnel.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-04-30
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1Lab/D0.2Lab - Qualtrics # 1006, original # 3a
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-04-05
Diagnosis
Ebola
Lab
Laboratory
Laboratory Testing
R-Lab
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cms.gov/regulations-and-guidance/legislation/clia
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Laboratory
Description
An account of the resource
The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) regulates all laboratory testing (except research) performed on humans in the U.S. through the Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA). In total, CLIA covers approximately 320,000 laboratory entities. The Division of Clinical Laboratory Improvement & Quality, within the Quality, Safety & Oversight Group, under the Center for Clinical Standards and Quality (CCSQ) has the responsibility for implementing the CLIA Program. <br /><br />The objective of the CLIA program is to ensure quality laboratory testing. Although all clinical laboratories must be properly certified to receive Medicare or Medicaid payments, CLIA has no direct Medicare or Medicaid program responsibilities.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-01-23
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1Lab/D0.2Lab - Qualtrics # 1022, original # 11
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-04-05
Lab
Laboratory
Laboratory Testing
R-Lab
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/de23b914cdf931609013e9985d7ea704.png
707b9e939c68b546fb2c32060b6807e3
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2023/04/11/marburg-virus-diagnostic-testing-packaging-and-shipping/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Marburg Virus: Diagnostic Testing, Packaging, and Shipping
Subject
The topic of the resource
Laboratory
Description
An account of the resource
This NETEC blog post discusses when to test for Marburg Virus Disease, diagnostic testing for MVD, guidelines for specimen collection, and packaging and shipping Marburg specimens.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-04-11
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-04-11
Diagnosis
Laboratory Testing
Marburg
Packing and Shipping
R-Lab
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://echo.unm.edu/covid-19/sessions/firstresponder
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
First Responder Resiliency ECHO
Subject
The topic of the resource
Personnel Management
Description
An account of the resource
First responders are the primary frontline professionals responding to emergencies and are the difference between life and death for patients and community members. Continually at risk for physical injury, compassion fatigue, “burn-out”, and PTSD, the COVID-19 global pandemic is impacting First Responders and Frontline Healthcare Workers in unprecedented ways.
<p>Join your colleagues in EMS, law enforcement, and healthcare from around the nation for our first-of-its-kind program based on real cases and situations generated by COVID-19. Learn techniques to manage self-care and increase resiliency and capacity during this crisis. Share best practices and receive support from peers, physicians, and mental health experts.</p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Project Echo
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-09-14
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2023-07-13 by Christa Arguinchona and Caroline Croyle (PM) - covid specific resource, relevancy for non covid environment
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-07-14
2019-nCoV
Anxiety
Burnout
Coping
Coronavirus
COVID-19
EMS
Epidemic
Example
First Responder
Mental Health
Nursing
Occupational Health
Pandemic
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
R-PM
Resilience
Self-Care
Staff Support
Staffing
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/b9080714229d5a58675a78fc0c44d7f6.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/healthcare-us/preparing/frontline-healthcare-facilities.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Interim Guidance for Preparing Frontline Healthcare Facilities for Patients Under Investigation (PUIs) for Ebola Virus Disease (EVD)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Physical Infrastructure
Description
An account of the resource
<div class="card mb-3">
<div class="card-header h4 bg-gray-l3">Page Summary</div>
<div class="card-body bg-gray-l3">
<p><strong>Who this is for</strong>: State and local health departments and frontline healthcare facilities (acute care hospitals, and other emergency care settings including urgent care clinics, and critical access hospitals). This guidance does not address Ebola preparedness for primary care offices and other non-emergent ambulatory care settings.</p>
<p><strong>What this is for</strong>: Guidance to assist frontline healthcare facilities and state and local health departments develop preparedness plans for patients under investigation (PUIs) for Ebola virus disease (EVD).</p>
<p><strong>How this relates to other guidance documents/purpose</strong>: This guidance provides specific recommendations for frontline healthcare facilities and state and local health departments as they develop Ebola preparedness plans. Context for this guidance document is provided in CDC’s <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/healthcare-us/preparing/hospitals.html">Interim Guidance for U.S. Hospital Preparedness for Patients under Investigation and with Confirmed Ebola Virus Disease: A Framework for a Tiered Approach</a>. In addition, this document complements two other specific CDC guidance documents:<a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/healthcare-us/preparing/assessment-hospitals.html"> Interim Guidance for Preparing Ebola Assessment Hospitals</a> and <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/healthcare-us/preparing/treatment-centers.html">Interim Guidance for Preparing Ebola Treatment Centers</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-08-28
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-11-14 by IPC general asset review, marked for archive "designations no longer in place, last updated in 2015"
2023-03-03 remarked active - in SPORSA
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1PI/D0.2PI Qualtrics # 122, original # 10
Y - D0.1PI/D0.2PI Qualtrics # 124, original # 12
Y - D0.1EM/D0.2EM Qualtrics # 503
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-03-03
Ebola
Frontline Facility
Infection Prevention and Control
Person Under Investigation (PUI)
Physical Infrastructure
R-PhIn
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/7cba8461d5fe83f42cb172fca034537d.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/healthcare-us/preparing/assessment-hospitals.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Interim Guidance for Preparing Ebola Assessment Hospitals
Subject
The topic of the resource
Physical Infrastructure
Description
An account of the resource
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-12">
<div class="card mb-3">
<div class="card-header h4 bg-gray-l3">Page Summary</div>
<div class="card-body bg-gray-l3">
<p><strong>Who this is for</strong>: State and local health departments and acute care hospitals that may serve as Ebola assessment hospitals.</p>
<p><strong>What this is for</strong>: Guidance to assist state and local health departments and acute care hospitals as they develop preparedness plans for patients under investigation (PUIs) for Ebola virus disease (EVD).</p>
<p><strong>How this relates to other guidance documents/purpose</strong>: This guidance is intended to inform efforts to prepare hospitals identified as Ebola assessment hospitals and includes a summary of the capability elements needed for those hospitals. Context for this guidance document is provided in CDC’s <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/healthcare-us/preparing/hospitals.html">Interim Guidance for U.S. Hospital Preparedness for Patients Under Investigation (PUIs) and Patients with Confirmed Ebola Virus Disease: A Framework for a Tiered Approach</a>. In addition, this guidance complements two other specific CDC guidance documents: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/healthcare-us/preparing/treatment-centers.html">Interim Guidance for Preparing Ebola Treatment Centers</a> and <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/healthcare-us/preparing/frontline-healthcare-facilities.html">Interim Guidance for Preparing Frontline Healthcare Facilities for Patients Under Investigation for Ebola Virus Disease</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
<p></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-md-12">
<p></p>
</div>
</div>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2018-08-30
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-11-14 by IPC general asset review, marked for archive "designations no longer in place, last updated in 2015"
2023-03-03 remarked active - in SPORSA
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1PI/D0.2PI Qualtrics # 122, original # 10
Y - D0.1PI/D0.2PI Qualtrics # 124, original # 12
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-03-03
Assessment Facility
Ebola
Infection Prevention and Control
Person Under Investigation (PUI)
Physical Infrastructure
R-PhIn
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/16e048df0771ad50cb921787059ba705.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/healthcare-us/preparing/treatment-centers.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Interim Guidance for Preparing Ebola Treatment Centers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Physical Infrastructure
Description
An account of the resource
<div class="card mb-3">
<div class="card-header h4 bg-gray-l3">Page Summary</div>
<div class="card-body bg-gray-l3">
<p><strong>Who this is for</strong>: State and local health departments and acute care hospitals designated as Ebola treatment centers.</p>
<p><strong>What this is for</strong>: Guidance to assist state and local health departments and acute care hospitals as they develop preparedness plans to serve as Ebola treatment centers.</p>
<p><strong>How this relates to other guidance documents/purpose</strong>: This guidance is intended to inform efforts by state and local health departments and healthcare facilities to prepare Ebola treatment centers, and includes a summary of the capability elements needed for those hospitals. Context for this guidance document is provided in CDC’s <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/healthcare-us/preparing/hospitals.html">Interim Guidance for U.S. Hospital Preparedness for Patients Under Investigation (PUIs) or Patients with Confirmed Ebola Virus Disease: A Framework for a Tiered Approac</a>h. In addition, this guidance complements two other specific CDC guidance documents: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/healthcare-us/preparing/assessment-hospitals.html">Interim Guidance for Preparing Ebola Assessment Hospitals</a> and <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/healthcare-us/preparing/frontline-healthcare-facilities.html">Interim Guidance for Preparing Frontline Healthcare Facilities for Patients Under Investigation (PUIs) for Ebola Virus Disease</a>.</p>
</div>
</div>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2015-01-28
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-11-14 by IPC general asset review, marked for archive "designations no longer in place, last updated in 2015"
2023-03-03 remarked active - in SPORSA
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1PI/D0.2PI Qualtrics # 101, original # 1
Y - D0.1PI/D0.2PI Qualtrics # 116, original # 5
Y - D0.1PI/D0.2PI Qualtrics # 117, original # 6a
Y - D0.1PI/D0.2PI Qualtrics # 118, original # 6b
Y - D0.1PI/D0.2PI Qualtrics # 122, original # 10
Y - D0.1PI/D0.2PI Qualtrics # 124, original # 12
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-03-03
Ebola
Infection Prevention and Control
Person Under Investigation (PUI)
Physical Infrastructure
R-PhIn
Treatment Facility
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/e54da37c002f7dd4312303619032558f.pdf
f783d80df911684acfc43825f682cf65
PDF Text
Text
Example: Standard Operating
Procedure (SOP) for Patient Handoff
between a Healthcare Facility and a
Transporting Ambulance
Drafted by Alexander Isakov, MD, MPH, in collaboration with the EMS Biosafety Transport
Consortium (Emory University/Grady EMS, University of Nebraska Medical Center/Omaha Fire
Department, US Department of State/Office of Operational Medicine, NIH Div. of Fire and Rescue
Services/NIH Div. of Occupational Health and Safety, Fire Dept. of New York, Phoenix Air Group,
American Medical Response)
Purpose
This document provides guidance to facilitate planning for and execution of patient handoff
between personnel at a fixed facility (hospital or clinic) and the transporting ambulance agency.
Information is presented in a chronological format and is provided at a level of detail that will
afford local planners and operators the flexibility to develop procedures that are suitable for
their environment. References from peer-reviewed literature are included and provide greater
detail as articulated by the authors.
The following key assumptions are being made:
All healthcare workers (hospital and out-of-hospital) who are involved will have received
education and training and demonstrated the necessary competencies for management
of patients with serious communicable diseases.
Healthcare facilities and transporting ambulance agencies have procedures for the
management of patients with serious communicable diseases.
Facilities and transporting ambulance agencies are conducting tabletop and operational
exercises that test and refine procedures for the transfer of patients.
This guidance complements other CDC guidance for management of patients with
serious communicable diseases.
_____________________________
Mobilizing for patient transport
Notify responsible parties, including sending facility, receiving facility, transporting
ambulance agency, public health authority, emergency management agency, law
enforcement, and (if applicable) aviation and hazardous materials management and
disposal.
o Establish a communications plan that identifies all points of contact and
distribute it to all parties to facilitate communication.
o All parties should consider notifying their public affairs official.
1
�o
Discuss methods of notification, as radio and other non-secure methods of
communication may be monitored by the media or the public.
Communicate to all parties the patient’s risk of exposure to Ebola and clinical condition.
o Communicate whether the patient will be ambulatory or non-ambulatory.
Confirm transporting ambulance personnel and receiving facility personnel have
appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) ensembles (they may be different
depending on mission requirements and patient condition).
Confirm and communicate with the designated point of contact at each facility the
location for transition of patient care at point of origin and destination – this location
will likely be pre-determined by facilities and chosen in order to minimize environmental
exposure at the facility and prevent exposure of unprotected staff, patients, and visitors.
Confirm and communicate location for donning and doffing of PPE for transporting
ambulance personnel and ambulance decontamination and disinfection.
o Affirm appropriate supervision for the doffing of ambulance personnel. Hospital
PPE and doffing protocols may be different and therefore supervision may need
to be specific to the ambulance crews involved.
o Personnel doffing and ambulance decontamination locations must be prepared
to manage regulated waste.
Determine the need for additional security with sending and receiving facility security,
as well as local, county, state public safety and law enforcement personnel both during
transport and at the healthcare facilities.
Preparing for transfer of patient and patient care
Sending facility
Maintain appropriate infection control posture while managing patient.
Determine appropriate level of personnel to accompany patient during transfer.
Provide management of volume depletion and nausea/vomiting as much as possible to
facilitate event-free transport.
Be prepared to communicate with transport agency directly to provide up-to-date
patient status and facilitate patient transfer.
Advise transporting ambulance agency about any patient belongings that may
accompany patient.
Determine and communicate whether patient is ambulatory or will require a stretcher
transport.
Obtain vital signs immediately before transfer of care to share with transport team.
As mutually agreed upon with transporting ambulance agency and just prior to their
arrival, have patient apply barrier garments with the goal of limiting exposure of
transport team or vehicle (e.g., as tolerated), including footed impermeable suit,
surgical mask, and gloves for ambulatory patient, or impervious sheets and surgical
mask for non-ambulatory patient, and adult undergarment, as needed.
Communicate transport plan to family and friends of patient, as appropriate.
Provide written patient care report (PCR) that includes signs and symptoms and care
rendered. Provide PCR to transporting ambulance agency in a manner that assures it is
contamination-free.
2
�
Ensure patient’s property is secured and documented appropriately (assume property is
contaminated).
Transfer patient care and any belongings to transport team.
Follow facility SOPs for mission completion, which may include disinfection of exposed
environmental surfaces, etc.
Transporting ambulance provider
Before transport
Ensure transportation readiness:
o Confirm that receiving facility is ready for patient arrival.
o Confirm patient’s condition and level of personnel required to accompany
patient during transfer.
o Confirm whether additional passengers are being transported (family, etc.).
o Confirm location for decontamination and disinfection of ambulance and
doffing of ambulance transport personnel PPE. Confirm hospital (or contracted
service) is prepared to handle contaminated waste.
o Communicate with designated emergency management officials and coordinate
with the agency that will be providing security as required for the mission.
o Confirm that all agencies involved in patient transport have access to secure
communications.
o Ensure procedures have been implemented to limit contamination of
ambulance environmental surfaces (isolation of driver compartment, draping,
etc.).
o Ensure adequate inventory of supplies and appropriately-sized PPE for the
personnel who are assigned to the transport mission.
Barrier drapes and tape for transport vehicle as indicated
PPE ensemble – correct size suits, back-up PPE for possible breach,
charged batteries if using powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR), etc.
Supplies for decontamination and disinfection – U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA)-registered hospital disinfectant wipes effective
against the known or suspected pathogen, hand disinfectant, a “spill kit”
(household bleach, absorbent towels and appropriate water-tight
container to secure gross contamination), etc.
Supplies for waste collection – biohazard bags, autoclave bags
o Ensure appropriate medical director (or appropriate person providing medical
oversight) is immediately available throughout the transport.
o Hold mission briefing for transport team to review:
Purpose and team primary contacts
Transport provider health check
Patient history and condition
Infection control posture – ambulance configuration and personnel PPE
Team member (paramedic, EMT, driver, supervisor/safety officer, EMS
physician, etc.) roles and responsibilities, including supervision of
donning and doffing procedures, etc.
Relevant clinical care guidelines including appropriateness of
interventions or invasive procedures
Transportation of patient samples and medication, if applicable
3
�
Transfer of paper or electronic ambulance patient care records in a way
that avoids contaminating the receiving facility
Decontamination and disinfection procedure
Waste collection and mission recovery
Post-mission surveillance
Special considerations – transfer of patient across state borders,
deterioration of patient condition in transit, vehicle malfunction and
other contingencies, etc.
Media discipline
During transport
Communicate with sending facility for patient updates and to confirm patient transfer
location.
Contact sending facility to verify patient management steps have been taken to
facilitate event-free transport and reduce risk of exposure.
Depart for patient location and provide estimated time of arrival (ETA) for ambulance at
sending facility.
Communicate with designated point of contact at each facility the arrival of transporting
ambulance at sending and receiving facilities.
Observe donning of PPE and when ready, proceed to make patient contact (only the
minimum number of providers necessary to manage the patient should be present).
Conduct brief patient assessment to determine patient’s stability, “dry” or “wet”
symptoms, and need for intervention before and/or during patient transport. Clearly
define appropriate interventions for patient deterioration/decompensation. Consider
minimizing patient contact. For example, consider not obtaining vital signs if patient is
“dry,” has no visual evidence of distress or shock, and transport time is not prolonged.
Transport patient in impervious suit if ambulatory, or in impervious sheets if nonambulatory and stretcher-bound, as tolerated.
Consider any patient belongings to be contaminated, which are typically bagged,
labeled, and transported with the patient in the patient compartment.
Any documents provided by sending facility should be free of contamination. When in
doubt, consider them contaminated and package as appropriate for transport by
ambulance personnel.
Report patient’s condition and ETA to receiving facility to facilitate their readiness to
receive patient from transport agency immediately upon arrival, thus avoiding PPEinduced fatigue/dehydration for patient, ambulance crew and/or receiving staff.
Upon arrival
Confirm arrival with receiving facility and specific route of travel within facility before
debarking ambulance with patient.
Transport patient to designated location in receiving facility – via the most direct route
to isolation unit – ambulatory vs. stretcher.
Ensure route of travel is secure.
Transfer patient care to receiving facility team as arranged (and exercised).
Return to ambulance and proceed to designated decontamination/disinfection station.
Disinfect ambulance per SOP.
Ambulance transport personnel doff PPE under supervision of qualified personnel
(transport agency PPE ensemble and SOP may differ from hospital).
4
�
Have appropriately trained personnel package waste from ambulance transport.
Transfer waste to hospital or appropriate agency as previously arranged and in
accordance with applicable regulations.
Secure mission, debrief providers, and initiate post-mission surveillance as indicated.
Receiving facility
Ensure isolation unit is ready to receive patient.
Prepare arrival site and route of entry to isolation unit – ambulatory vs. stretcher
transport.
Communicate with ambulance transport agency regarding readiness to receive patient,
route of entry, and location of patient transfer.
Confirm location for ambulance decontamination/disinfection and personnel doffing of
PPE.
Consider need for security on route of intra-facility patient transport (e.g., from
ambulance entrance to the designated ward or unit) and/or in decontamination area (if
on hospital premises).
Prepare to receive biohazard waste from transporting ambulance agency and facilitate
waste management.
Inform appropriate public health, emergency management, and public safety authorities
on arrival of patient.
Communicate any diagnostic test results to transporting ambulance agency as
appropriate to inform need for continuing post-mission surveillance of ambulance
providers (EMTs, paramedics, etc.).
5
�References
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Isakov A, Jamison A, Miles W, Ribner B. Safe management of patients with serious
communicable diseases: recent experience with Ebola virus. Ann Int Med 2014 Dec
2;161(11):829-30.
Lowe, J.J., Jelden, K.C., Schenarts, P.J., Rupp, L.E., Hawes, K.J., Tysor, B.M., Swansinger,
R.G., Schweldhelm, S.S., Smith, P.W., Gibbs, S.G. Considerations for Safe EMS Transport
of Patients Infected with Ebola Virus. Prehospital Emergency Care. 2015; 19(2):179-183.
Coignard-Biehler H, Isakov A, Stephenson J. Pre-hospital transportation in western
countries for Ebola patients, comparison of guidelines. Intensive Care Med. 2015; 41(8):
1472–1476.
Isakov A, Miles W, Gibbs S, Lowe J, Jamison A, Swansiger R. Transport and management
of patients with confirmed or suspected Ebola virus disease. Ann of Emerg Med. 2015;
66(3):297-305.
Swansiger, R.G., Walters, W.A., Isakov, A.P., Gibbs, S.G., Lowe, J.J. 2014.
BioContainment Ground Transport Standard Operating Procedures. Office of Medical
Services Operational Medicine. United States Department of State.
6
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/clinicians/emergency-services/patient-handoff.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Example: Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Patient Handoff between a Healthcare Facility and a Transporting Ambulance
Subject
The topic of the resource
Pre-hospital
Description
An account of the resource
This document provides guidance to facilitate planning for and execution of patient handoff between personnel at a fixed facility (hospital or clinic) and the transporting ambulance agency. Information is presented in a chronological format and is provided at a level of detail that will afford local planners and operators the flexibility to develop procedures that are suitable for their environment. References from peer-reviewed literature are included and provide greater detail as articulated by the authors.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-01-08
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-04-05
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1PrH/D0.2PrH - Qualtrics # 610, original # 8
Y - D0.1PrH/D0.2PrH - Qualtrics # 611, original # 20
Y - D0.1PrH/D0.2PrH - Qualtrics # 612, original # 21
Y - D0.1PrH/D0.2PrH - Qualtrics # 613, original # 10
Y - D0.1PrH/D0.2PrH - Qualtrics # 614, original # 9
Y - D0.1PrH/D0.2PrH - Qualtrics # 616, original # 12
Y - D0.1PrH/D0.2PrH - Qualtrics # 617, original # 13
Y - D0.1PrH/D0.2PrH - Qualtrics # 618, original # 14
Y - D0.1PrH/D0.2PrH - Qualtrics # 619, original # 15
Y - D0.1PrH/D0.2PrH - Qualtrics # 620, original # 16
Example
Intake
Pre-Hospital
Pre-hospital Transport
R-EMS
R-PreH
Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/fe1a80e1a11bd052a965da74cf48d5cc.pdf
a36dea9998194be213877d32fb3e2a8f
PDF Text
Text
Example: Standard Operating
Procedure (SOP) for Decontamination of
an Ambulance that has Transported a
Person under Investigation or Patient
with Confirmed Ebola
Drafted by John Lowe, PhD, in collaboration with the EMS Biosafety Transport Consortium
(Emory University/Grady EMS, University of Nebraska Medical Center/Omaha Fire Department,
US Department of State/Office of Operational Medicine, NIH Div. of Fire and Rescue Services/NIH
Div. of Occupational Health and Safety, Fire Dept. of New York, Phoenix Air Group, American
Medical Response). This Model Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) is adapted from the
Emory/Grady EMS Bio Containment Transport Protocol, the University of Nebraska Medical
Center Biocontainment Transport Protocol, and the United States Department of State Office of
Medical Services Operational Medicine Biocontainment Ground Transport Standard Operating
Procedures.
Purpose
This SOP can serve as a model for emergency medical services (EMS) transport agencies to
standardize the procedures and responsibilities for the decontamination and disinfection of an
ambulance that has transported a person under investigation (PUI) for Ebola or a patient with
confirmed Ebola. It is highly recommended that procedures and responsibilities for
decontamination and disinfection of the ambulance be clearly defined before transporting a PUI.
All personnel should be trained in donning and doffing (putting on and taking off) techniques for
personnel protective equipment (PPE).
The following key assumptions are being made:
All healthcare workers (hospital and out-of-hospital) who are involved will have received
education and training and demonstrated the necessary competencies for management
of patients with serious communicable diseases.
Healthcare facilities and transporting ambulance agencies have procedures for the
management of patients with serious communicable diseases.
Facilities and transporting ambulance agencies are conducting tabletop and operational
exercises that test and refine procedures for the transfer of patients.
This guidance complements other CDC guidance for management of patients with
serious communicable diseases.
Safety
Ebola is transmitted through contact with infected body fluids, so infection control measures
must be implemented that prevent contact with blood or infectious body fluid throughout the
decontamination process.
1
�This process is designed for a 3-person team. Two people will be donned in PPE and perform the
decontamination. A third person, not donned in PPE, will be available to document the
decontamination and for other assistance as needed.
Decontamination site setup
Select an appropriate site for ambulance decontamination that protects the vehicle and
the decontamination team from weather elements, preferably a well-ventilated large
enclosed structure.
Establish a secure perimeter for safety of the public and decontamination personnel.
Include considerations for waste management, security plan, public perception, and
media visibility when selecting decontamination site.
Depending on the location, the ability for climate control is beneficial.
Define and mark hot, warm, and cold zones of contamination1 around the ambulance
that require PPE to enter.
Transport unit decontamination
Note: All disinfection should use a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-registered
hospital disinfectant with a label claim for a non-enveloped virus (norovirus, rotavirus,
adenovirus, poliovirus) to disinfect environmental surfaces at appropriate concentration and
contact time.
Before decontamination
To limit the number of people exposed to potentially contaminated materials, the
vehicle operator and patient care provider may be responsible for decontamination
and disinfection of the transport unit. However, a separate team may also be used
to do this.
All waste, including PPE, drapes, and wipes, should be considered Category A
infectious substance, and should be packaged appropriately for disposal.
Two people in PPE should decontaminate and disinfect. A third person should be
available to document the decontamination and be available for other assistance as
needed.
1
The hot zone is considered an area that is known or suspected to be contaminated and has a high risk of
exposure. It should only be entered with full PPE. In ambulance decontamination, this would be the
vehicle and an area about a meter beyond the ambulance.
The warm zone can be considered a transitional area between the hot and cold zones that has no known
contamination but has a moderate risk of exposure. It should only be entered when wearing full PPE. This
is also the area where one begins the initial portion of the doffing process (following a full suit wipe down
within the hot zone) when leaving the hot zone. For ambulance decontamination, the warm zone can also
be the place where waste barrels are pre-positioned so that the waste bags can be placed directly into the
containers without entering the hot zone.
The cold zone is considered an area that has no contamination and no potential risk for exposure. The
individuals in this area are not required to wear PPE, although the cold zone will often also serve as the
PPE donning area.
2
�
PPE should be donned and doffed according to organizational protocols.
PPE selection should consider worker protection for biological exposures and
potential chemical exposures based on the disinfectant used.
During decontamination
Disinfect the outside of any prepositioned but unused medical equipment (still
inside the protective bags they were placed in) and pass it to the warm zone. If the
equipment was removed from a protective bag in transit, assess the equipment to
determine if it can be properly decontaminated and disinfected, or disposed of.
Any areas that are visibly contaminated with the patient’s body fluids should be
decontaminated first with an approved EPA-registered disinfectant for the
appropriate contact time before soaking up the fluid with absorbent materials.
If the interior of the ambulance was draped prior to transport, remove the draping by
rolling the drapes down outside in, from the ceiling to the floor of the unit starting at
the front of the compartment and moving to the rear.
Roll flooring drapes from the front to rear of the compartment, rolling drapes outside
in.
To facilitate packaging and transport, drapes can be gently cut into segments.
o It is important that all drape materials are in sections that are small enough
to facilitate the insertion of the biohazard bags into an autoclave or predetermined Category A infectious substance packaging for disposal.
Two people in PPE should manually disinfect the interior of the patient care
compartment with particular detail for high-touch surfaces such as door handles and
steps using care to limit mechanically generated aerosols and using the surface wipe
method to disinfect.
Disinfect the interior as a team so that the team members can talk each other
through the process and expedite the decontamination process.
Once the manual interior wipe down has been completed, collect and package all
waste as Category A waste.
Manually wipe down the ambulance’s exterior patient loading doors and handles, and
any areas that may have been contaminated, with disinfectant. The exterior of the
ambulance does not require a full disinfectant wipe down.
Once the outside of all surfaces (including waste bags) have been wiped with
disinfectant, then doffing can occur.
After decontamination
A third person who has been in the cold zone should supervise doffing, which should
be performed according to organization doffing protocols.
Dispose of all waste according to organization protocols as well as local and federal
regulations for Category A infectious substances.
Additional cleaning methods can also be used. While not required, this may
provide additional assurance to personnel and public prior returning the
vehicle to service.
o Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation, chlorine dioxide gas, or hydrogen
peroxide vapor can be used for an additional disinfection step. However,
3
�
these should not replace the manual disinfection, as their efficacy against
organisms in body fluids has not been fully established and these methods
may require specialized equipment and PPE.
The ambulance can then be returned to service.
Materials and equipment needed to decontaminate an
ambulance (for two people performing the decontamination)
#
Items
Fluid-resistant or impermeable coveralls (appropriate sized suits)
Fluid-resistant or impermeable boot covers
Powered air-purifying respirator (PAPR)
PAPR batteries
PAPR filters
PAPR hoods
PAPR hose and clamp
OR
Full-face respirators with appropriate cartridges for protection against particles and EPAregistered hospital disinfectant (OV/AG/P95 organic vapor/acid gas cartridges)
Biobags (Large)
Garbage bags (Large)
Nitrile gloves box (Small, Medium, Large, Extra large)
Hand sanitizer (bottle)
Absorbent rags (package)
Caution tape (yellow 200' roll)
Duct tape (roll)
Bucket
Healthcare bleach (wipes) or other EPA-registered hospital disinfectant wipes
Scissors
Documentation
Bio-safety check-off sheet, donning check-off sheet, doffing check-off sheet, contact list
4
4
4
2
6
6
3
2
30
20
1EA
10
2
2
2
1
4
1
�Additional Resources
1. Isakov, A., Jamison, A., Miles, W., & Ribner, B. Safe management of patients with serious
communicable diseases: recent experience with Ebola virus. Annals of internal medicine.
161(11): 829-830.
2. Isakov A, Miles W, Gibbs S, Lowe J, Jamison A, Swansiger R. Transport and management of
patients with confirmed or suspected Ebola virus disease. Ann of Emerg Med. 2015;
66(3):297-305.
3. Jelden, K.C., Gibbs, S.G., Smith, P.W., Schweldhelm, M., Iwen, P.C., +Beam, E., Hayes, A.K.,
Marion, N., Kratochvil, C.J., Boulter, K.C., Hewlett, A., Lowe, J.J. Nebraska Biocontainment
Unit Patient Discharge and Environmental Decontamination following Ebola Care.
American Journal of Infection Control. 2015; 43(3):203-205.
4. Lowe, J.J., Gibbs, S.G., Schwedhelm, S., Nguyen, J., Smith, P.W. Nebraska Biocontainment
Unit Perspective on Disposal of Ebola Medical Waste. American Journal of Infection
Control. 2014; 42:1256-1257.
5. Lowe, J.J., Jelden, K.C., Schenarts, P.J., Rupp, L.E., Hawes, K.J., Tysor, B.M., Swansinger,
R.G., Schweldhelm, S.S., Smith, P.W., Gibbs, S.G. Considerations for Safe EMS Transport of
Patients Infected with Ebola Virus. Prehospital Emergency Care. 2015; 19(2):179-183.
6. Lowe, J.J., Olinger, P.L., Gibbs, S.G., Rengarajan, K, Beam, E.L., Boulter, K.C., Schwedhelm,
M.M., Hayes, K.A., Krotochvil, C.J., Vanairsdale, S., Frislie, B; Lewis J., Hewlett, A., Smith,
P.W., Gartland, B., Ribner, B.S. Environmental infection control considerations for Ebola.
American Journal of Infection Control. 2015; 43(7):747-9.
7. Swansiger, R.G., Walters, W.A., Isakov, A.P., Gibbs, S.G., Lowe, J.J. 2014. BioContainment
Ground Transport Standard Operating Procedures. Office of Medical Services Operational
Medicine. United States Department of State.
5
�
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/clinicians/emergency-services/ambulance-decontamination.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Example: Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Decontamination of an Ambulance that has Transported a
Person under Investigation or Patient with Confirmed Ebola
Subject
The topic of the resource
Pre-hospital
Description
An account of the resource
This SOP can serve as a model for emergency medical services (EMS) transport agencies to standardize the procedures and responsibilities for the decontamination and disinfection of an ambulance that has transported a person under investigation (PUI) for Ebola or a patient with confirmed Ebola. It is highly recommended that procedures and responsibilities for decontamination and disinfection of the ambulance be clearly defined before transporting a PUI. All personnel should be trained in donning and doffing (putting on and taking off) techniques for personnel protective equipment (PPE).
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016-01-28
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-04-05
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1PrH/D0.2PrH - Qualtrics # 617, original # 13
Y - D0.1PrH/D0.2PrH - Qualtrics # 618, original # 14
Y - D0.1PrH/D0.2PrH - Qualtrics # 620, original # 16
Decontamination
Ebola
Ebola Decontamination
Infection Prevention and Control
Pre-Hospital
R-EMS
R-PreH
Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.nih.gov/news-events/news-releases/independent-monitoring-board-recommends-early-termination-ebola-therapeutics-trial-drc-because-favorable-results-two-four-candidates
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Independent monitoring board recommends early termination of Ebola therapeutics trial in DRC because of favorable results with two of four candidates
Subject
The topic of the resource
Research
Description
An account of the resource
The Pamoja Tulinde Maisha (PALM [together save lives]) study is a randomized, controlled trial of four investigational agents (ZMapp, remdesivir, mAb114 and REGN-EB3) for the treatment of patients with Ebola virus disease. The study began on Nov. 20, 2018 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) as part of the emergency response to an ongoing Ebola outbreak in the North Kivu and Ituri Provinces.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NIH
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2019-08-12
Ebola
R-Res&Pub
Therapeutics
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/4194fc1d1b533919ccb59d91cb3fa945.png
700012660d4898bcf6c588d95d719479
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04252664
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Mild/Moderate 2019-nCoV Remdesivir RCT
Subject
The topic of the resource
Research
Description
An account of the resource
In December 2019, Wuhan, in Hubei province, China, became the center of an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown cause. In a short time, Chinese scientists had shared the genome information of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) from these pneumonia patients and developed a real-time reverse transcription PCR (real time RT-PCR) diagnostic assay. <br /><br />Given no specific antiviral therapy for 2019-nCoV infection and the availability of remdesvir as a potential antiviral agent based on pre-clinical studies in SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infections, this randomized, controlled, double blind trial will evaluate the efficacy and safety of remdesivir in patients hospitalized with mild or moderate 2019-nCoV respiratory disease.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NIH
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-02-05
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Laboratory Testing
R-Res&Pub
Therapeutics
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/c9546970cdf28b4088464e9f92ca1d80.png
700012660d4898bcf6c588d95d719479
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04257656?cond=ncov&draw=2
Dublin Core
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Title
A name given to the resource
Severe 2019-nCoV Remdesivir RCT
Subject
The topic of the resource
Research
Description
An account of the resource
In December 2019, Wuhan, in Hubei province, China, became the center of an outbreak of pneumonia of unknown cause. In a short time, Chinese scientists had shared the genome information of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) from these pneumonia patients and developed a real-time reverse transcription PCR (real time RT-PCR) diagnostic assay. <br /><br />Given no specific antiviral therapy for 2019-nCoV infection and the ready availability of remdesvir as a potential antiviral agent, based on pre-clinical studies in SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infections, this randomized, controlled, double blind trial will evaluate the efficacy and safety of remdesivir in patients hospitalized with severe 2019-nCoV respiratory disease.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NIH
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-02-10
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Laboratory Testing
R-Res&Pub
Therapeutics
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/3f8657d9839c4fbc3bcfc9b8a4911757.png
a720106d9c4d607c5072f4c7ca18586f
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://nextstrain.org/#ncov
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Nextstrain - Novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) situation reports and latest data and analysis
Subject
The topic of the resource
Research
Description
An account of the resource
<div class="generalComponents__FlexCenter-sc-1d0dkoa-0 fVKutN">
<p class="styles__CenteredFocusParagraph-pblfut-4 kayyuQ">Nextstrain is incorporating nCoV genomes as soon as they are shared and providing analyses and situation reports. Please see below for the latest updates.</p>
</div>
<iframe width="320" height="240" title="Novel coronavirus" src="https://nextstrain.org/#ncov"></iframe>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Nextstrain
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-03-04
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Epidemiology
MERS-CoV
R-Res&Pub
SARS
SARS-CoV-2
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/?term=covid-19
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reference genome
Subject
The topic of the resource
Research
Description
An account of the resource
The Nucleotide database is a collection of sequences from several sources, including GenBank, RefSeq, TPA and PDB. Genome, gene and transcript sequence data provide the foundation for biomedical research and discovery. Over 200 examples related to Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 are available on the site.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-03-24
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Individual authors for each uploaded entry
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Epidemiology
R-Res&Pub
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04283461
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Safety and Immunogenicity Study of 2019-nCoV Vaccine (mRNA-1273) for Prophylaxis SARS CoV-2 Infection
Subject
The topic of the resource
Research
Description
An account of the resource
This is a phase I, open-label, dose ranging clinical trial in males and non-pregnant females, 18 to 55 years of age, inclusive, who are in good health and meet all eligibility criteria. This clinical trial is designed to assess the safety, reactogenicity and immunogenicity of mRNA-1273 manufactured by ModernaTX, Inc. mRNA-1273 is a novel lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated mRNA-based vaccine that encodes for a full-length, prefusion stabilized spike (S) protein of SARS-CoV-2. Enrollment will occur at one domestic site. Forty-five subjects will be enrolled into one of three cohorts and will receive an intramuscular (IM) injection of mRNA-1273 on Days 1 and 29 in the deltoid muscle. Subjects will be followed through 12 months post second vaccination (Day 394). The primary objective is to evaluate the safety and reactogenicity of a 2-dose vaccination schedule of mRNA-1273, given 28 days apart, across 3 dosages in healthy adults.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-03-30
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
R-Res&Pub
Vaccine Study
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/30b16205aed4626c78f4f56167fbb79f.png
700012660d4898bcf6c588d95d719479
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04280705
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Adaptive COVID-19 Treatment Trial (ACTT)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Research
Description
An account of the resource
This study is an adaptive, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of novel therapeutic agents in hospitalized adults diagnosed with COVID-19. The study is a multicenter trial that will be conducted in up to approximately 100 sites globally. The study will compare different investigational therapeutic agents to a control arm. There will be interim monitoring to introduce new arms and allow early stopping for futility, efficacy, or safety. If one therapy proves to be efficacious, then this treatment may become the control arm for comparison(s) with new experimental treatment(s). Any such change would be accompanied by an updated sample size. Because background standards of supportive care may evolve/improve over time as more is learned about successful management of COVID-19, comparisons of safety and efficacy will be based on data from concurrently randomized subjects. An independent Data and Safety Monitoring Board (DSMB) will actively monitor interim data to make recommendations about early study closure or changes to study arms. To evaluate the clinical efficacy, as assessed by time to recovery, of different investigational therapeutics as compared to the control arm.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-05-07
2019-nCoV
Clinical Trial
Coronavirus
COVID-19
R-Res&Pub
Therapeutics
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/frequently-asked-questions-statement-investigator-form-fda-1572
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Frequently Asked Questions – Statement of Investigator (Form FDA 1572)
Subject
The topic of the resource
Research
Description
An account of the resource
Guidance for Sponsors, Clinical Investigators, and IRBs. Information for investigational new drugs (IND).
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
FDA
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2010-06
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1Res/D0.2Res Qualtrics # 1301, original # 2
Y - D0.1Res/D0.2Res Qualtrics # 1302, original # 2a
Y - D0.1Res/D0.2Res Qualtrics # 1303, original # 2b
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-08-11
Institutional Review Board (IRB)
R-Res&Pub
Research
Research Design
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.fda.gov/drugs/types-applications/investigational-new-drug-ind-application
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Investigational New Drug (IND) Application
Subject
The topic of the resource
Research
Description
An account of the resource
Current Federal law requires that a drug be the subject of an approved marketing application before it is transported or distributed across state lines. Because a sponsor will probably want to ship the investigational drug to clinical investigators in many states, it must seek an exemption from that legal requirement. The IND is the means through which the sponsor technically obtains this exemption from the FDA.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
FDA
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-07-20
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1Res/D0.2Res Qualtrics # 1301, original # 2
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-06-01
R-Res&Pub
Research
Therapeutics
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.fda.gov/emergency-preparedness-and-response/mcm-legal-regulatory-and-policy-framework/emergency-use-authorization
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Emergency Use Authorization
Subject
The topic of the resource
Research
Description
An account of the resource
The Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) authority allows FDA to help strengthen the nation’s public health protections against chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) threats including infectious diseases, by facilitating the availability and use of medical countermeasures (MCMs) needed during public health emergencies.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
FDA
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-05-12
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1Res/D0.2Res Qualtrics # 1301, original # 2
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-06-01
Emergency Management
R-Res&Pub
Research
Therapeutics
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.who.int/health-topics/crimean-congo-haemorrhagic-fever#tab=tab_1
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever: health topic
Subject
The topic of the resource
Training and Education
Description
An account of the resource
<div class="sf_colsOut tabContent">
<div class="sf_colsIn">
<p>Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a viral haemorrhagic fever usually transmitted by ticks. It can also be contracted through contact with viraemic animal tissues (animal tissue where the virus has entered the bloodstream) during and immediately post-slaughter of animals. CCHF outbreaks constitute a threat to public health services as the virus can lead to epidemics, has a high case fatality ratio (10–40%), potentially results in hospital and health facility outbreaks, and is difficult to prevent and treat. CCHF is endemic in all of Africa, the Balkans, the Middle East and in Asia. </p>
<p>The disease was first described in the Crimean Peninsula in 1944 and given the name Crimean haemorrhagic fever. In 1969 it was recognized that the pathogen causing Crimean haemorrhagic fever was the same as that responsible for an illness identified in 1956 in the Congo Basin. The linkage of the two place names resulted in the current name for the disease and the virus (WHO).</p>
</div>
</div>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
WHO
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2023-10-17 by Darrell Ruby, T & E group, adding as newer than intro course (290)
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-10-17
Crimean Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF)
R-T&E
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.who.int/emergencies/outbreak-toolkit/disease-outbreak-toolboxes/mers-outbreak-toolbox
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) Outbreak Toolbox
Subject
The topic of the resource
Training and Exercises
Description
An account of the resource
A set of tools relating to MERS-CoV, including the WHO suggested outbreak case definition, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) information page (Geneva: World Health Organization), MERS fact sheet (Geneva: World Health Organization; 2022), Case investigation form(s), and more.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
WHO
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-10-17
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2023-10-17 by Darrell Ruby, T & E group, added as new
Laboratory
MERS-CoV
Outbreaks
R-T&E
Training
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/10/19/health/ebola-survivors-cataracts.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Ebola's Legacy: Children with Cataracts
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
New York Times
Subject
The topic of the resource
Treatment & Care
Description
An account of the resource
Grady, Denise. 2017. "Ebola's Legacy: Children with Cataracts." New York Times [October 19, 2017].
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2017-10-19
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-09-27
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-09-27 - general asset review - Treatment & Care group
2022-12-07 general asset review - IPC (change to R-T&C)
Ebola
Eye/Ocular Health
Follow up
Infection Prevention and Control
Patient Care
Public Health
R-T&C
Survivors
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/ce3fabb4d52fb0cb2be15abfe750b564.png
3f74aefc72add078e82aed285f918c8a
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/introduction/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
NIH COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines
Subject
The topic of the resource
Treatment & Care
Description
An account of the resource
These Treatment Guidelines have been developed to inform clinicians how to care for patients with COVID-19. Because clinical information about the optimal management of COVID-19 is evolving quickly, these Guidelines will be updated frequently as published data and other authoritative information becomes available.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NIH
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2020-11
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-09-27
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-09-27 - general asset review - Treatment & Care group
2019-nCoV
Coronavirus
COVID-19
R-T&C
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/2ef2608a2a111195d269f303f4a8ce69.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/clinicians/index.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Mpox: Information For Clinicians
Subject
The topic of the resource
Treatment & Care
Description
An account of the resource
Information for clinicians related to Mpox:<br /><br />The first symptoms of mpox include fever, malaise, headache, and sometimes sore throat and cough. A distinguishing feature of mpox from smallpox is lymphadenopathy (swollen lymph nodes). This typically occurs with fever onset, 1 to 2 days before rash onset, or rarely with rash onset. Lymph nodes may swell in the neck (submandibular & cervical), armpits (axillary), or groin (inguinal) and occur on both sides of the body or just one.<br /><br />Includes a section on <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/clinicians/treatment.html" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Treatment</a>, <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/clinicians/prep-collection-specimens.html">Preparation and Collection of Specimens</a>, and <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/poxvirus/monkeypox/clinicians/infection-control-home.html">Infection Control</a>.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2019-10-08
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-09-27
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-09-27 - general asset review - Treatment & Care group
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1Tx/D0.2Tx Qualtrics # 808, original # 2b
Y - D0.1Tx/D0.2Tx Qualtrics # 813, original # 5
CDC
Mpox
R-T&C
Special Pathogens
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/3dac18a07e51233294db7e37cd306c75.png
f8f9dcde5ace64892f813ef646ca29dd
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://wrap-em.org/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Crisis Standards of Care Resources
Subject
The topic of the resource
Treatment & Care
Description
An account of the resource
A site including several resources for consideration in your crisis standards of care planning, and links to recent Crisis Standards of Care Open discussions hosted by the Eastern Great Lakes Pediatric Consortium for Disaster Response and WRAP-EM.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Western Regional Alliance for Pediatric Emergency Management (WRAP-EM)
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2021
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-07 by Kari, Special Populations Treatment & Care group
2023-12-15 by Clayton Mowrer, Special Populations Treatment & Care group - note "Constantly updated Excellent resource"
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-12-31
Children
Crisis Standards of Care
Example
Pediatrics
R-SP
Standard of Care
Treatment and Care
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/53ccd7128a832e51075e02372ce5913f.png
1c130177859f2e43b0dd4035866760b1
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.npdcoalition.org/resources/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Pediatric COVID-19 Resources
Subject
The topic of the resource
Treatment & Care
Description
An account of the resource
This page contains links to: Pediatric COVID-19 JIT Resources, Clinical Pathways and Guidance, and Crisis Standards of Care.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
National Pediatric Disaster Coalition
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2021
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-07 by Kari, Special Populations Treatment & Care group
2023-12-15 by Clayton Mowrer, Special Populations Treatment & Care group - note "Constantly updated Excellent resource"
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-12-31
Relation
A related resource
Y
2019-nCoV
Children
Coronavirus
COVID-19
Example
Just in Time training (JIT)
Pediatrics
R-SP
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/0273c7748f58fd289bd729f7927f9e89.png
07a6c38b053cb68867c3624a96ccf222
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2022/06/30/a-clinicians-reference-guide-to-lassa-virus/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
A Clinicians Reference Guide to Lassa Virus
Subject
The topic of the resource
Treatment & Care
Description
An account of the resource
This blog post provides a Clinical Perspective on Lassa Virus from NETEC experts.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-06-30
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-07-10
Blog
Clinical Care
Lassa
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/23e789970a5505f6ad01140aecfd6c89.png
cc41ea3fd9a79d52f1d633d1d96c4353
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2022/06/29/lassa-fever-testing-and-treatments/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Lassa Fever: Testing and Treatments
Subject
The topic of the resource
Treatment & Care
Description
An account of the resource
Lassa virus infection can result in a broad spectrum of clinical signs and symptoms, from asymptomatic or very minimal symptoms to the severe manifestation, a viral hemorrhagic fever. In addition, the early symptoms of Lassa fever are similar in nature to those of other common viral illnesses, including influenza, which makes it difficult for clinicians to identify early on.<br /><br />This blog post covers information on diagnosing, testing for, and treating Lassa.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
2022-06-29
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-07-10
Blog
Diagnosis
Identify
Laboratory Testing
Lassa
Treatment and Care
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/4a393c9dc58620a0303e2b049704c66e.png
07a6c38b053cb68867c3624a96ccf222
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/transmission-interrupted/lassa-fever-a-summary-for-clinicians/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Lassa Fever: a Summary for Clinicians
Subject
The topic of the resource
Treatment & Care
Description
An account of the resource
On this episode of Transmission Interrupted, we welcome Dr. Jared Evans, Dr. Aneesh Mehta, and Dr. Vanessa Rabbe—members of NETEC’s Special Pathogen Research Network—to discuss their recent manuscript entitled, “Lassa Virus Infection: a Summary for Clinicians.” Developed from a clinical perspective, this manuscript provides clinicians with a condensed, accessible understanding of the current literature on Lassa virus (LASV) infection and Lassa fever disease (LF). The topics discussed in this episode will provide basic information on Lassa virus and Lassa fever, and will highlight pathogenesis, clinical features, and medical countermeasures that have demonstrated potential value for use in clinical or research environments.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-06-29
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-07-20
Blog
Lassa
Podcast
Treatment and Care
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/ce37e059c20a98fd2892cad48988559e.png
0340c3c62cfd29cc699191e1b2a73d00
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/special-populations/pregnancy/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
COVID-19 Guidelines: Special Considerations in Pregnancy
Subject
The topic of the resource
Treatment & Care
Description
An account of the resource
There is current guidance from the <a href="https://www.acog.org/clinical-information/physician-faqs/covid-19-faqs-for-ob-gyns-obstetrics" target="_blank" id="anch_50" rel="noreferrer noopener">American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists</a> and the <a href="https://www.smfm.org/covidclinical" target="_blank" id="anch_51" rel="noreferrer noopener">Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine</a> detailing the management of pregnant patients with COVID-19. This section of the COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines complements that guidance.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NIH
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-09-26
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-04-26
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2023-12-15 by Clayton Mowrer, Special Populations Treatment & Care group - note "constantly updated" - archived by CDC after this.
2024-02-27 by J. Mundy - removed CDC guidelines, CDC page archived. https://archive.cdc.gov/#/details?url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/inpatient-obstetric-healthcare-guidance.html
Neonates
Pregnancy
R-SP
Treatment and Care
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/a9c914778f389005786b1b3a2d98643a.png
f55cbaa415b6b47cf33ed9225722c027
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/treatment/index.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
CDC: Treatment of Ebola
Subject
The topic of the resource
Treatment & Care
Description
An account of the resource
Information and guidance on the treatment of Ebola patients, including therapeutics and supportive care.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2021-02-26
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-11-07 Clayton recommended, Treatment & Care group
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-11-07
CDC
Ebola
R-T&C
Therapeutics
Treatment and Care
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.covid19treatmentguidelines.nih.gov/management/clinical-management-of-children/special-considerations-in-children/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
COVID-19 Guidelines: Special Considerations in Children
Subject
The topic of the resource
Treatment & Care
Description
An account of the resource
NIH Guidelines<br />Key considerations:<br />
<ul>
<li>SARS-CoV-2 infection is generally milder in children than in adults, and a substantial proportion of children with the infection are asymptomatic.</li>
<li>Most nonhospitalized children with COVID-19 will not require any specific therapy.</li>
<li>Observational studies describe associations between severe COVID-19 and the presence of ≥1 comorbid conditions, including cardiac disease, neurologic disorders, prematurity (in young infants), diabetes, obesity (particularly severe obesity), chronic lung disease, feeding tube dependence, and immunocompromised status. Age (<1 year and 10–14 years) and non-White race/ethnicity are also associated with severe disease.</li>
<li>Most children hospitalized for severe COVID-19 have not been fully vaccinated or are not eligible for COVID-19 vaccination.</li>
<li>Data on the pathogenesis and clinical spectrum of SARS-CoV-2 infection are more limited for children than for adults.</li>
<li>Vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 appears to be rare, but suspected or probable cases of vertical transmission have been described.</li>
<li>A small subset of children and young adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection may develop multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C). Many patients with MIS-C require intensive care management. The majority of children with MIS-C do not have underlying comorbid conditions.</li>
<li>Data on the prevalence of post-COVID conditions in children are limited but suggest that younger children may have fewer persistent symptoms than older children and adults.</li>
</ul>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NIH
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-08-08
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-07 by Andi, Special Populations Treatment & Care group (suggested to replace 931)
2023-12-15 by Clayton Mowrer, Special Populations Treatment & Care group - note "constantly updated"
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-12-01
Children
COVID-19
Example
Pediatrics
R-SP
Treatment and Care
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/bd56d080570241072e03dfe99bddee02.png
4d72780f2d14275212db5c1df814d031
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2023/02/24/a-clinicians-reference-guide-to-marburg-virus-disease/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
A Clinicians Reference Guide to Marburg Virus Disease
Subject
The topic of the resource
Treatment & Care
Description
An account of the resource
This NETEC blog post reviews 10 Takeaways for Clinicians for Marburg Virus Disease (MVD), MVD Therapeutics and Vaccine Candidates, and additional resources.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-02-24
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-02-24
Clinical Care
Marburg
R-T&C
Therapeutics
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/a83731755347ee723938e191270a9833.png
682e995d094bea4865e15c623fbcabe2
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://netec.org/2023/02/06/polio-resurgence-guidance-for-health-care-workers/
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Polio Resurgence: Guidance for Health Care Workers
Subject
The topic of the resource
Treatment & Care
Description
An account of the resource
This NETEC blog post discusses Poliovirus transmission and pathogenesis, Paralytic Polio, Polio survivors and Post-Polio Syndrome (PPS), Polio vaccines and recommendations, and Polio testing in the laboratory.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
NETEC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-02-06
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-02-06
Diagnosis
Droplet Transmission
Laboratory Testing
Polio
R-T&C
Survivors
Vaccines
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/ca42e4ae60b148b047c670fce6db3795.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/clinicians/cleaning/waste-management.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Ebola-Associated Waste Management
Subject
The topic of the resource
Waste Management
Description
An account of the resource
<div>
<p><strong>Who this is for</strong>: Hospitals and healthcare providers that care for patients under investigation (PUIs) for Ebola virus disease (EVD) or with confirmed cases of EVD.</p>
<p><strong>What this is for</strong>: To help hospitals and healthcare providers safely handle, transport, and dispose of waste generated by the care of patients under investigation (PUIs) for or with confirmed Ebola virus disease (EVD).</p>
<p><strong>How to use</strong>: This guidance is intended to provide key information about procedures and regulations regarding waste associated with the care of patients under investigation (PUIs) for or with confirmed Ebola virus disease (EVD).</p>
</div>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2019-04-03
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-12-07 general asset review - IPC
Relation
A related resource
Y
Y - D0.1IC/D0.2IC Qualtrics # 209, original # 4a (additional resources)
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-12-10
Category A
Ebola
Federal
Guidance Document
Infection Prevention and Control
R-IPC
Regulations
Sterilizer
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
Waste
Waste Management
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/4f1356628e8bad76451d87e1ff5371a0.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/prevention/handling-sewage.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Interim Guidance for Managers and Workers Handling Untreated Sewage from Individuals with Ebola in the United States
Subject
The topic of the resource
Waste Management
Description
An account of the resource
<p><strong>Who this is for</strong>: Workers who handle untreated sewage that comes from hospitals, medical facilities, and other facilities with confirmed individuals with Ebola.</p>
<p><strong>What this is for</strong>: To provide recommendations for workers on the types of personal protective equipment (PPE) to be used and proper hygiene for the safe handling of untreated sewage that may contain Ebola virus.</p>
<p><strong>How to use</strong>: Use this document to reduce the workers’ risk of exposure to infectious agents including Ebola virus when working with untreated sewage.</p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2014-11-20
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-12-07 general asset review - IPC - marked needs review - checked CDC - not yet updated on their most updated page: https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/prevention/cleaning-and-decontamination.html
Relation
A related resource
Y
Y - D0.1IC/D0.2IC Qualtrics # 204, original # 2
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-12-10
Ebola
Engineering Controls
Occupational Exposure
Physical Infrastructure
R-IPC
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
Waste Management
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/56740638f32a1113e45627ce04e9e826.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/prevention/faq-untreated-sewage.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) on Interim Guidance for Managers and Workers Handling Untreated Sewage from Suspected or Confirmed Individuals with Ebola in the U.S.
Subject
The topic of the resource
Waste Management
Description
An account of the resource
FAQs on Interim Guidance for Managers and Workers Handling Untreated Sewage from Suspected or Confirmed Individuals with Ebola in the U.S. | Cleaning and Decontamination | Public Health Planners | Ebola (Ebola Virus Disease) | CDC
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2014-12-16
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-12-07 general asset review - IPC - marked needs review - checked CDC - not updated on most updated page: https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/prevention/cleaning-and-decontamination.html
Relation
A related resource
Y
Y - D0.1IC/D0.2IC Qualtrics # 204, original # 2
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2023-12-10
Ebola
Engineering Controls
Occupational Exposure
Physical Infrastructure
R-IPC
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
Waste Management
-
https://repository.netecweb.org/files/original/c71b8bc8c516b6e42a01d9d22fda28db.png
ffa8193d03702a0b82a1a1ca19b763a4
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Develop
Description
An account of the resource
<h2><span>These files will help you <strong><em>develop</em></strong> your program and plans based on what you have discovered.</span></h2>
<p style="font-size:120%;">Find model protocols and procedures and more in-depth training resources. You can go to the <a href="/exhibits/show/leadership"><button>Leadership Toolbox</button></a> or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/specialpopulations"><button>Special Populations</button></a> section. You can also go to the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/netec-education/justintime"><button> Just in Time Training</button></a> page, the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ppe101/ppe"><button> PPE</button></a> page, or the <a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ems/prehospital"><button>EMS</button></a> page. <span>Subscribe to the NETEC <a href="https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCDpHc1LkcEpiWR0q7ll5eZQ" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener"><button>Youtube Channel</button></a> to get all new Skills videos!</span></p>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/clinicians/cleaning/handling-waste.html
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Procedures for Safe Handling and Management of Ebola-Associated Waste
Subject
The topic of the resource
Waste Management
Description
An account of the resource
<p><strong>Who this if for</strong>: Hospital infection control, occupational health systems, and facility medical waste managers and personnel</p>
<p><strong>What this is for</strong>: To provide detailed step by step procedures for use with the CDC guidance on <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/healthcare-us/cleaning/waste-management.html">Ebola-Associated Waste Management</a>.</p>
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
CDC
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2022-10-20
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
2022-12-07 general asset review - IPC - marked needs review - checked CDC - page is updated
2024-03-27 Waste never returned – bump to next review
Relation
A related resource
Y
Y - D0.1PI/D0.2PI Qualtrics # 123, original # 11
Y - D0.1IC/D0.2IC Qualtrics # 209, original # 4a
Y - D0.1WM/D0.2WM Qualtrics # 1106
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2024-08-10
Ebola
Infection Prevention and Control
Physical Infrastructure
R-WM
Standard Operating Procedure (SOP)
Viral Hemorrhagic Fever
Waste
Waste Management
-
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Discover
Description
An account of the resource
<div style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:80%;line-height:24px;"><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/ncov/ncov"><button>COVID-19 Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#Map"><button>Outbreak Map</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/news#News"><button>Newsfeed</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/monkeypox/monkeypox"><button>Monkeypox 2021</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/drcebola2018/drcebola2018"><button>2020 Ebola Update</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/ebolatimeline"><button>Ebola Timeline</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/mers/mers"><button>MERS</button></a><a href="https://repository.netecweb.org/exhibits/show/aerosol/aerosol"><button>Airborne Transmission</button></a></span></h2>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Discover Background Data and Resources:</h2>
<ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Get introduced to NETEC through the interactive timeline of special pathogens below.* This timeline describes some significant special pathogen events in recent history.</span></p>
</li>
<li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Find out more about the 2014 Ebola outbreak and the development of the ASPR/CDC-supported network of healthcare facilities preparing for the next outbreak through <em><a href="/ebolatimeline"><button>the Ebola timeline</button></a>.</em></span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">This NETEC Repository helps to provide training and educational resources to prepare for future special pathogen events. </span></p>
</li>
</ul><ul><li>
<p><span style="line-height:24px;">Explore the files BELOW THE TIMELINE to <em><strong>discover and learn</strong></em> more about Ebola and other Special Pathogens, an overview of special pathogens, clinically managing patients affected, and readying healthcare teams and systems to keep everyone safe.</span></p>
</li>
</ul><h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;">Timeline of Special Pathogens:</h2>
<a href="#click">Skip timeline</a>
<p style="margin-bottom:0;"><iframe width="100%" height="635" style="border:1px solid #000000;" src="https://cdn.knightlab.com/libs/timeline3/latest/embed/index.html?source=1AQiHJEzkhEi71uIi7wTWWgSFRwR6wRbRyfhbASrw3Ig&font=Default&lang=en&initial_zoom=2&height=650" title="Timeline of Special Pathogens"></iframe></p>
<h2 style="background-color:#c7e5f8;"><span style="font-size:70%;">*Click for <a href="/timeline2access"><button>a screen reader accessible table of this timeline</button></a>. </span></h2>
</div>
Hyperlink
A link, or reference, to another resource on the Internet.
URL
https://www.epa.gov/rcra/medical-waste
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Medical Waste
Subject
The topic of the resource
Waste Management
Description
An account of the resource
Medical waste is a subset of wastes generated at health care facilities, such as hospitals, physicians' offices, dental practices, blood banks, and veterinary hospitals/clinics, as well as medical research facilities and laboratories. Generally, medical waste is healthcare waste that that may be contaminated by blood, body fluids or other potentially infectious materials and is often referred to as regulated medical waste.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
EPA
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2023-05-03
Coverage
The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant
2025-05-03
Relation
A related resource
Y - D0.1WM/D0.2WM Qualtrics # 1104
R-WM
Waste
Waste Management